Download or read book Carcinoma Gallbladder ECAB written by Gourdas Choudhuri and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carcinoma gallbladder is the third most common GI malignancy and the most common biliary tract malignancy in North India. Of all the known risk factors, gallstones are most commonly associated with GBC. Bile stasis and chronic inflammation along with occupational exposure to heavy metals, dietary carcinogens, and radiation exposure have been found to be responsible for the increased incidence of GB neoplasms. Infections with S. typhii and S. paratyphii along with Helicobacter sp. have also been associated with GBC. p 53 and ras gene mutations are strongly associated with GBC. Early diagnosis of GBC still remains a challenge and is often diagnosed as a part of investigations of any other disease. Most GBCs are at advanced stage at presentation. USG and CT scan are the common modes for the preliminary diagnosis of GBC. Surgery remains the key treatment modality and the only hope for long-term survival. A large number of patients present at the unresectable stage of the tumor, and palliation remains the only alternative to ensure better quality of life.
Download or read book Carcinoma of the Gallbladder The Current Scenario ECAB E Book written by and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-06-03 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carcinoma of the gallbladder is the most common cancers in North India which is very difficult to treat as well as manage as it is associated with many important issues. The current volume covers the topic right from its etiopathology to its palliation and gives an overview on the current knowledge of the disease. The international authorship of this book reflects the multidisciplinary nature of the book and of the field of gallbladder cancer care. The book promises to stimulate studies to provide specific answers to some unanswered questions. Above all it will destroy the myth that gallbladder carcinoma is incurable and will thus benefit a large number of patients. This edition focuses mainly on Etiopathogenesis of gallbladder cancer Management of gallbladder carcinoma Diagnosis and treatment outcomes Aggressive surgical management Molecular biology and pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer
Download or read book ECAB Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer E Book written by Bhawna Sirohi and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ECAB Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer - E-Book
Download or read book Alcoholic Liver Disease ECAB written by Philip Abraham and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-09-15 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcoholic liver disease involves an acute or chronic inflammation of liver occurring as a consequence of alcohol abuse. The pathological changes occur in 3 stages namely, fatty liver, alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis, with the final stage traditionally considered to be irreversible. Alcoholic liver disease is responsible for a significant number of premature deaths per annum all around the globe. There is an urgent need to educate the masses about the hazards of alcohol abuse. An efficient system to encourage and prolong the period of alcohol abstinence is the need of the hour. The importance of lifestyle modifications like weight reduction and cessation of smoking in the progression of liver disease needs to be communicated to the patients and the medical community as well. Moreover, realization of the role of nutrition in the management and recovery of ALD would enhance the treatment strategies for this condition. This book has been designed to update the readers on the important aspects of ALD and is a step forward to enable the society in combating the social and economic losses that occur as a result of alcohol abuse. The book has stressed upon various aspects of ALD like the role of nutrition, epidemiology and pathogenesis, and the possible therapeutic strategies involved. Supportive case scenarios have also been incorporated with relevance to the topics covered under the book. Overall, the book presents to the readers an excellent compilation of clinically applicable literature sourced from the most acclaimed physicians in the country.
Download or read book Hepatic Encephalopathy ECAB written by Prabha Sawant and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hepatic encephalopathy is the clinical syndrome resulting from increased ammonia levels in blood. The most common cause of HE is chronic liver disease. However, acute liver failure, Reye’s syndrome, or metabolic defects are other causes. The true prevalence of overt HE is difficult to establish because of the considerable heterogeneity in etiology and disease severity. However, HE has been reported to be present in around 50% of patients with cirrhosis or with porto-caval shunts at some time during their illness. It is less common in patients with portosystemic shunts without liver disease. Thirty percent of patients dying of end-stage liver disease experience significant encephalopathy, approaching coma. After TIPS placement, approximately 1/3 of patients will experience overt HE. Minimal HE (MHE) is difficult to diagnose due to lack of standard diagnostic tests. Its clinical significance with regards to progression to overt encephalopathy has however, not been established. Conventional treatment of hepatic encephalopathy relies primarily on reducing the production and absorption of ammonia. Identification and correction of the precipitating factors and general supportive measures are important management steps. There are very few randomized controlled trials (RCT) of therapies and even these are bugged by lack of a control group and small sample sizes.
