Download or read book British Envoys to Germany 1816 1866 Volume 1 1816 1829 written by Sabine Freitag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-12-21 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition consists of official reports sent by British envoys in Germany to the Foreign Office in London. The diversity and number of missions within the German Confederation offers the reader an opportunity for a pluralistic perception of German affairs by several British diplomats. The selection presents their main attitudes to the political, economic, cultural, military, and social situation in the German states. All despatches relevant to this first volume which covers the period 1816-1829 have been transcribed from the original for the first time.
Download or read book British Envoys to Germany 1816 1866 Volume 2 1830 1847 written by Sabine Freitag and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publishes official reports sent by British envoys in Germany to the Foreign Office in London.
Download or read book Investigating Human Interaction through Mathematical Analysis written by Kurt T. Brintzenhofe and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-01-16 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating Human Interaction through Mathematical Analysis offers a new and unique approach to social intragroup interaction by using mathematics and psychophysics to create a mathematical model based on social psychological theories. It draws on the work of Dr. Stanley Milgram, Dr. Bibb Latane, and Dr. Bernd Schmitt to develop an algebraic expression and applies it to quantitatively model and explain various independent social psychology experiments taken from refereed journals involving basic social systems with underlying queue-like structures. It is then argued that the social queue as a resource system, containing common-pool resources, meets the eight design principles necessary to support stability within the queue. Making this link provides a means to advance to more complex social systems. It is envisioned that if basic social systems as presented can be modeled, then, with further development, more complex social systems may eventually be modeled for the purpose of identifying and validating social structures that might eventually support stable governments in our common environment called Earth. This is a fascinating reading for academics and advanced students interested in political theory, detection theory, social psychology, organizational behavior, psychophysics, and applied mathematics in the social and information sciences. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Download or read book The Kingdom of W rttemberg and the Making of Germany 1815 1871 written by Bodie A. Ashton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title 2017 This book examines the 1871 unification of Germany through the prism of one of its 'forgotten states', the Kingdom of Württemberg. It moves beyond the traditional argument for the importance of the great powers of Austria and Prussia in controlling German destiny at this time. Bodie A. Ashton champions the significance of Württemberg and as a result all 38 German states in the unification process, noting that each had their own institutions and traditions that proved vital to the eventual shape of German unity. The Kingdom of Württemberg and the Making of Germany, 1815-1871 demonstrates that the state's government was dynamic and in full control of its own policy-making throughout most of the 19th century, with Ashton showing a keen appreciation for the state's domestic development during the period. The book traces Württemberg's strong involvement in the national question, and how successive governments and monarchs in the state's capital of Stuttgart manoeuvred the country so as to gain the greatest advantage. It successfully argues that the shape of German unification was not inevitable, and was in fact driven largely by the desires of the Mittelstaaten, rather than the great powers; the eventual Reichsgründung of January 1871 was merely the final step in a long series of negotiations, diplomatic manoeuvres and subterfuge, with Württemberg playing a vital, regional role. Making use of a wealth of primary sources, including telegrams, newspaper articles, diary entries, letters and government documents, this is a vitally important study for all scholars and students of 19th-century Germany.
Download or read book Austria Prussia and The Making of Germany written by John Breuilly and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is often argued that the unification of Germany in 1871 was the inevitable result of the convergence of Prussian power and German nationalism. John Breuilly here shows that the true story was much more complex. For most of the nineteenth century Austria was the dominant power in the region. Prussian-led unification was highly unlikely up until the 1860s and even then was only possible because of the many other changes happening in Germany, Europe and the wider world.
Download or read book British Envoys to Germany 1816 1866 written by Markus Mösslang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Britain and the German Question written by F. Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disraeli claimed that no country suffered more from the foundation of the German Reich than England. Bismarck's empire of 1871 did not, however, strike like a bolt from the blue. The question of German unity had been brewing for decades. Britain and the Germany Question reconstructs the way Victorians pictured the pre-history of the Reich from the July Revolution of 1830 until the eve of the 'Wars of German Unification'. It scrutinises how Britain's foreign political establishment - the diplomats, journalists and politicians who informed, determined and executed British foreign policy - analysed and responded to the Germans' search for a reformed, united and powerful nation state. It lays bare British interests, preconceptions and preoccupations and explains what kind of united Germany Britain would have welcomed. The book thus illuminates three themes crucial to our understanding of nineteenth-century Europe: the international repercussions of German nationalism; Britain's attitude to continental politics; and the interlocking of liberalism, nationalism revolution and reform.
