Download or read book Birth Timing Effects on the Qualities of the Mother infant Relationship and Infant Behavior and Physiology in Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by Jessica Jean Vandeleest and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current dissertation explores the influence of birth timing, a relative measure of the timing of births within a season, on the mother-infant relationship and infant behavior and physiology across the first year of life. This research was based on the hypothesis that mothers that give birth early in the birth season have a longer period of time in which to wean their infants than do mothers that give birth late in the season. Due to these different constraints on maternal time and resources I predicted that the relationships between early born infants and their mothers, and late born infants and their mothers would differ in important ways, and that these differences would have consequences for infant development. In the first study I observed patterns of mother-infant interactions and infant behavior in 33 rhesus monkeys during weaning and maternal breeding to a) determine if birth timing predicted changes to the mother-infant relationship and infant behavior from weaning through maternal breeding, and b) identify predictors of infant behavior during a period of acute challenge, maternal breeding. The second study extended those findings to examine if variation in the mother-infant relationship due to birth timing was associated with infant behavior and physiology during weaning in 40 rhesus monkey infants. The final study examined the role of temperature in the association between birth timing and HPA axis activity and regulation in 338 3-4 month old rhesus monkeys. Results from the first study suggest that birth timing influences the patterns of mother-infant interactions, and that infant social engagement and affect expression may be influenced by different factors. Results from the second study indicate that the influence of birth timing on the mother-infant relationship may have consequences for infant coping and physiology. Finally, results from the third study suggest that birth timing may be a complex measure that reflects multiple aspects of the early environment. Altogether this program of research supports my hypothesis that, in seasonally breeding species like the rhesus monkey, birth timing may have important influences on the mother-infant relationship and infant development.

Download or read book Continuity of Stress Responsivity in Infant Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by James Matthew Scanlan and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biological and Adoptive Mother infant Relationships in Laboratory reared Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta Across the First Six Months of Life written by Benjamin Blaine Jones and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adoption studies have been used in humans to investigate the relative genetic and environmental influences on development. In this study, we compare rhesus macaque infants raised by adoptive mothers to those raised by their biological mothers in order to evaluate genetic and environmental effects on plasma cortisol and ACTH levels during the first 6 months of life. Blood samples were obtained from both infants and mothers once each month and assayed for cortisol and ACTH. Regression analyses showed interindividual stability across the first 6 months of life for both hormones (average r>0.30). To assess genetic and environmental effects, ACTH and cortisol levels in adopted infants (n=38) were correlated with ACTH and cortisol levels from both their unfamiliar biological mothers and their adopted mothers. Using multiple regression to control for sex differences, results showed that both cortisol (average r=0.27, p=0.05) and ACTH (average r=0.42, p=0.009) levels were correlated with levels observed in adopted mothers. Infant cortisol levels showed a trend toward being correlated with the biological mothers' cortisol (r=0.25, p

Download or read book The Effects of Four Nursery Rearing Strategies on the Behavioral Development of Infant Rhesus Macaques Macaca Mulatta written by Ina Rommeck and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Behavioral Development and Temporal Stability of Reactivity to Stressors in Mother reared and Nursery peer reared Rhesus Macaque Macaca Mulatta Infants written by Maribeth Champoux and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Controllability on Behavior Development and Responses to Stressors in Infant Peer reared Rhesus Macaques Macaca Mulatta written by Maribeth Champoux and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Development of Maternal and Infant Behavior in the Rhesus Monkey written by Ernst Walter Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Early Life Experience on Infant Rhesus Macaque Cognition and Stress Physiology written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals exhibit adaptive phenotypic plasticity, in which their behavioral, physiological and cognitive responses are shaped by their environment within the bounds of what is permitted given their genetic makeup. This plasticity is hypothesized to tune an individual to their environment, enabling them to be as successful as possible within the constraints of their current, and predicted future, local context. However, the mechanisms regulating this attunement and the specific consequences, especially in the cognitive realm, have not yet been investigated in a systematic, longitudinal and natural manner. In this dissertation, I examine the effects of variation in early life environment, as assessed via mother-infant interactions and maternal regulation of the infant social environment, on the development of cognition, behavior and physiology in free-ranging infant rhesus macaques living on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico. Chapter 2 demonstrates that infant social cognition is shaped by the early life environment, potentially via maternal regulation of infant exposure to social risk, and that attentional bias to social threat appears within the first year of life but is not present at birth. Chapter 3 examines infant responses to extreme stress, and finds that behavioral and cognitive stress-reactivity does not correspond to reactivity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. However, Chapter 4 shows activation of the HPA axis in response to a more natural stressor, weaning conflict and maternal rejection from nursing, demonstrating that mothers can induce a stress response in their infants which might serve to tune their infant's long-term HPA axis activity to local resource availability. Chapter 5 investigates one possible source of variation in mother-offspring interactions, testing the hypothesis that maternal body condition can predict the timing and intensity of parent-offspring conflict, thus providing a proximate explanation for inter-individual variation in maternal behavior. Together, these studies investigate the concept of adaptive phenotypic plasticity and provide a comprehensive look at the where variation in early life experience comes from and the behavioral, physiological, and cognitive consequences of this variation. The relationships between these phenotypic components and the selection, development, and adoption of a life-history strategy are discussed with an eye to future studies.

