Download or read book Video Encoding by the Numbers written by Jan Lee Ozer and published by Doceo Publishing. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video Encoding by the Numbers helps readers optimize the quality and efficiency of their streaming video by objectively detailing the impact of critical configuration options with industry-standard quality metrics like PSNR and SSIMplus. This takes the guesswork out of most encoding decisions and allows readers to achieve the optimal quality/data rate tradeoff. In addition, readers learn how to use tools like the Moscow University Video Quality Measurement tool, SSIMWave Quality of Experience Monitor, and FFmpeg to perform similar quality tests on their own videos. Because all videos encode differently, the tests detailed in the book involve eight different videos, including movie footage, animations, talking head footage, a music video, and Powerpoint and Camtasia-based videos. Readers first learn how to determine the ideal data rate for their videos at different resolutions. Then the book covers configuration options like bitrate control (CBR, VBR) that impacts quality and deliverability, and I-Frame, B-Frame, and reference frame decisions that impact quality and encoding time. The next three chapters focus on codec-specific configurations like Profile and preset for H.264 and HEVC, and the various configuration options available for Google's VP9. Next the book details how to choose an adaptive bitrate (ABR) technology, how to create an encoding ladder, and the most efficient ways to encode and package video into different ABR formats. Working off the groundbreaking work by Netflix and YouTube, the final chapter teaches the reader how a use per-title encoding with their own videos to create the ideal encoding ladder for each video in their library. Each chapter concludes with a section detailing how to configure the options discussed with FFmpeg, a preferred tool for high-volume video producers, including packaging into HLS and DASH formats (the latter with MP4Box). Overall readers learn how to optimally configure their encoding ladders and how to produce their videos with FFmpeg.

Download or read book Buffering Techniques for Delivery of Compressed Video in Video on Demand Systems written by Wu-Chi Feng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-26 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many emerging technologies such as video conferencing, video-on-demand, and digital libraries require the efficient delivery of compressed video streams. For applications that require the delivery of compressed stored multimedia streams, the a priori knowledge available about these compressed streams can aid in the allocation of server and network resources. By using a client-side buffer, the resource requirements from the server and network can be minimized. Buffering Techniques for Delivery of Compressed Video in Video-on-Demand Systems presents a comprehensive description of buffering techniques for the delivery of compressed, prerecorded multimedia data. While these techniques can be applied to any compressed data streams, this book focusses primarily on the delivery of video streams because of the large resource requirements that they can consume. The book first describes buffering techniques for the continuous playback of stored video sources. In particular, several bandwidth smoothing (or buffering) algorithms that are provably optimal under certain conditions are presented. To provide a well-rounded discussion, the book then describes extensions that aid in the ability to provide interactive delivery of video across networks. Specifically, reservation techniques that take into account interactive functions such as fast-forward and rewind are described. In addition, extensions to the bandwidth smoothing algorithms presented in the first few chapters are described. These algorithms are designed with interactive, continuous playback of stored video in mind and are also provably optimal under certain constraints. Buffering Techniques for Delivery of Compressed Video in Video-on-Demand Systems serves as an excellent resource for multimedia systems, networking and video-on-demand designers, and may be used as a text for advanced courses on the topic.

Download or read book Buffering in Video Streaming written by Sahel Mastoureshgh and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-06 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video streaming has become increasingly popular with commercial video streaming applications such as YouTube accounting for a large quantity of Internet traffic. While streaming video is sensitive to bandwidth jitter, a receiver buffer can ameliorate the effects of jitter by adjusting to the difference between the transmission rate and the playback rate. Unfortunately, there are few studies to determine the best size of the receiver buffer for TCP streaming. In this work, we investigate how the buffer size of video streaming applications changes with respect to variation in bandwidth. We model the video streaming system over TCP using simulation to develop our buffering algorithm. We propose using a dynamic client buffer size based on measured bandwidth variation to achieve fewer interruptions in video streaming playback.

