Download or read book Busted Sanctions written by Bryan R. Early and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Powerful countries like the United States regularly employ economic sanctions as a tool for promoting their foreign policy interests. Yet this foreign policy tool has an uninspiring track record of success, with economic sanctions achieving their goals less than a third of the time they are imposed. The costs of these failed sanctions policies can be significant for the states that impose them, their targets, and the other countries they affect. Explaining economic sanctions' high failure rate therefore constitutes a vital endeavor for academics and policy-makers alike. Busted Sanctions seeks to provide this explanation, and reveals that the primary cause of this failure is third-party spoilers, or sanctions busters, who undercut sanctioning efforts by providing their targets with extensive foreign aid or sanctions-busting trade. In quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing over 60 years of U.S. economic sanctions, Bryan Early reveals that both types of third-party sanctions busters have played a major role in undermining U.S. economic sanctions. Surprisingly, his analysis also reveals that the United States' closest allies are often its sanctions' worst enemies. The book offers the first comprehensive explanation for why different types of sanctions busting occur and reveals the devastating effects it has on economic sanctions' chances of success.
Download or read book Busted Sanctions written by Bryan Early and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Powerful countries like the United States regularly employ economic sanctions as a tool for promoting their foreign policy interests. Yet this foreign policy tool has an uninspiring track record of success, with economic sanctions achieving their goals less than a third of the time they are imposed. The costs of these failed sanctions policies can be significant for the states that impose them, their targets, and the other countries they affect. Explaining economic sanctions' high failure rate therefore constitutes a vital endeavor for academics and policy-makers alike. Busted Sanctions seeks to provide this explanation, and reveals that the primary cause of this failure is third-party spoilers, or sanctions busters, who undercut sanctioning efforts by providing their targets with extensive foreign aid or sanctions-busting trade. In quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing over 60 years of U.S. economic sanctions, Bryan Early reveals that both types of third-party sanctions busters have played a major role in undermining U.S. economic sanctions. Surprisingly, his analysis also reveals that the United States' closest allies are often its sanctions' worst enemies. The book offers the first comprehensive explanation for why different types of sanctions busting occur and reveals the devastating effects it has on economic sanctions' chances of success.
Download or read book Coercive Diplomacy Sanctions and International Law written by Natalino Ronzitti and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores sanctions as instruments of coercive diplomacy, delving into a number of theoretical arguments and combining different perspectives from international law and international relations scholars and practitioners.
Download or read book The Sanctions Paradox written by Daniel W. Drezner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-08-26 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite their increasing importance, there is little theoretical understanding of why nation-states initiate economic sanctions, or what determines their success. This book argues that both imposers and targets of economic coercion incorporate expectations of future conflict as well as the short-run opportunity costs of coercion into their behaviour. Drezner argues that conflict expectations have a paradoxical effect. Adversaries will impose sanctions frequently, but rarely secure concessions. Allies will be reluctant to use coercion, but once sanctions are used, they can result in significant concessions. Ironically, the most favourable distribution of payoffs is likely to result when the imposer cares the least about its reputation or the distribution of gains. The book's argument is pursued using game theory and statistical analysis, and detailed case studies of Russia's relations with newly-independent states, and US efforts to halt nuclear proliferation on the Korean peninsula.--Publisher description.
Download or read book Economic Warfare written by R. T. Naylor and published by UPNE. This book was released on 2001 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eye-opening account of the futility of forcing political change through economic pressure describes countless cases in which economic warfare repeatedly failed to achieve its stated goals and actually caused substantial harm to innocent populations.