Download or read book Social and Environmental Influences of the Maternal infant Relationship of the Rhesus Monkey written by Joyce Yelencsis Rosevear and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Infant Sex and Maternal Experience on the Early Development of Infant Independence in Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by Maryann Davis-Dasilva and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mother infant Behavior in the Rhesus Monkey macaca Mulatta Under Conditions of Nutritional Deprivation written by Sally Slocum and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mother infant Separations in Rhesus Monkeys Macaca Mulatta written by Patricia Ann Scollay and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Twinship on the Interactions Between Rhesus Monkey Mothers and Infants written by Allyn C. Deets and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Play written by Anthony D. Pellegrini and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of play in human development has long been the subject of controversy. Despite being championed by many of the foremost scholars of the twentieth century, play has been dogged by underrepresentation and marginalization in literature across the scientific disciplines. The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Play marks the first attempt to examine the development of children's play through a rigorous and multidisciplinary approach. Comprising chapters from the foremost scholars in psychology, anthropology, and evolutionary biology, this handbook resets the landscape of developmental science and makes a compelling case for the benefits of play. Edited by respected play researcher Anthony D. Pellegrini, The Oxford Handbook of the Development of Play is both a scientific accomplishment and a shot across the bow for parents, educators, and policymakers regarding the importance of children's play in both development and learning.

Download or read book Maternal and Peer Preferences in Rhesus Macaque Infants written by J. Dee Higley and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Social Interaction in Animals Linking Experimental Approach and Social Network Analysis written by Cédric Sueur and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the link between individual behaviour and population organization and functioning has long been central to ecology and evolutionary biology. Behaviour is a response to intrinsic and extrinsic factors including individual state, ecological factors or social interactions. Within a group, each individual can be seen as part of a network of social interactions varying in strength, type and dynamic. The structure of this network can deeply impact the ecology and evolution of individuals, populations and species. Within a group social interactions can take many forms and may significantly affect an individual’s fitness. These interactions may result in complex systems at the group-level, such as in the case of collective decisions (to migrate, to build nest or to forage). Among them, social transmission of information has been studied mostly in vertebrates: fish, birds and mammals including humans. In insects, social learning has been unambiguously demonstrated in social Hymenoptera but this probably reflects limited research effort and recent evidence show that even non-eusocial insects such as Drosophila, cockroaches and crickets can copy the behaviour of others. Compared to individual learning, which requires a trial and error period every generation, social learning can potentially result in the stable transmission of behaviours across generations, leading to cultural traditions in some species. The study of the processes which may facilitate or prevent this transmission and the analyses of the relationship between social network structure and efficiency of social transmission became these recent years an emerging and promising field of research. The goal of this research topic is to present the genetic and socio-environmental factors affecting social interaction and information or pathogen transmission with the integration of experimental approaches, social network analyses and modelling. Importantly, we aim to understand whether a relationship between social network structures and dynamics can reflect the efficiency of social transmission, i.e. can we use social network analysis to predict the social transmission of information or of pathogen, collective decision-making and ultimately the evolutionary trajectory of a group?

Download or read book A Controlled Observational Study of the Social Impact of the Birth of a Sibling on Yearling Rhesus Monkeys written by Katherine Peter Offutt and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: