Download or read book Long term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge Decks written by David W. Fowler and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2011 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 423: Long-Term Performance of Polymer Concrete for Bridge Decks addresses a number of topics related to thin polymer overlays (TPOs). Those topics include previous research, specifications, and procedures on TPOs; performance of TPOs based on field applications; the primary factors that influence TPO performance; current construction guidelines for TPOs related to surface preparation, mixing and placement, consolidation, finishing, and curing; repair procedures; factors that influence the performance of overlays, including life-cycle cost, benefits and costs, bridge deck condition, service life extension, and performance; and successes and failures of TPOs, including reasons for both.
Download or read book Bridge Decks and Overlays written by James H. Havens and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report presents a historical perspective of the Transportation Cabinet's bridge deck construction and maintenance efforts directed toward increasing bridge deck durability. Bridge decks crack in specific patterns that primarily depend upon bridge designs. Normal deck cracking is due to load-induced and thermal effects. Each type of cracking has a distinct pattern. One-hundred and nineteen experimental bridge deck overlays were inspected. Included were 9 membrane bridges, 87 latex concrete overlays and 23 low-slump overlays. The overlays had been placed originally on both new and existing bridge decks on various routes throughout the state. Most of the overlays were rated in good to excellent condition. None of the overlay methods was discernibly superior to the others. Thirty-four integral abutment bridges were inspected. Nearly all of those bridges are in good to very good condition. Only one bridge had a problem caused by settlement.
Download or read book Investigation of Materials for Thin Bonded Overlays on Bridge Decks written by David Meggers and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges in Kansas are exposed to winter conditions, including deicing chemicals used to keep the roads and bridges clear of ice and snow. These chemicals and water are harmful to the concrete and the steel reinforcing bars used in bridge structures. The objective of this study was to develop a durable thin bonded overlay with chloride resistance to protect the reinforcing steel of the bridge deck. Overlays were developed and monitored after their initial placement on four bridges. The overlay materials selected by the Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) had promising results from laboratory testing. Four different overlay materials were selected based upon KDOT's laboratory results and were tested on four separate bridge decks. Three of the bridges are located in Greenwood County and one in Sedgwick County. All four bridges were new construction; the three in Greenwood County are pre-stressed concrete girder design and the Sedgwick County Bridge is a steel girder design. The data from the testing and monitoring were used to determine if there are benefits to using thin bonded overlays for bridge deck wearing surfaces and which types of thin bonded overlays have the largest benefits. The materials chosen for the overlays were: Type IP cement concrete, Type IP cement with 3% silica fume concrete, Type I / II cement with 5% silica fume and polypropylene fibers concrete, and Type II cement with 5% silica fume and steel fibers concrete. Construction samples and bridge deck cores were tested for compressive strength, permeability, chloride concentration, overlay adhesion, and cracking resistance. The permeability tests showed the overlays containing the Type IP cement were the least permeable while the steel and polypropylene fiber overlays were the most permeable. The Type IP cement overlays meet the design specification of passing less than 1,000 coulombs (1.5 inch thickness); however, the overlays with the fibers do not. The ability of each overlay to resist chloride ion migration will only truly be known as 'in service' time accrues. Based upon the chloride ion contamination after five years, all overlays would appear to be functioning equally unless there is cracking in the overlay.
Download or read book Performance and Service Life of Low slump concrete Bridge Deck Overlays in New York written by William P. Chamberlin and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifty randomly selected concrete bridge decks in New York State, overlaid with low-slump concrete, were studied in 1985 after an average of 5 years of service. The investigation included recording surface defects, measuring delamination and half-cell potentials, and sampling and testing for deck chloride profile. Conclusions are drawn with regard to the nature and significance of the observed damage, and estimates are made of service life expectancy. Policy implications for the New York State Department of Transportation are discussed.