Download or read book ECAB Surgery of the Bile Ducts E Book written by Samiran Nundy and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ECAB Surgery of the Bile Ducts - E-Book
Download or read book Acute Pancreatitis ECAB written by Pramod Kumar Garg and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute pancreatitis is defined as an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas that may also involve peripancreatic tissues and/or remote organ systems. It typically presents with sudden deep, boring pain that starts in the epigastrium and radiates to the back, which usually worsens on intake of food. It may be of varying severity ranging from mild to severe. Mild disease, if managed promptly and adequately resolves with minimal or no sequelae and seldom leads to extended morbidity or mortality. However Severe Acute Pancreatitis has a longer course of resolution, usually requires hospitalization and has a greater propensity to lead to adverse outcomes. As a thumb rule, it has greater morbidity and mortality rates as compared to Mild Acute Pancreatitis. Understandably, the management protocol for the severe acute pancreatitis is more invasive and emergent, and may require intensive care management. Hence understanding and assessment of the condition in the first 48 hours is a critical step in deciding the outcome. The various assessment criteria that are used to prognosticate and plan the management for this disease have been discussed in this clinical update. Previously, the condition was thought to be caused by infection, but now it is an established fact that it is an acute inflammation of the pancreatic gland with activation of the pancreatic enzymes within the gland leading to its autodigestion. Previously, acute pancreatitis was considered to be mostly associated with chronic alcohol abuse or acute bouts of binge drinking. With the availability of data from recent studies in India and the Asian subcontinent, Biliary disease is emerging as the commonest etiological agent. Extensive genetic analysis and mapping have helped put a cause to the erstwhile "idiopathic" cases. Newer diagnostic modalities and minimal invasive procedures have made the conventional surgeries nearly obsolete now. The rationale and use of antimicrobial treatment in the medical management of the condition has also undergone a change. This clinical update has been designed to update the readers on the important aspects of Acute Pancreatitis. The book has stressed upon various aspects of the condition like the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and evaluation along with an insight into the management approach of the patient including the supportive and nutritional management. Overall, the book presents to the readers an excellent compilation of clinically applicable literature sourced from the most acclaimed physicians in the country.
Download or read book Hepatitis ECAB written by Abhijit Chowdhury and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver, which can be classified as acute or chronic depending upon the duration of the condition. Various etiological agents have been correlated with the occurrence of various forms of the disease. The developed countries have a majority of drug-induced and toxic liver injury, while the developing countries like India present with a majority of feco-oral and blood borne transmissions of the disease. Viral hepatitis virtually constitutes a separate etiological group. It causes a set of typical clinical, biochemical, and histological changes with or without icterus resulting from hepatic cell damage. It may be acute or chronic. The acute form causes considerable morbidity and mortality, and the chronic sequelae may prove to be fatal by resulting in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatitis A and E are transmitted feco-orally, while B and C are transmitted only through blood/secretions. Hepatitis D occurs only in association with hepatitis B. Morphological pattern of liver injury in acute hepatitis varies with etiology and severity of insult. The typical lesion in all forms of acute viral hepatitis is panlobular infiltration with mononuclear cells, predominantly lymphocytes, hepatic cell necrosis, and variable degree of cholestasis, Kupffer cell hyperplasia. In fulminant hepatic failure, massive hepatic necrosis results in a soft shrunken liver. All forms of acute viral hepatitis run similar clinical course, which include incubation period after infection during which they are asymptomatic, followed by prodromal, icteric, and convalescent phases. Extrahepatic manifestations of viral hepatitis include renal, neurological, and hematological disorders. Most patients with acute viral hepatitis recover with supportive management. Hospitalization is required only in severe cases as evidenced by prolonged PT, altered sensorium, deep jaundice with ascites. Identification of etiology of acute hepatitis is of prime importance for the treatment of hepatitis. Definitive therapy is needed in drug-induced hepatitis. Most mild forms of viral hepatitis resolve with supportive treatment. Progressive liver failure mandates urgent liver transplantation. Prognostic models (Kings’ College criteria, Clichy’s criteria) have been developed for early identification of patients who would require liver transplant.