Download or read book Great Britain and the Unifying of Italy written by O. J. Wright and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the interests of British leaders, diplomats and consuls in the unifying of Italy. It is the first study to provide a comprehensive narrative of British policy on Italian affairs between the formation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861 and its consolidation as a new nation-state through the acquisitions of Venice in 1866 and Rome in 1870. Commencing with an investigation of the place of Italy within the context of mid-Victorian Britain’s global interests, the book investigates the origins of British sympathy for Italian nationalism during the 1850s, before charting the development of British foreign policy regarding Italy during its unification and consolidation. Emphasis is placed upon the tendency of British leaders and representatives to consider it their responsibility to guide the new Italy through its formative years, and upon their desire to draw Italy into a ‘special relationship’ with Britain as the dominant power within the Mediterranean.
Download or read book Germany s Two Unifications written by R. Speirs and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-12-06 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Germany's unique historical experience of undergoing national unification twice in a little over a century makes it a fascinating object of study. In this volume the processes of unification are analysed from the point of view of historians, political scientists and literary historians. Because each event had quite different historical pre-conditions (the first having been long anticipated and pursued, whereas the second took virtually all participants by surprise), the processes of adjustment to it have differed in many ways. Yet in each case the idea of national unity has held sway powerfully as a norm guiding the responses of those involved.
Download or read book A History of Diplomacy written by Jeremy Black and published by Reaktion Books. This book was released on 2010-05-15 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In A History of Diplomacy, historian Jeremy Black investigates how a form of courtly negotiation and information-gathering in the early modern period developed through increasing globalization into a world-shaping force in twenty-first-century politics. The monarchic systems of the sixteenth century gave way to the colonial development of European nations—which in turn were shaken by the revolutions of the eighteenth century—the rise and progression of multiple global interests led to the establishment of the modern-day international embassy system. In this detailed and engaging study of the ever-changing role of international relations, the aims, achievements, and failures of foreign diplomacy are presented along with their complete historical and cultural background.
Download or read book Framing History in East Central Europe and Beyond written by LIT Verlag and published by LIT Verlag. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1970s todays Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research (Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung, BMBWF) supported the founding of the Center for Austrian Studies at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis and the Austrian Chair at Stanford University in California. These foundings were the initial incentives for the worldwide `spreading' of similar institutions; currently, nine Centers for Austrian and Central European Studies exist in seven countries on three continents. The funding of the Ministry enables to connect senior scholars with young scholars, to help young PhD students, to participate in and to benefit from the scientific connection of experienced researchers, and to get in touch with the national scientific community by `sniffing scientific air', as the Austrians like to say. Furthermore, it aims to avoid prejudices, and to spread a better understanding and knowledge about Austria and Central Europe by promoting scientific exchange. This volume contains the annual reports (2018/2019 & 2019/2020) of the Center Directors and the papers of their PhD students, which discuss various topics on mostly (East-)Central European History from several perspectives and in different centuries. Ferdinand Kühnel, Postdoc researcher at the Institute of East European History, University of Vienna Nedad Ku?, PhD candidate at the Institute of East European History, University of Vienna Marija Wakounig, Professor at the Institute of East European History, University of Vienna
Download or read book Britain and the Regency of Tripoli written by Sara M. ElGaddari and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the early 1820s, British policy in the Eastern Mediterranean was at a crossroads. Historically shaped by the rivalry with France, the course of Britain's future role in the region was increasingly affected by concern about the future of the Ottoman Empire and fears over Russia's ambitions in the Balkans and the Middle East. The Regency of Tripoli was at this time establishing a new era in foreign and commercial relations with Europe and the United States. Among the most important of these relationships was that with Britain. Using the National Archive records of correspondence of the British consuls and diplomats from 1795 to 1832, and within the context of the wider Eastern Question, this book reconstructs the the Anglo-Tripolitanian relationship and argues that the Regency played a vital role in Britain's imperial strategy during and after the Napoleonic Wars. Including the perspective of Tripolitanian notables and British diplomats, it contends that the activities of British consuls in Tripoli, and the networks they fostered around themselves, reshaped the nature and extent of British imperial activity in the region.