Download or read book Premature Failure of Latex Modified Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays in Ohio written by Osama Ahmed Abdulshafi and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an investigation of the cause(s) of premature failure of latex modified concrete (LMC) bridge deck overlays in Ohio. Data and materials for 93 bridge decks overlaid with LMC were collected from five Ohio Department of Transportation Districts. Additional materials were collected and evaluations were conducted through monitoring the construction of seven LMC bridge deck overlays. Overall documentation and evaluation of the overlays and materials obtained are discussed; this includes field survey activities, construction monitoring and laboratory testing and analysis. Characteristics of the LMC mixtures and materials are evaluated and compared to acceptable standards. General findings were that most of the problems were due to the underlying old deck which was contaminated with chloride ions, previously undetected due to insufficient testing. Other conclusions are presented separately under construction monitoring, field surveys, and laboratory testing and analysis.
Download or read book Performance and Constructability of Silica Fume Bridge Deck Overlays written by Gerald G. Miller and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of construction practices and material properties on the performance of concrete bridge decks are evaluated. Emphasis is placed on comparing bridge decks with silica fume and conventional concrete overlays and determining if the silica fume overlays commonly used on bridges in Kansas are performing at a level that justifies the extra cost and construction precautions. Forty continuous steel girder bridges, 20 with silica fume overlays, 16 with conventional overlays and four with monolithic bridge decks are included in the study.
Download or read book Performance of Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays written by Chris Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chloride-ions penetrating into bridge decks and corroding the steel have been a major problem. As the steel corrodes it exerts stresses on the surrounding concrete. When the stresses exceed the strength of the concrete, cracks or delaminations occur. This, of course, causes deterioration and spalling of bridge deck surfaces. Both the Latex and Iowa Method were used to repair bridge decks for this project. The concrete was removed down to the steel and replaced with approximately 1 1/2 inches of low slump or latex modified concrete. The removal of unsound concrete below the top layer of steel was sometimes necessary. The objective of this project was to determine if the bridge overlays would provide a cost effective method of rehabilitation. To do this, unsound and delaminated concrete was removed and replaced by an overlay of low slump or latex modified concrete.
Download or read book Latex Modified Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays field Performance Analysis Main report written by Alfred G. Bishara and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of High Density and Latex Modified Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays written by Delmo E. Koop and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Portland cement concrete overlay surfacings for bridge decks which will effectively resist de-icing salt solution penetration are a major concern. The report compares the relative effectiveness of latex modified concrete and high density concrete overlays.
Download or read book Polymer Concrete Overlays for Bridge Decks written by Timothy L. Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of Bridge Deck Overlays in Virginia Phase II Service Life Performance written by Soundar S.G. Balakumaran and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Overlaying bridge decks has remained one of the best rehabilitation methods to extend their service life, and the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has been a leader in the use of bridge deck overlays. Although VDOT has extensive experience in overlays, the long-term performance of overlays has not been entirely understood. One of the biggest challenges for studying the performance of overlays is that only minimal information is available in bridge inventory and inspection records. This limits any scientific assessment of this system. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide a strong framework for the understanding of the long-term performance of overlays and the factors affecting them. This Phase II report reports on an extensive data collection process that led to the development of a robust database of 133 overlaid bridge decks after verification of historical inspection reports, verification of as-built plans and communication with VDOT district bridge engineers. This helped in developing a model for understanding the amount of time it takes for bridge decks to require the first major rehabilitation and the major factors influencing the durability. A database of information about overlays that were replaced at the end of their functional service life was compiled. This helped develop a multiple regression model for understanding the factors that affected the durability of overlays. Survival analyses were conducted to estimate the service life of overlays and corresponding risk. As a preventive method, epoxy concrete (EC) overlays were predicted to serve an average of 20.9 years, with 18 to 22 years at a 95 percent confidence level. As a rehabilitative method, rigid concrete overlays were predicted to serve an average of 25.9 years, with 21 to 32 years at a 95 percent confidence level. The recent trend of preferred overlay types has been identified as EC and very-early- strength latex-modified concrete (VELMC) overlays. EC overlays have proven to be one of the better performing overlays through extensive VDOT experience. VELMC overlays are an improvement upon latex-modified concrete overlays by vastly reducing the time of construction and thus become more suitable for decreased construction time, reduced traffic disruption, and lessened worker exposure to the field environment. An important discovery was the identification of the influence of the degree of deck damage prior to overlaying on the service life of overlays. Preventive EC overlays should be used in a preventive sense, as the name suggests. If preventive EC overlays are installed on bridge decks with spalls, patches, or delaminations, irrespective of the amount of damage, an increased rate of deterioration in the overlays is likely to follow. The future performance of rehabilitative overlays such as latex-modified concrete, silica fume, and VELMC overlays will not be influenced by the presence of bridge deck damage prior to overlaying. This might be because of the removal of deteriorated concrete before these rigid overlays are constructed. This emphasizes the importance of proper removal of poor quality concrete from bridge decks before overlaying during rehabilitation.