Download or read book Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency ECAB written by Pramod Kumar Garg and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exocrine pancreatic function can be impaired by many different pancreatic disease as well as diseases that do not appear to be directly linked to the exocrine pancreas. Hormones stimulating exocrine function (e.g. CCK) might be reduced in diseases affecting the intestinal mucosa (IBD, celiac disease, AIDS) resulting in decreased exocrine secretion. The function of digestive enzymes might be affected by post-cibal asynchrony or by a decreased intraduodenal pH as in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZE). An atrophy of pancreatic tissue might be caused by a lack of trophic factors, as may occur in IDDM, and pancreatic damage might occur due to drugs used for the treatment of other diseases. While some of these conditions appear to be rather rare and of minor clinical relevance, exocrine pancreatic involvement is very frequent in patients with diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of the condition can be made by the exploration of the exocrine pancreatic secretion, which has been mainly used for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and detection of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency of any etiology. Thus, diagnosis of the disease is classically based on the demonstration of either the morphological and/or the functional changes that typically develop over time in the course of the disease. Exocrine pancreatic function impairs progressively as chronic pancreatitis develops. Thus, exocrine pancreatic dysfunction refers to a mild, moderate or severe reduction of the exocrine pancreatic secretion. Finally, pancreatic function becomes insufficient to maintain a normal digestive process. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency refers to the stage of maldigestion and malabsorption of nutrients as a consequence of a primarily and/or secondarily impaired exocrine pancreatic function. Pancreatic enzymes remain as the cornerstone for the effective treatment of various disease pathologies resulting in pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. The rigid criteria set forth by the FDA in the USA will ensure that effective pancreatic enzyme preparations will be available and allow the clinician to successfully treat maldigestion, malabsorption, vitamin deficiencies, protein-calorie malnutrition, and in selected patients, the abdominal pain associated with chronic pancreatitis and PEI. Pancreatic enzymes are particularly underused in chronic pancreatitis patients with PEI, post-gastric and intestinal surgery patients who develop an asynchrony of enzyme delivery to the intestine, and pancreatic cancer patients. Earlier use of potent pancreatic enzymes will enhance the quality of life for these patients. This clinical update has been designed to update the readers on the important aspects of the pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, resulting from different conditions and its impact on the patient. The book has stressed upon the various aspects of the condition like its etiology, diagnosis, evaluation, and management approach to the patient. Overall, the book presents to the readers an excellent compilation of clinically applicable literature sourced from the most acclaimed physicians across globe.
Download or read book Chronic Pancreatitis ECAB written by Pramod Kumar Garg and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is defined as a continuous or recurrent inflammatory disease of the pancreas characterized by progressive and irreversible morphological changes. It typically causes pain and permanent impairment of pancreatic function. In chronic pancreatitis, areas of focal necrosis are typically associated with perilobular and intralobular fibrosis of the parenchyma, by stone formation in the pancreatic duct, and by the development of pseudocysts. Late in the course of the disease a progressive loss of endocrine and exocrine function occurs. In the past, chronic pancreatitis was considered to be mostly associated with chronic alcohol abuse. During the past 2 decades idiopathic chronic pancreatitis and, moreover, hereditary pancreatitis have been recognized as distinct disease entities. Usually the diagnosis is made by a combination of imaging procedures such as ultrasound and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and exocrine and endocrine function tests. Therapy is presently restricted to symptom control for the lack of a causal treatment strategy. Thirty to sixty percent of all patients develop disease-associated complications such as persistent pain, strictures of the common bile duct, or pancreatic duct stones that may require either endoscopic or surgical treatment. Chronic pancreatitis is a difficult condition to live with as well as to treat. Optimal care needs to be carried out in a multidisciplinary environment that can address both the physical and psychological aspects of the disease. It is commonly seen in alcohol-dependent individuals, but many other groups of individuals suffer with irreversible inflammatory destruction of the pancreas. Abdominal pain is the predominant feature and pain specialists are an important part of any pancreatic team. Exocrine and endocrine failure are addressed by appropriate nutrition with supplements and insulin, whilst the complications that are seen over time, may require a combination of endoscopic and surgical treatment. This clinical update has been designed to update the readers on the important aspects of CP. The book has stressed upon various aspects of the condition like the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and evaluation along with an insight into the management approach of the patient. Supportive case scenarios have also been incorporated with relevance to the topics covered under the book. Overall, the book presents to the readers an excellent compilation of clinically applicable literature sourced from the most acclaimed physicians in the country.