Download or read book Towards a Small Buffering Delay in Adaptive Video Streaming written by Yongtao Shuai and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Standard C IOStreams and Locales written by Angelika Langer and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2000 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard C++ provides a foundation for creating new, improved, and more powerful C++ components. IOStreams and locales are two such major components for text internationalization. As critical as these two APIs are, however, there are few resources devoted to explaining them. "Standard C++ IOStreams and Locales" fills this informational gap. It provides a comprehensive description of, and reference to, the iostreams and locales classes, showing how to put them to use and offering advanced information on customizing and extending their basic operation. Written by two experts involved with the development of the standard, this book reveals the rationale behind the design of the APIs and points out their potential pitfalls. This book serves as both a guide and a reference to C++ components. Part I explains iostreams, what they are, how they are used, their underlying architectural concepts, and the techniques for extending the iostream framework. Part II introduces internationalization and shows you how to adapt your program to local conventions. Readers seeking an initial overview of the problem domain will find an explanation of what internationalization and localization are, how they are related, and how they differ. With examples, the authors show the differences among cultural conventions, how C++ locales can be used to address such differences, and how locale framework can be extended to handle further, nonstandard cultural conventions. "Standard C++ IOStreams and Locales" Explains formatting and error indication features of iostreams in detail Describes underlying concepts of the iostreams framework Demonstrates implementation of i/o operations for user-defined types Shows techniques for implementing extended stream and stream buffer classes Introduces internationalization Explains how to use standard features for internationalization Demonstrates techniques for implementation of user-defined internationalization services IOStreams and locales serve as a foundation library that provides a number of ready-to-use interfaces, as well as frameworks that can be customized and extended. The class reference to C++ IOStreams and locales completes this comprehensive resource, which belongs in the libraries of all intermediate and advanced C++ programmers. 0201183951B04062001

Download or read book Using Network Flow Buffering to Improve Performance of Video Over HTTP written by Jesse Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We introduce the notion of network flow buffering for direct HTTP streaming of web-based video clips, making it a more viable alternative to specialized streaming protocols, and in some cases making it a superior approach. A network flow buffer is simply a remote buffer that is dynamically deployed between a Web client and server, and that actively or passively regulates the flow of streaming video data. Network flow buffering is a simple approach to improving the performance of Web-based streaming video by buffering at a location where it can operate more effectively, providing benefits such as supplementing client buffering capacity, smoothing differences between WAN and LAN bandwidths, regulating data flow to a client, and supporting personalized caching to improve restart times. Network flow buffering is easily implemented as a Customizer in a middleware architecture we have developed (and reported on in WWW02) called the Web Stream Customizer Architecture (WSCA). The WSCA has a number of desirable features for supporting network flow buffering, including the dynamic deployment and relocation of software intermediaries between clients and servers that allow them to customize Web transactions, an extended usage model that supports customization of HTTP streaming and non-HTTP communication, and two points of control (one at the intermediary and one at or near the client) which can be used to supply feedback on conditions at the client to improve a network flow buffer's performance.

Download or read book UNIX Filesystems written by Steve D. Pate and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-02-03 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Das erste Buch, das sich UNIX Filesystemen widmet und dabei alle Versionen von UNIX und Linux Dateisystemen behandelt. Die meisten Fortune 1000 Unternehmen benutzen noch immer UNIX für ihre Mission Critical Daten und verwenden oft gleichzeitig Windows für nicht kritische Daten. "UNIX Filesystems" enthält mehr Details zu I/O-Dateiaspekten bei der UNIX Programmierung als jedes andere Buch auf dem Markt. Es diskutiert darüber hinaus auch performance- und adminstrationsbezogene Themen, die sich auf Backup Technologien konzentrieren. Mit VERITAS und OpenVision Beispielen.

