Download or read book New Light on Dark Stars written by Neill I. Reid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps the most common question that a child asks when he or she sees the night sky from a dark site for the first time is: 'How many stars are there?' This happens to be a question which has exercised the intellectual skills of many astronomers over the course of most of the last century, including, for the last two decades, one of the authors of this text. Until recently, the most accurate answer was 'We are not certain, but there is a good chance that almost all of them are M dwarfs. ' Within the last three years, results from new sky-surveys - particularly the first deep surveys at near infrared wavelengths - have provided a breakthrough in this subject, solidifying our census of the lowest-mass stars and identifying large numbers of the hitherto almost mythical substellar-mass brown dwarfs. These extremely low-luminosity objects are the central subjects of this book, and the subtitle should be interpreted accordingly. The expression 'low-mass stars' carries a wide range of meanings in the astronomical literature, but is most frequently taken to refer to objects with masses comparable with that of the Sun - F and G dwarfs, and their red giant descendants. While this definition is eminently reasonable for the average extragalactic astronomer, our discussion centres on M dwarfs, with masses of no more than 60% that of the Sun, and extends to 'failed stars' - objects with insufficient mass to ignite central hydrogen fusion.
Download or read book New Light on Dark Stars written by Neil Reid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-02 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been very considerable progress in research into low-mass stars, brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets during the past few years, particularly since the fist edtion of this book was published in 2000. In this new edtion the authors present a comprehensive review of both the astrophysical nature of individual red dwarf and brown dwarf stars and their collective statistical properties as an important Galactic stellar population. Chapters dealing with the observational properies of low-mass dwarfs, the stellar mass function and extrasolar planets have been completely revised. Other chapters have been significantly revised and updated as appropriate, including important new material on observational techniques, stellar acivity, the Galactic halo and field star surveys. The authors detail the many discoveries of new brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets made since publication of the first edition of the book and provide a state-of-the-art review of our current knowledge of very low-mass stars, brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets, including both the latest observational results and theoretical work.
Download or read book Physics of Low Mass Stars Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Planets written by José Gallardo and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Planets written by R. Rebolo and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a March 1997 workshop, with theoretical and observational papers in sections on free floating brown dwarfs, substellar objects as companions to stars, atmospheres and interiors, and the mass function. Subjects include rotation of field M dwarfs, the formation of eccentric superplanets, extrasolar comets in young stellar systems, extrasolar giant planets, spectroscopic properties of ultra-cool dwarfs and brown dwarfs, the stellar mass function, and the mass of the Pleiades. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Theoretical Studies on Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Planets written by Rene Heller and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Searching for Extrasolar Planets Brown Dwarfs and Dark Matter written by Joseph Angelo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE.
Download or read book Astroquizzical the Illustrated Edition written by Jillian Scudder and published by . This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brown Dwarf Companions to Young Solar an written by Stanimir Metchev and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2006-02 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present results from an adaptive optics survey conducted with the Palomar and Keck telescopes over 3 years, which measured the frequency of stellar and sub-stellar companions to Sun-like stars. The survey sample contains 266 stars in the 3-10000 million year age range at heliocentric distances between 8 and 200 parsecs and with spectral types between F5-K5. A sub-sample of 101 stars, between 3-500 million years old, were observed in deep exposures with a coronagraph to search for faint sub-stellar companions. A total of 288 candidate companions were discovered around the sample stars, which were re-imaged at subsequent epochs to determine physical association with the candidate host stars by checking for common proper motion. Benefitting from a highly accurate astrometric calibration of the observations, we were able to successfully apply the common proper motion test in the majority of the cases, including stars with proper motions as small as 20 milli-arcseconds/year. The results from the survey include the discovery of three new brown dwarf companions (HD 49197B, HD 203030B, and ScoPMS 214B), 43 new stellar binaries, and a triple system. The physical association of an additional, a priori-suspected, candidate sub-stellar companion to the star HII 1348 is astrometrically confirmed. The newly-discovered and confirmed young brown dwarf companions span a range of spectral types between M5 and T0.5, and will be of prime significance for constraining evolutionary models of young brown dwarfs and extra-solar planets. Based on the 3 new detections of sub-stellar companions in the 101 star sub-sample and following a careful estimate of the survey incompleteness, a Bayesian statistical analysis shows that the frequency of 0.012-0.072 solar-mass brown dwarfs in 30-1600 AU orbits around young solar analogs is 6.8% (-4.9%, +8.3%; 2-sigma limits). While this is a factor of 3 lower than the frequency of stellar companions to G-dwarfs in the same orbital range, it is significantly higher than the frequency of brown dwarfs in 0-3 AU orbits discovered through precision radial velocity surveys. It is also fully consistent with the observed frequency of 0-3 AU extra-solar planets. Thus, the result demonstrates that the radial-velocity "brown dwarf desert" does not extend to wide separations, contrary to previous belief.
Download or read book Planetary Systems written by Marc Ollivier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-27 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past ten years, the discovery of extrasolar planets has opened a new field of astronomy, and this area of research is rapidly growing, from both the observational and theoretical point of view. The presence of many giant exoplanets in the close vicinity of their star shows that these newly discovered planetary systems are very different from the solar system. New theoretical models are being developed in order to understand their formation scenarios, and new observational methods are being implemented to increase the sensitivity of exoplanet detections. In the present book, the authors address the question of planetary systems from all aspects. Starting from the facts (the detection of more than 300 extraterrestrial planets), they first describe the various methods used for these discoveries and propose a synthetic analysis of their global properties. They then consider the observations of young stars and circumstellar disks and address the case of the solar system as a specific example, different from the newly discovered systems. Then the study of planetary systems and of exoplanets is presented from a more theoretical point of view. The book ends with an outlook to future astronomical projects, and a description of the search for life on exoplanets. This book addresses students and researchers who wish to better understand this newly expanding field of research.
