Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium sulfide copper sulfide heterojunction cell research written by Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition Quarterly Technical Progress Report March 1 1981 June 30 1981 written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A second series of hybrid cells with sputter-deposited Cu2S layers has been fabricated. An efficiency of about 4 3/4%, without antireflection coating, was achieved for one of the cells. This result approaches the 5 3/4% which was achieved in the first set (different Cu2S deposition conditions) and confirms the viability of the sputtering process for this application. Significant progress has been made in fabricating all-sputtered cells with CdS layers deposited by planar magnetron reactive sputtering. Efficiencies of approximately 3%, without antireflection coatings, have been achieved in the as-deposited state for seven cells. Individual cells have yielded a J/sub sc/ of 12 mA/cm2, a V/sub oc/ of 0.53V, and a fill factor of 0.72. Taken together these parameters would yield an efficiency of 4 1/2%. A strong coupling is found between the properties of the Cu2S and CdS layers. However, the conditions which maximize J/sub sc/, V/sub oc/ and the fill factor do not appear to be mutually exclusive. Reflectance measurements indicate that 30% or more of the incident radiation is being reflected from the front surface of the cells over the wavelength range of the solar spectrum. Thus optimization of the cell parameters with a suitable antireflection coating should yield cell efficiencies of about 6%. Characterization of the junctions formed in the all-sputtered cells under near-optimum deposition conditions indicates that they have remarkable properties in their as-deposited state, being very similar to high performance conventional cells after heat treatment. Junction ideality factors are about unity in the light, with J0 values of about 2 x 10−8 mA/cm2. Interface recombination velocities are as low as a few times 105 cm/sec. CdS depletion layer widths are about 2000 nm in the dark and collapse to about 200 nm under illumination.
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research written by Lockheed Missiles and Space Company and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research written by Lockheed Missiles and Space Company and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research by Sputter Deposition written by John A. Thornton and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research Quarterly Technical Progress Report February 26 May 31 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All-vacuum sputter deposited heterojunction solar cells of the CdS/Cu2S and Cd/sub 1-x/Zn/sub x/S/Cu2S types have been fabricated on glass substrates by dc reactive sputtering using cylindrical-post magnetron sputtering sources and Ar-H2S working gases. The rear electrode is Nb. The top grid electrode is Au sputter deposited through a mechanical mask. Preliminary measurements on nonoptimized cells have yielded efficiencies of about 0.4% with short circuit currents of about 3 mA/cm2, open circuit voltages of about 0.35V and fill factors of about 0.37. Extensive modifications are being made to the deposition apparatus which will permit greater control over the process variables and optimization of the cells. A series of experiments are reported which indicated that at the high deposition temperatures used for the Cd(Zn)S deposition (approx. 300°C), an electrically active impurity, capable of influencing both the series resistance and the junction behavior of the cells, may pass from the Nb into the Cd(Zn)S.
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research Final Report February 26 1979 July 15 1980 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive modifications were made to the multi-source deposition apparatus. These include the installation of a larger vacuum chamber on the existing system. The new chamber provides improved inter-source shielding, an improved substrate mounting and heating system, and a vacuum interlock for introducing substrates. CdS resistivity control by both In doping and off-stoichiometric deposition has been investigated. Indium doping has been achieved both by diffusion from a pre-deposited In layer and by using In doped sputtering targets. Resistivities in the range 0.1 to 5 .cap omega.-cm have been obtained for target doping levels of from 0.1 to 1 at. percent of In. These resistivities were found to be critically dependent on the H2S injection rate, apparently because of compensation by Cd vacancies. Off-stoichiometry CdS coatings with solar-illuminated resistivities of about 102 .cap omega.-cm have been deposited, using a cyclic reactive sputtering process were the H2S injection is periodically switched on and off. The Cu3 deposition process was found to be sensitive to the period of cathode operation prior to coating deposition, probably because of the conditioning of cathode and shield surfaces. All-sputter-deposited Cd(Zn)S/Cu2S cells, with Cd(Zn)S layers deposited using a Cd-0.10 Zn target doped with 2 atomic percent In, have yielded efficiencies of approx. 0.4%. All-sputtered cells with efficiencies of approx. 0.6% have been fabricated, using undoped CdS deposited by the pulse injection process. Efficiencies of approx. 1.2% have been achieved for cells with undoped sputter-deposited CdS and CuCl dry processed Cu2S.
Download or read book Cadmium sulfide copper sulfide heterojunction cell research written by Westinghouse Electric Corporation. Research & Development Center and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium Sulfide copper Sulfide Heterojunction Cell Research Quarterly Technical Progress Report October 1 December 31 1979 written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive modifications to the multi-source reactive sputtering deposition apparatus, including the installation of a larger vacuum chamber on the existing pumping system, have been completed. The new chamber provides improved inter-source shielding, an improved substrate mounting and heating system, and a vacuum interlock for introducing substrates. The investigation of CdS resistivity control by In doping has been continued. It has been established that the resistivity of CdS coatings deposited from an In doped target by reactive sputtering in an Ar - H2S working gas is very sensitive to the H2S injection rate. Thus coatings varying in resistivity from 103 .cap omega.-cm to 10−1 .cap omega.-cm were deposited from a target doped with 1 at. % In as the H2S injection rate was varied by only 25%. Microprobe analysis confirmed that the In content in the coatings was identical to that in the target. The resistivity variations are believed to result from variations in the Cd vacancy level and the associated vacancy acceptor compensation of the In donors. The sputter-deposited solar cells fabricated thus far are characterized by a low short circuit current. Cell current-voltage characteristics and capacitance-voltage measurements under solar illumination indicate that the cause is a poor junction collection efficiency due primarily to a low junction electric field in the heat-treated cells.
Download or read book Cadmium sulfide copper sulfide heterojunction cell research written by Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cadmium sulfide copper sulfide heterojunction cell research written by Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
