Download or read book Caract risation et mod lisation num riques tridimensionnelles des r seaux de fractures naturelles written by Laëtitia Macé and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les fractures naturelles ont un impact considérable au sein d'un réservoir, que ce soit dans les domaines de l'ingénierie pétrolière et minière, ou de l'hydrogéologie. En effet, qu'elles soient conductrices ou barrières, elles contrôlent généralement les écoulements ainsi que les capacités de stockage des réservoirs. Ces travaux de thèse s'inscrivent au sein de la chaîne de modélisation numérique d'un réservoir naturellement fracturé, leurs objectifs étant de caractériser, puis de modéliser les fractures en trois dimensions. Les méthodologies proposées abordent successivement les premières étapes logiques de cette modélisation: 1. La caractérisation des fractures naturelles à partir de données structurales: les données tensorielles de déformation (résultant d'une modélisation génétique ou inverse) sont intégrées au sein d'une approche tridimensionnelle géomécanique et probabiliste afin de déterminer de nouveaux indicateurs structuraux de fracturation, notamment concernant son intensité et son orientation. La formulation mathématique adoptée prend également en compte les incertitudes sur les propriétés pétrophysiques des roches. 2. La modélisation numérique d'un réseau de fractures: une approche tridimensionnelle par réseau de fractures discrètes a été développée du fait de sa flexibilité et de son réalisme. Une simulation numérique stochastique offre la possibilité de modéliser tout type de réseau de fractures respectant des données de terrains et des contraintes géologiques prédéfinies (confinement aux couches, chronologie relative des fractures, etc.). 3. L'analyse de la connectivité de réseaux de fractures discrètes: une structure de type graphe reflète les relations de connectivité entre les fractures discrètes d'un réseau en trois dimensions. Différentes méthodologies d'analyse qualitative et quantitative de cette connectivité sont ensuite exposées, leur but étant d'améliorer la compréhension de l'impact de la fracturation sur les écoulements fluides
Download or read book Approche pseudo g n tique pour la simulation stochastique de la g om trie 3D de r seaux fractur s et karstiques written by Vincent Henrion and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les réseaux de fractures et les karsts constituent des discontinuités au sein de la roche qui affectent considérablement les écoulements de fluides, ce qui engendre des problèmes spécifiques dans divers domaines des géosciences. La problématique générale consiste à déterminer les caractéristiques géométriques et hydrauliques des réseaux de fractures ou de karsts. La caractérisation et la modélisation de ces structures se heurtent cependant à leur complexité géométrique et à leur distribution spatiale hétérogène. De plus, les observations et données directes concernant aussi bien les fractures et karsts que leur encaissant rocheux restent largement insuffisantes pour décrire avec certitudes leurs caractéristiques. Pour ces raisons, la modélisation de réseaux de fractures ou de karsts est le plus souvent réalisée dans un cadre probabiliste. Des simulations stochastiques de type objet ou pixel sont généralement mise en œuvre pour générer des modèles 3D de fractures ou karsts. Cependant les mécanismes sur lesquels repose ce type d'approche ne permet pas de reproduire toutes la complexité de ces objets naturels et fournit des modèles manquant de réalisme géologique.Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous proposons d'aborder la problématique de la modélisation des fractures et des karsts suivant une approche pseudo-génétique. Il s'agit de contraindre le processus de simulation stochastique de fractures et karsts par des règles géométriques et heuristiques qui imitent les processus physiques gouvernant leur formation. Deux méthodes poursuivant cet objectif ont été développées, l'une adressant la simulation des fractures et la seconde celle des karsts. Les modèles ainsi générés exposent des caractéristiques similaires à celles des réseaux de fractures et karsts naturels.
Download or read book Mod lisation num rique 3D de l coulement et des changes isotopiques dans des r seaux de fractures written by Catherine Savard and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book tude et mise en uvre d une m thode de sous domaines pour la mod lisation de l coulement dans des r seaux de fractures en 3D written by Baptiste Poirriez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les ressources souterraines fournissent une part importante de l’eau douce de notre planète. Notre travail s’inscrit dans une démarche de protection de cette ressource vitale par la modélisation et la simulation numérique. Couplée aux études de terrains, la simulation numérique est en effet un outil indispensable, du fait de l’incertitude sur le milieu géologique. Cette incertitude conduit à une approche stochastique. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur les écoulements dans les réseaux de fractures générés aléatoirement. Pour permettre la résolution de ces écoulements par une méthode d’éléments finis mixte hybride, nous avons élaboré un algorithme de maillage spécifique aux fractures. Cette technique permet de construire le système linéaire quelle que soit la géométrie du réseau généré. Nous avons ensuite effectué une étude comparative de trois solveurs linéaires : un solveur direct, un multigrille algébrique et un Gradient Conjugué Préconditionné. Cette étude nous a conduit à proposer une méthode de résolution plus efficace pour ce problème. Nous avons alors étudié une méthode de décomposition de domaine de type Schur, qui permet d’allier les avantages du solveur direct et du Gradient Conjugué Préconditionné. Cette méthode consiste à réduire le problème à un problème aux interfaces, par une définition naturelle des fractures, ou paquets de fractures, comme sous-domaines. Nous avons proposé une approche originale d’optimisation de l’algorithme et un préconditionnement global de type déflation. Notre implémentation de cette méthode est compétitive. Elle permet de résoudre tous les cas tests étudiés et elle est plus rapide, dans la majorité des cas, que les trois autres solveurs.