Download or read book Sanctions written by Bruce W. Jentleson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-27 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Even before the extensive sanctions imposed on Russia for its 2022 invasion of Ukraine, it was hard to browse the news without seeing reports of yet another set of sanctions. The United States has sanctions against over 30 countries as well as drug traffickers, terrorist organizations and specially designated individuals. China long has been a target of sanctions and in recent years increasingly a wielder against countries and companies even organizations like the National Basketball Association (NBA). Russia also has been sanctions sender as well as target. The European Union has joined some of the American sanctions as well as imposing its own. In some cases the United Nations has authorized fully multilateral sanctions. While being used more frequently in recent years sanctions go back decades, indeed centuries, to such cases as the 432 BC Athens against Sparta and Napoleon's 1808-1814 Continental System. Given such frequency of use, you'd think sanctions were a sure-fire weapon. Yet the record is quite mixed. So some initial puzzles: Why are economic sanctions used so much? What are the key factors affecting their success? These and related questions are well suited for an Oxford University Press What Everyone Needs to Know book. They long have been important among international relations scholars, spanning international security and international political economy subfields. And with sanctions such a recurring foreign policy strategy, they are crucial for policy makers. As someone who has both studied sanctions as a scholar and worked on these issues while serving in key U.S. foreign policy positions, Bruce W. Jentleson is well suited to provide analysis valuable for students, scholars and practitioners"--
Download or read book Economic and Financial Sanctions of the United States written by Caf Dowlah and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the legal statutes, executive orders, and judicial interpretations of US economic and financial sanctions.
Download or read book The Art of Sanctions written by Richard Nephew and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nations and international organizations are increasingly using sanctions as a means to achieve their foreign policy aims. However, sanctions are ineffective if they are executed without a clear strategy responsive to the nature and changing behavior of the target. In The Art of Sanctions, Richard Nephew offers a much-needed practical framework for planning and applying sanctions that focuses not just on the initial sanctions strategy but also, crucially, on how to calibrate along the way and how to decide when sanctions have achieved maximum effectiveness. Nephew—a leader in the design and implementation of sanctions on Iran—develops guidelines for interpreting targets’ responses to sanctions based on two critical factors: pain and resolve. The efficacy of sanctions lies in the application of pain against a target, but targets may have significant resolve to resist, tolerate, or overcome this pain. Understanding the interplay of pain and resolve is central to using sanctions both successfully and humanely. With attention to these two key variables, and to how they change over the course of a sanctions regime, policy makers can pinpoint when diplomatic intervention is likely to succeed or when escalation is necessary. Focusing on lessons learned from sanctions on both Iran and Iraq, Nephew provides policymakers with practical guidance on how to measure and respond to pain and resolve in the service of strong and successful sanctions regimes.
Download or read book Research Handbook on Economic Sanctions written by van Bergeijk, Peter A.G. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter van Bergeijk brings together 40 leading experts from all continents to analyze state-of-the-art data covering the sharp increase in (smart) sanctions in the last decade. Original chapters provide detailed analyses on the determinants of sanction success and failure, complemented with research on the impact of sanctions.
Download or read book Fixing Broken Windows written by George L. Kelling and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cites successful examples of community-based policing.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Sanctions written by Ksenia Kirkham and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of the Political Economy of Sanctions examines the core issues and debates surrounding this controversial topic, introducing readers to essential concepts and terms. It communicates the evolving character of international sanctions from diverse perspectives, with a particular emphasis on questions of efficacy, legality, and legitimacy of sanctions, as well as the mechanisms by which they are applied. This interdisciplinary book explores the international political economy of sanctions in the constantly changing context of geopolitical rivalry. The authors investigate various theoretical and historical approaches to sanctions and apply these to specific case studies, such as the African Union, China, Cuba, India, Russia, Turkey, and the United States. The book gives a voice to sanctioned states and considers the impact of secondary sanctions. It analyses sanctions with reference to wider political debates such as national security, state sovereignty, economic warfare, and sustainability. This handbook will be of immense interest to students, researchers, and scholars in the fields of political economy, international sanctions, political science, international relations, and foreign policy. It will also be useful for all those employed by political institutions, businesses, and nongovernmental organisations when assessing current sanctions regimes.
Download or read book How Sanctions Work written by Narges Bajoghli and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sanctions have enormous consequences. Especially when imposed by a country with the economic influence of the United States, sanctions induce clear shockwaves in both the economy and political culture of the targeted state, and in the everyday lives of citizens. But do economic sanctions induce the behavioral changes intended? Do sanctions work in the way they should? To answer these questions, the authors of How Sanctions Work highlight Iran, the most sanctioned country in the world. Comprehensive sanctions are meant to induce uprisings or pressures to change the behavior of the ruling establishment, or to weaken its hold on power. But, after four decades, the case of Iran shows the opposite to be true: sanctions strengthened the Iranian state, impoverished its population, increased state repression, and escalated Iran's military posture toward the U.S. and its allies in the region. Instead of offering an 'alternative to war,' sanctions have become a cause of war. Consequently, How Sanctions Work reveals how necessary it is to understand how sanctions really work.