Download or read book Excess Spoil Minimization Stream Buffer Zones Proposed Rule written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Coal Mining and Reclamation Operations Permanent Regulatory Program Stream Buffer Zones and Fish Wildlife and Related Environmental Values Final Rule written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment written by W. Richard Stevens and published by Addison-Wesley. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than twenty years, serious C programmers have relied on one book for practical, in-depth knowledge of the programming interfaces that drive the UNIX and Linux kernels: W. Richard Stevens’ Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment. Now, once again, Rich’s colleague Steve Rago has thoroughly updated this classic work. The new third edition supports today’s leading platforms, reflects new technical advances and best practices, and aligns with Version 4 of the Single UNIX Specification. Steve carefully retains the spirit and approach that have made this book so valuable. Building on Rich’s pioneering work, he begins with files, directories, and processes, carefully laying the groundwork for more advanced techniques, such as signal handling and terminal I/O. He also thoroughly covers threads and multithreaded programming, and socket-based IPC. This edition covers more than seventy new interfaces, including POSIX asynchronous I/O, spin locks, barriers, and POSIX semaphores. Most obsolete interfaces have been removed, except for a few that are ubiquitous. Nearly all examples have been tested on four modern platforms: Solaris 10, Mac OS X version 10.6.8 (Darwin 10.8.0), FreeBSD 8.0, and Ubuntu version 12.04 (based on Linux 3.2). As in previous editions, you’ll learn through examples, including more than ten thousand lines of downloadable, ISO C source code. More than four hundred system calls and functions are demonstrated with concise, complete programs that clearly illustrate their usage, arguments, and return values. To tie together what you’ve learned, the book presents several chapter-length case studies, each reflecting contemporary environments. Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment has helped generations of programmers write code with exceptional power, performance, and reliability. Now updated for today’s systems, this third edition will be even more valuable.

Download or read book Scalable Continuous Media Streaming Systems written by Jack Lee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous media streaming systems will shape the future of information infrastructure. The challenge is to design systems and networks capable of supporting millions of concurrent users. Key to this is the integration of fault-tolerant mechanisms to prevent individual component failures from disrupting systems operations. These are just some of the hurdles that need to be overcome before large-scale continuous media services such as video-on-demand can be deployed with maximum efficiency. The author places the subject in context, drawing together findings from the past decade of research whilst examining the technology’s present status and its future potential. The approach adopted is comprehensive, covering topics – notably the scalability and fault-tolerance issues - that previously have not been treated in depth. Provides an accessible introduction to the technology, presenting the basic principles for media streaming system design, focusing on the need for the correct and timely delivery of data. Explores the use of parallel server architectures to tackle the two key challenges of scalability and fault-tolerance. Investigates the use of network multicast streaming algorithms to further increase the scalability of very-large-scale media streaming systems. Illustrates all findings using real-world examples and case studies gleaned from cutting-edge worldwide research. Combining theory and practice, this book will appeal to industry specialists working in content distribution in general and continuous media streaming in particular. The introductory materials and basic building blocks complemented by amply illustrated, more advanced coverage provide essential reading for senior undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in these fields.

Download or read book Buffer Strips for Riparian Zone Management a Literature Review written by United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. New England Division and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Linux System Programming written by Robert Love and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2013-05-14 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UNIX, UNIX LINUX & UNIX TCL/TK. Write software that makes the most effective use of the Linux system, including the kernel and core system libraries. The majority of both Unix and Linux code is still written at the system level, and this book helps you focus on everything above the kernel, where applications such as Apache, bash, cp, vim, Emacs, gcc, gdb, glibc, ls, mv, and X exist. Written primarily for engineers looking to program at the low level, this updated edition of Linux System Programming gives you an understanding of core internals that makes for better code, no matter where it appears in the stack. -- Provided by publisher.

Download or read book Java Input output written by Elliotte Rusty Harold and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 1999 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate programmers can refer to this guide to gain a solid understanding of text formatting in an object-oriented language. "Java I/O" explores streams, which provide simple ways to read and write data of different types, and shows how to control number formatting, use characters aside from the standard (but outdated) ASCII character set, and get a head start on writing truly multi-lingual software.