Download or read book HELIGOLAND P written by Jan Rüger and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-22 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 18 April 1947, British forces set off the largest non-nuclear explosion in history. The target was a small island in the North Sea, fifty miles off the German coast, which for generations had stood as a symbol of Anglo-German conflict: Heligoland. A long tradition of rivalry was to come to an end here, in the ruins of Hitler's island fortress. Pressed as to why it was not prepared to give Heligoland back, the British government declared that the island represented everything that was wrong with the Germans: 'If any tradition was worth breaking, and if any sentiment was worth changing, then the German sentiment about Heligoland was such a one'. Drawing on a wide range of archival material, Jan Rüger explores how Britain and Germany have collided and collaborated in this North Sea enclave. For much of the nineteenth century, this was Britain's smallest colony, an inconvenient and notoriously discontented outpost at the edge of Europe. Situated at the fault line between imperial and national histories, the island became a metaphor for Anglo-German rivalry once Germany had acquired it in 1890. Turned into a naval stronghold under the Kaiser and again under Hitler, it was fought over in both world wars. Heavy bombardment by the Allies reduced it to ruins, until the Royal Navy re-took it in May 1945. Returned to West Germany in 1952, it became a showpiece of reconciliation, but one that continues to wear the scars of the twentieth century. Tracing this rich history of contact and conflict from the Napoleonic Wars to the Cold War, Heligoland brings to life a fascinating microcosm of the Anglo-German relationship. For generations this cliff-bound island expressed a German will to bully and battle Britain; and it mirrored a British determination to prevent Germany from establishing hegemony on the Continent. Caught in between were the Heligolanders and those involved with them: spies and smugglers, poets and painters, sailors and soldiers. Far more than just the history of a small island in the North Sea, this is the compelling story of a relationship which has defined modern Europe.
Download or read book The Congress of Vienna and its Legacy written by Mark Jarrett and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1814 the five reigning dynasties of Europe, Alexander I of Russia and ministers such Metternich and Talleyrand, descended upon Vienna. The Vienna Congress marked one of the great turning points in diplomatic history; the first attempt to create an 'international order' to secure peace for the nineteenth century. The blueprint for modern-day global governance models such as the UN, it was a response to Napoleon's expansion across Europe, and sought to build upon the state systems he left behind whilst shoring up the privileges and power of Europe's elite. Here, Mark Jarrett argues that the Congress of Vienna in fact marked the beginning of the end for the Ancien Regime, yet, despite its disintegration following the suicide of Castlereagh, the 'congress system' has had an enormous influence up to the present day. The role of diplomacy as a means to conflict resolution, the workings of multi-lateralism and the emphasis on international organizations to guarantee national sovereignty were all long term by-products of the 'congress system'. A new synthesis of archival material, The Congress System is a fresh exploration of a key event in the history of International Relations and Diplomacy.
Download or read book Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Volume 10 written by Royal Historical Society and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-02 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 10 of the Transactions contains essays based on 'the British-Irish Union of 1801'.
Download or read book Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Volume 11 written by Royal Historical Society and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-03-06 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Transactions of the Royal Historical Society publish an annual collection of major articles representing some of the best historical research by some of the world's most distinguished historians.
Download or read book Perfectibilists written by Terry Melanson and published by Trine Day. This book was released on 2011-12-01 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting an advanced and authoritative perspective, this definitive study chronicles the rise and fall of the Order of the Illuminati, a mysterious Enlightenment-era guild surrounded by myth. Describing this enigmatic community in meticulous detail, more than 1,000 endnotes are included, citing scholars, professors, and academics. Contemporary accounts and the original documents of the Illuminati themselves are covered as well. Copiously illustrated and featuring biographies of more than 400 confirmed members, this survey brings to light a 200-year-old mystery.