Download or read book Tourism Sanctions and Boycotts written by Siamak Seyfi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to provide a comprehensive account of sanctions and boycotts in tourism and the economic and ethical complexities that policy makers, tourists, tourism destinations, and businesses face. Sanctions and boycotts are an important feature of the global tourism system and the emerging ethics of tourism. Sanctions and embargoes are increasingly used as coercive instruments of diplomacy and foreign policy by the United Nations, supranational organizations, the US, and other nations to change the actions and behaviors of countries, organizations, businesses, and individuals. At the same time, boycotts and buycotts are a growing feature of political consumerism and interest group activism. Tourism and hospitality destinations, attractions, and businesses can be profoundly affected by this, with the legacy of a negative image lasting for decades. International travel to some destinations may be severely restricted, financial investment and supply chains disrupted, and, in the most comprehensive sanctions and boycotts, substantial economic and personal hardship may be experienced. This book is of interest not only to policy makers, destination management and marketing organizations, and students of crisis and politics in tourism and hospitality but also those who seek to address the interrelationships between sanctions, tourism destinations and attractions, and the tourists who boycott them.
Download or read book Planet in Peril Planetary Dangers Planetary Solutions written by Michael D. Bess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-10-13 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an award-winning historian of science and technology, Planet in Peril describes the top four mega-dangers facing humankind – climate change, nukes, pandemics, and artificial intelligence. It outlines the solutions that have been tried, and analyzes why they have thus far fallen short. These four existential dangers present a special kind of challenge that urgently requires planet-level responses, yet today's international institutions have so far failed to meet this need. The book lays out a realistic pathway for gradually modifying the United Nations over the coming century so that it can become more effective at coordinating global solutions to humanity's problems. Neither optimistic nor pessimistic, but pragmatic and constructive, the book explores how to move past ideological polarization and global political fragmentation. Unafraid to take intellectual risks, Planet in Peril sketches a plausible roadmap toward a safer, more democratic future for us all.
Download or read book Planet in Peril written by Michael D. Bess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-10-13 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploration of the top four mega-dangers facing humankind and plots a hopeful path to dealing with them through global governance.
Download or read book China s Strategic Multilateralism written by Scott L. Kastner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying insights from cutting-edge theories of international cooperation, this study brings new understanding to China's approach to contemporary global challenges.
Download or read book A Different Kind of War written by Graf Hans-Christof Sponeck and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2006-10 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ""In this sober and impressive study, Sponeck reminds us of the provisions of the Hague Convention of 1907 that bar any penalty inflicted on people for actions for which they are not responsible...he demonstrates with care and precision that the UN Security Council...radically violated these minimal conditions of civilized behavior in their sanctions program directed against the tortured population of Iraq...It is necessary reading...And immensely sad"". - Noam Chomsky ""This is one of the most important books I can remember. Hans von Sponeck, one of the UN's most senior and respected officials, who resigned rather than carry out inhuman US Administration-driven policies against the ordinary people of Iraq, has blown the whistle on one of the greatest acts of aggression...you will understand the danger the world faces from an imperialist power."" - John Pilger H. C. von Sponeck, the former "UN Humanitarian Coordinator for Iraq," explores the UN's sanction policies against Iraq, their consequences, and the domestic conditions during this period. His extensive research is based on previously unpublished internal UN documents and discussions with UN decision makers (such as General Secretary Kofi Annan), Iraqi officials and politicians (including Saddam Hussein), and ordinary Iraqis. The author's findings question who really benefited from the program, what role the UN Security Council and its various member states played, and whether there were then and are today alternatives to the UN's Iraq policies. H. C. von Sponeck worked for the United Nations for more than 30 years and in 1998 was appointed UN Assistant Secretary General. During his service he worked for the UN Development program in Ghana, Turkey, Botswana, Pakistan and India. Since his resignation he has served as a member of the board of trustees of various non-governmental organizations, as an adviser for multilateral issues, and as a consultant for personnel development in international organizations.