Download or read book Streaming Media Bible written by Steve Mack and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2002-05-20 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Streaming Media Bible is the authoritative and comprehensive guide for producing professional-quality streaming media over the Internet. It provides an overview of what streaming media is, how it can be used and the tools and software programs available to consumers and businesses alike. It covers all aspects of streaming media, from the capturing, creation and optimization of source media files, to encoding and serving files over sites using the primary available technologies. Throughout the book, the streaming process is dissected and separated into its component pieces: original media creation, encoding, and serving. All three major streaming media systems (RealNetworks' RealSystem, Apple QuickTime and Microsoft Windows Media) are covered. ABOUT THE CD-ROM Includes a cross-platform CD-ROM with software and examples: RealPlayer, RealProducer, RealServerBasic Windows Media Technologies, Windows Media Player 8, Windows Media On Demand Encoder, Apple QuickTime Player, QuickTime Encoder, SoundForge XP or CoolEdit, sample audio clips, sample video clips, video tutorials, and sample code libraries.

Download or read book INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY written by RAJARAMAN, V. and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2018-01-01 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: his textbook is designed to teach a first course in Information Technology (IT) to all undergraduate students. In view of the all-pervasive nature of IT in today’s world a decision has been taken by many universities to introduce IT as a compulsory core course to all Bachelor’s degree students regardless of their specialisation. This book is intended for such a course. The approach taken in this book is to emphasize the fundamental “Science” of Information Technology rather than a cook book of skills. Skills can be learnt easily by practice with a computer and by using instructions given in simple web lessons that have been cited in the References. The book defines Information Technology as the technology that is used to acquire, store, organize, process and disseminate processed data, namely, information. The unique aspect of the book is to examine processing all types of data: numbers, text, images, audio and video data. As IT is a rapidly changing field, we have taken the approach to emphasize reasonably stable, fundamental concepts on which the technology is built. A unique feature of the book is the discussion of topics such as image, audio and video compression technologies from first principles. We have also described the latest technologies such as ‘e-wallets’ and ‘cloud computing’. The book is suitable for all Bachelor’s degree students in Science, Arts, Computer Applications, and Commerce. It is also useful for general reading to learn about IT and its latest trends. Those who are curious to know, the principles used to design jpg, mp3 and mpeg4 compression, the image formats—bmp, tiff, gif, png, and jpg, search engines, payment systems such as BHIM and Paytm, and cloud computing, to mention a few of the technologies discussed, will find this book useful. KEY FEATURES • Provides comprehensive coverage of all basic concepts of IT from first principles • Explains acquisition, compression, storage, organization, processing and dis-semination of multimedia data • Simple explanation of mp3, jpg, and mpeg4 compression • Explains how computer networks and the Internet work and their applications • Covers business data processing, World Wide Web, e-commerce, and IT laws • Discusses social impacts of IT and career opportunities in IT and IT enabled services • Designed for self-study with every chapter starting with learning objectives and concluding with a comprehensive summary and a large number of exercises.

Download or read book Measurement and Method for Receiver Buffer Sizing in Video Streaming written by Sahel Mastoureshgh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Video streaming has become increasingly popular with commercial video streaming applications such as YouTube accounting for a large quantity of Internet traffic. While streaming video is sensitive to bandwidth jitter, a receiver buffer can ameliorate the effects of jitter by adjusting to the difference between the transmission rate and the playback rate. Unfortunately, there are few studies to determine the best size of the receiver buffer for TCP streaming. In this work, we investigate how the buffer size of video streaming applications changes with respect to variation in bandwidth. We model the video streaming system over TCP using simulation to develop our buffering algorithm. We propose using a dynamic client buffer size based on measured bandwidth variation to achieve fewer interruptions in video streaming playback. To evaluate our approach, we implement an application to run experiments comparing our algorithm with the buffer size of commercial video streaming.