Download or read book Performance of Bridge Deck Concrete Overlays written by K. Babaei and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper documents performance of twelve concrete bridge decks in Washington State that were rehabilitated and/or protected with latex-modified concrete and low-slump dense concrete overlays in order to prevent further deicing salt penetration and concrete deterioration caused by reinforcing steel corrosion. An evaluation is made of the factors that have affected the serviceability of those overlaid bridge decks, and recommendations are made based on that evaluation for the design and construction of concrete overlays in order to improve bridge deck performance and to extend bridge deck service life. The factors evaluated are overlay freeze-thaw scaling, surface wear and skid resistance, surface cracking, bond with the underlying deck, chloride and water intrusion, and finally the concrete overlay's ability to retard continued reinforcing steel corrosion and corresponding concrete deterioration.
Download or read book High Performance Concrete Bridge Deck Overlays for County Bridges written by Edward J. Engle and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iowa Method for bridge deck overlays has been very successful in Iowa since its adoption in the 1970s. This method involves removal of deteriorated portions of a bridge deck followed by placement of a layer of dense (Type O) Portland Cement Concrete (PCC). The challenge encountered with this type of bridge deck overlay is that the PCC must be mixed on-site, brought to the placement area and placed with specialized equipment. This adds considerably to the cost and limits contractor selection. A previous study (TR-427) showed that a dense PCC with high-range water reducers could successfully be used for bridge deck overlays using conventional equipment and methods. This current study evaluated the use of high performance PCC in place of a dense PCC for work on county bridges. High performance PCC uses fly ash and slag to replace some of the cement in the mix. This results in a workable PCC mix that cures to form a very low permeability overlay.
Download or read book Evaluation of Thin Overlays for Bridge Decks written by Steven M. Soltesz and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight thin polymer overlay systems were evaluated in the laboratory and on two bridge decks exposed to trucks and passenger vehicles including those with studded tires. The products were Mark 154, Flex-O-Lith, Safetrack HW, Kwik Bond PPC MLS, Tyregrip, SafeLane HDX, Urefast PF60, and Unitex ProPoxyType III DOT. None of the overlay systems showed superior performance under moderate average daily traffic from the standpoint of maintaining good skid resistance and resisting wear through. Tyregrip and Safetrack HW started to wear through to the concrete after exposure of approximately 1.3 million vehicles, and Urefast PF60 wore through much sooner. For the five products that did not wear through, empirical equations predicted the friction number of the best of these five products would decrease to 40 (equivalent to the friction number of the concrete) within five months at a traffic level of 10,000 vehicles per lane per day. Delamination from the concrete was not a major problem with the products. Laboratory tests were not able to predict performance.
Download or read book Concrete Bridge Deck Performance written by H. G. Russell and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At head of title: National Cooperative Highway Research Program.
Download or read book Cracking in Fully Reinforced Bridge Deck Overlays and PCC Tapered Approach Slabs written by Carl F. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1984, the California Department of Transportation started a new concept for rehabilitating deicing salt damaged bridge decks. It consists of placing a fully reinforced (epoxy coated), full depth deck overlay on the existing deck. The new deck is tied to the old with reinforcing steel dowels grouted in predrilled holes along girder centerlines. When the original approach is PCC, tapered PCC approaches are installed. The construction is usually done in stages, with traffic using one portion of the deck while an overlay is being placed on another. Inordinate cracking occurred in some of the first 20 concrete placements. This report documents the extent of cracking and covers possible causes for the cracking in both these and subsequent placements. It also discusses the role traffic, weather and construction practices may have had.
Download or read book Concrete Overlays for Bridge Decks in West Virginia written by Julio F. Davalos and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