Download or read book Extrasolar Planets written by Patrick Cassen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-17 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on extrasolar planets is one of the most exciting fields of activity in astrophysics. In a decade only, a huge step forward has been made from the early speculations on the existence of planets orbiting "other stars" to the first discoveries and to the characterization of extrasolar planets. This breakthrough is the result of a growing interest of a large community of researchers as well as the development of a wide range of new observational techniques and facilities. Based on their lectures given at the 31st Saas-Fee Advanced Course, Andreas Quirrenbach, Tristan Guillot and Pat Cassen have written up up-to-date comprehensive lecture notes on the "Detection and Characterization of Extrasolar Planets", "Physics of Substellar Objects Interiors, Atmospheres, Evolution" and "Protostellar Disks and Planet Formation". This book will serve graduate students, lecturers and scientists entering the field of extrasolar planets as detailed and comprehensive introduction.
Download or read book 50 Years of Brown Dwarfs written by Viki Joergens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The years 2012/2013 mark the 50th anniversary of the theoretical prediction that Brown Dwarfs, i.e. degenerate objects which are just not massive enough to sustain stable hydrogen fusion, exist. Some 20 years after their discovery, how Brown Dwarfs form is still one of the main open questions in the theory of star formation. In this volume, the pioneers of Brown Dwarf research review the history of the theoretical prediction and the subsequent discovery of Brown Dwarfs. After an introduction, written by Viki Joergens, reviewing Shiv Kumar's theoretical prediction of the existence of brown dwarfs, Takenori Nakano reviews his and Hayashi's calculation of the Hydrogen Burning Minimum Mass. Both predictions happened in the early 1960s. Jill Tarter then writes on the introduction of the term 'Brown Dwarf', before Ben Oppenheimer, Rafael Rebolo and Gibor Basri describe their first discovery of Brown Dwarfs in the 1990s. Lastly, Michael Cushing and Isabelle Baraffe describe the development of the field to the current state of the art. While the book is mainly aimed at the Brown Dwarf research community, the description of the pioneering period in a scientific field will attract general readers interested in astronomy as well.
Download or read book Extrasolar Planets written by Hans Deeg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2007 volume presents the lectures from the sixteenth Winter School of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, which was dedicated to extrasolar planets. Research into extrasolar planets is one of the most exciting fields of astrophysics, and the past decade has seen a research leap from speculations on the existence of planets orbiting other stars to the discovery of around 200 planets to date. The book covers a wide range of issues, from the state-of-the-art observational techniques used to detect extrasolar planets, to the characterizations of these planets, and the techniques used in the remote detection of life. It also looks at the insights we can gain from our own Solar System, and how we can apply them. The contributors, all of high-standing in the field, provide a balanced and varied introduction to extrasolar planets for research astronomers and graduate students, bridging theoretical developments and observational advances.
Download or read book Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs written by Rafael Rebolo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-27 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a state-of-the-art review of our current knowledge of brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars. The hunt for and study of these elusive objects is currently one of the most dynamic areas of research in astronomy for two reasons. Brown dwarfs bridge the gap between stars and planets, and they may constitute an important part of the 'dark matter' of the Universe. This volume presents review articles from a team of international authorities who gathered at a conference in La Palma to assess the spectacular progress that has been made in this field in the last few years.
Download or read book From Giant Planets to Cool Stars written by Caitlin A. Griffith and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Contains papers from a June 1999 workshop addressing the emerging interdisciplinary field of brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. Principal topics discussed are atmospheric structure and chemistry, dynamics, condensation, interior structure, and the evolution of extra-solar planets and brown dwarfs. Some specific topics include the nature and origin of low-mass companions to stars, discovering T dwarfs with 2MASS, the exotic atmospheres of substellar-mass objects, narrow-band near infrared photometry of brown dwarfs, and photochemistry in giant-planet atmospheres. Griffith is affiliated with Northern Arizona University. Marley is affiliated with New Mexico State University. Lacks a subject index. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Download or read book Exoplanets written by Sara Seager and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time in human history, we know for certain the existence of planets around other stars. Now the fastest-growing field in space science, the time is right for this fundamental source book on the topic which will lay the foundation for its continued growth. Exoplanets serves as both an introduction for the non-specialist and a foundation for the techniques and equations used in exoplanet observation by those dedicated to the field.
Download or read book Exoplanets written by John Mason and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first collection of review articles in one volume covering the very latest developments in exoplanet research. This edited, multi-author volume will be an invaluable introduction and reference to all key aspects in the field this field. The reviews cover topics such as the properties of known exoplanets and searching for exoplanets in the stellar graveyard. The book provides an easily accessible point of reference in a fast moving and exciting field.
Download or read book Extrasolar Planets written by Stuart G. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1998-11-24 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of the developments in the search for planetary-sized bodies orbiting Sun-like stars. Discusses the formation and evolution of stars and the processes leading to the formation of protoplanetary discs, planetesimals, embryonic planets and complete planetary systems. Also examined are the techniques currently being employed for the detection of extrasolar planets and the results of those searches, as well as the theoretical problems posed by giant planets with small orbital radii and those in eccentric orbits, brown dwarfs, and the possible planets around pulsars. The final chapter speculates on finding habitable and inhabited worlds. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