Download or read book ECAB Cholestatic Liver Disease E Book written by Prabha Sawant and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-12-11 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ECAB Cholestatic Liver Disease - E-Book
Download or read book Acute Cholecystitis written by Soumitra R. Eachempati and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text covers all aspects of the current diagnosis and treatment of acute cholecystitis. Different diagnostic tests are discussed as well as the preoperative evaluation needed to initiate treatment. Other sections include the management of acute cholecystitis in the critically ill and elderly patients, recent advances in operative strategies that have further altered the treatment of acute cholecystitis, and the utilization of routine intraoperative cholangiography and its relative merits. Primarily intended for general surgeons and residents training in general surgery, Acute Cholecystitis will also serve as a comprehensive reference material for other health care providers, including primary care providers, mid-level nurse practitioners, emergency room physicians and medical students.
Download or read book Liver and Biliary Tract Surgery written by Constantine C. Karaliotas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This beautifully illustrated monograph provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview about all fields of liver and biliary tract surgery and liver transplantation. It consists of four sections with 48 chapters: Section I: Anatomy, physiology, imaging and general principles, Section II: Biliary tract surgery, Section III: Liver surgery and Section IV: Liver transplantation. The book includes more than 500 figures and illustrations mostly in color. Some of the topics such as computer assisted surgery planning are treated comprehensively for the first time. The book is written in a concise and well conceived way.
Download or read book Sustainable Polymers from Biomass written by Chuanbing Tang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offering a unique perspective summarizing research on this timely important topic around the globe, this book provides comprehensive coverage of how molecular biomass can be transformed into sustainable polymers. It critically discusses and compares a few classes of biomass - oxygen-rich, hydrocarbon-rich, hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon (including carbon dioxide) as well as natural polymers - and equally includes products that are already commercialized. A must-have for both newcomers to the field as well as established researchers in both academia and industry.
Download or read book Anti aging Drugs written by Alexander M Vaiserman and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aging is a natural phenomenon that is peculiar to all living things. However, accumulating findings indicate that senescence could be postponed or prevented by certain approaches. Substantial evidence has emerged supporting the possibility of radical human health and lifespan extension, in particular through pharmacological modulation of aging. A number of natural dietary ingredients and synthetic drugs have been assumed to have geroprotective potential. In the development of anti-aging therapeutics, several cell, insect, and animal models may provide useful starting points prior to human studies. This book provides an overview of current research aimed to search for life-extending medications and describes pharmacological aspects of anti-aging medicine. Readers are introduced to the fascinating historical background of geroprotection in the first chapter. In-depth information on models for investigating geroprotective drugs precedes a section covering anti-aging properties of pharmaceutical compounds, such as calorie restriction mimetics, autophagy inducers, senolytics and mitochondrial antioxidants. Finally, strategies to translate discoveries from aging research into drugs and healthcare policy perspectives on anti-ageing medicine are provided to give a complete picture of the field. A timely and carefully edited collection of chapters by leading researchers in the field, this book will be a fascinating and useful resource for pharmacologists, gerontologists and any scientifically interested person wishing to know more about the current status of research into anti-aging remedies, challenges and opportunities.
Download or read book GI Surgery Annual written by Peush Sahni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-29 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 25th volume of this highly successful series covers a range of interesting topics, including biological therapy in inflammatory bowel disease, recent surgical approaches in rectal cancer, tumor markers in HPB and GI malignancies, bridging therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, adjuncts to liver resection, IgG-related HPB diseases, ERCP-induced perforations and superior mesenteric artery syndrome. As in the previous volumes, the chapter on advances in GI surgery reviews the important new developments in the field. The GI Surgery Annual 25th Volume provides up-to-date information on current hot topics.
Download or read book Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases written by P. Rutgeerts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-12-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease remain a great therapeutic challenge to the medical community. In recent years knowledge about the pathogenesis of these diseases has progressed rapidly but the cause of the diseases remains completely unknown. It has become clear that dysregulation of the mucosal immune system is the basis for the chronic evolution of the diseases in a genetically susceptible population. Exciting new therapeutic approaches have been attempted in the last couple of years and cytokine and anti-cytokine treatments in particular seem very promising, especially in intractable disease. The format of the Falk Symposium 106 on `Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', held in Brussels, Belgium, June 18-20, 1998, was somewhat innovative as each session attempted to link the new insights into pathogenetic mechanisms with new therapeutic approaches, resulting in optimal information transfer. The classic therapeutic schemes were updated with a special focus on step-wise build-up of therapy.