Download or read book Flow and Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock written by Jacob Bear and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past two or three decades, fractured rock domains have received increasing attention not only in reservoir engineering and hydrology, but also in connection with geological isolation of radioactive waste. Locations in both the saturated and unsaturated zones have been under consideration because such repositories are sources of heat and potential sources of groundwater contamination. Thus, in addition to the transport of mass of fluid phases in single and multiphase flow, the issues of heat transport and mass transport of components have to be addressed.
Download or read book Revue de l Institut fran ais du p trole written by Institut français du pétrole and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Terra 2008 written by Leslie Rainer and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-14 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Download or read book Petrochronology written by Matthew J. Kohn and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.
Download or read book Sustainability written by Rao Y. Surampalli and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive resource to sustainability and its application to the environmental, industrial, agricultural and food security sectors Sustainability fills a gap in the literature in order to provide an important guide to the fundamental knowledge and practical applications of sustainability in a wide variety of areas. The authors – noted experts who represent a number of sustainability fields – bring together in one comprehensive volume the broad range of topics including basic concepts, impact assessment, environmental and the socio-economic aspects of sustainability. In addition, the book covers applications of sustainability in environmental, industrial, agricultural and food security, as well as carbon cycle and infrastructural aspects. Sustainability addresses the challenges the global community is facing due to population growth, depletion of non-renewable resources of energy, environmental degradation, poverty, excessive generation of wastes and more. Throughout the book the authors discuss the economics, ecological, social, technological and systems perspectives of sustainability. This important resource: • Explores the fundamentals as well as the key concepts of sustainability; • Covers basic concepts, impact assessment, environmental and socio-economic aspects, applications of sustainability in environmental, industrial, agricultural and food security, carbon cycle and infrastructural aspects; • Argues the essentiality of sustainability in ensuring the propitious future of earth systems; and • Authored by experts from a range of various fields related to sustainability. Written for researchers and scientists, students and academics, Sustainability: Fundamentals and Applications is a comprehensive book that covers the basic knowledge of the topic combined with practical applications.
Download or read book Acoustics of Porous Media written by Thierry Bourbié and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 1987 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Groundwater Dynamics in Hard Rock Aquifers written by Shakeel Ahmed and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-18 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the results and findings of the advanced research carried out in a pilot area with a thorough investigation of the structure and functioning of an aquifer in a granitic formation. It characterizes the hard rock aquifer system and examines its properties and behavior as well as systematically details the geophysical, geological and remote sensing applications to conceptualize such an aquifer system.
Download or read book Mechanics of Porous Media written by Philippe Charlez and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents the lecture notes of the 1994 Mechanics of Porous Media Summer School. Chapters cover theoretical basics, methods for measuring poroelastic coefficients, numerical implementation and applications.
Download or read book Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions written by Eric Servat and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Orogenic Andesites and Plate Tectonics written by J. B. Gill and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Students of a phenomenon as common but complex as andesite genesis often are overwhelmed by, or overlook, the volume and diversity of relevant information. Thus there is need for periodic overview even in the absence of a dramatic breakthrough which "solves the andesite problem" and even though new ideas and data keep the issues in a state of flux. Thus I have summarized the subject through mid·1980 from my perspective to help clarify the long-standing problem and to identify profitable areas for future research. Overviews are more easily justified than achieved and there are fundamental differences of opinion concerning how to go about them. It is professionally dangerous and therefore uncom mon for single authors, especially those under 35 such as I, to summarize a broad, active field of science in book-length thor oughness. Review articles in journals, multi-authored books, or symposia proceedings appear instead. The single-authored approach is intimidating in scale and can result in loss of thoroughness or authority on individual topics. The alternatives lack scope or integration or both.
Download or read book The Biology of Chameleons written by Krystal A. Tolley and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2013-11-16 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: They change color depending on their mood. They possess uniquely adapted hands and feet distinct from other tetrapods. They feature independently movable eyes. This comprehensive volume delves into these fascinating details and thorough research about one of the most charismatic families of reptilesÑChameleonidae. Written for professional herpetologists, scholars, researchers, and students, this book takes readers on a voyage across time to discover everything that is known about chameleon biology: anatomy, physiology, adaptations, ecology, behavior, biogeography, phylogeny, classification, and conservation. A description of the natural history of chameleons is given, along with the fossil record and typical characteristics of each genus. The state of chameleons in the modern world is also depicted, complete with new information on the most serious threats to these remarkable reptiles.
Download or read book Submarine Mass Movements and Their Consequences written by Vasilios Lykousis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from leading researchers in science and engineering, this book provides a global perspective on submarine mass movements and their consequences. Authors report on new findings from fundamental as well as site-specific studies from around the world. All studies relied on the most recent technologies, including multi-beam sonar imaging techniques, 3D seismic analysis, slope stability analysis, debris flow, and tsunami modeling.
