Download or read book Biologics A History of Agents Made From Living Organisms in the Twentieth Century written by Alexander von Schwerin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of biologics – drugs made from living organisms – has raised specific scientific, industrial, medical and legal issues. The essays contained in this collection each deal with a case study of a biologic substance, or group of biologics, and its use during the twentieth century.
Download or read book Human Heredity in the Twentieth Century written by Bernd Gausemeier and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this collection examine how human heredity was understood between the end of the First World War and the early 1970s. The contributors explore the interaction of science, medicine and society in determining how heredity was viewed across the world during the politically turbulent years of the twentieth century.
Download or read book The Development of Scientific Marketing in the Twentieth Century written by Jean-Paul Gaudilliere and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global pharmaceutical industry is currently estimated to be worth $1 trillion. Contributors chart the rise of scientific marketing within the industry from 1920-1980. This is the first comprehensive study into pharmaceutical marketing, demonstrating that many new techniques were actually developed in Europe before being exported to America.
Download or read book The Politics of Hospital Provision in Early Twentieth Century Britain written by Barry M Doyle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doyle examines the role of local and national politics on hospitals. Ultimately, Doyle argues that social and economic diversity created a number of models for future health care which rested on a combination of voluntary and municipal provision.
Download or read book Hazardous Chemicals written by Ernst Homburg and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2019-08-01 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although poisonous substances have been a hazard for the whole of human history, it is only with the development and large-scale production of new chemical substances over the last two centuries that toxic, manmade pollutants have become such a varied and widespread danger. Covering a host of both notorious and little-known chemicals, the chapters in this collection investigate the emergence of specific toxic, pathogenic, carcinogenic, and ecologically harmful chemicals as well as the scientific, cultural and legislative responses they have prompted. Each study situates chemical hazards in a long-term and transnational framework and demonstrates the importance of considering both the natural and the social contexts in which their histories have unfolded.
Download or read book Psychiatry and Chinese History written by Howard Chiang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection examines psychiatric medicine in China across the early modern and modern periods. Essays focus on the diagnosis, treatment and cultural implications of madness and mental illness and explore the complex trajectory of the medicalization of the mind in shifting political contexts of Chinese history.
Download or read book Stress in Post War Britain written by Mark Jackson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the years following World War II the health and well-being of the nation was of primary concern to the British government. The essays in this collection examine the relationship between health and stress in post-war Britain through a series of carefully connected case studies.
Download or read book The Rockefeller Foundation Public Health and International Diplomacy 1920 1945 written by Josep L Barona and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive archival research, this study examines the role of the Rockefeller Foundation and the League of Nations in improving public health during the interwar period. Barona argues that the Foundation applied a model of business efficiency to its ideology of spreading good health, creating a revolution in public health practice.
Download or read book Being Modern written by Robert Bud and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2018-10-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early decades of the twentieth century, engagement with science was commonly used as an emblem of modernity. This phenomenon is now attracting increasing attention in different historical specialties. Being Modern builds on this recent scholarly interest to explore engagement with science across culture from the end of the nineteenth century to approximately 1940. Addressing the breadth of cultural forms in Britain and the western world from the architecture of Le Corbusier to working class British science fiction, Being Modern paints a rich picture. Seventeen distinguished contributors from a range of fields including the cultural study of science and technology, art and architecture, English culture and literature examine the issues involved. The book will be a valuable resource for students, and a spur to scholars to further examination of culture as an interconnected web of which science is a critical part, and to supersede such tired formulations as 'Science and culture'.
Download or read book Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object written by Jonathan Simon and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduced in 1894 as a treatment for a deadly childhood disease, the diphtheria serum stands as a milestone in pharmaceutical history. Diphtheria Serum as a Technological Object: A Philosophical Analysis of Serotherapy in France 1894-1900 considers the production and use of this serum in France, analyzing the drug in terms of a technological object. To do this, Jonathan Simon draws on the philosophy of technology, exploring the application of this approach to medical drugs and suggesting how such an analysis can in turn contribute to this domain of philosophy. Starting with the manufacture of the serum from horses’ blood, Simon then considers the processes involved in transforming the blood serum into a legal medical drug and establishing its efficacy as a treatment against diphtheria. The book looks at the place the drug assumed in French society at the time, as well as the legal and political implications of its manufacture and use. All these elements are deployed to characterize a specifically French serum, as the author argues that the constitution of the drug in its full sense is not only technical but also social, political, and legal. Considering the serum as technological object facilitates a philosophical reflection on the nature of medical drugs in general by means of a thorough analysis of this particular historical example. The insights offered in this book will be of interest to students and scholars working on the philosophy of technology, particularly the medical sciences, as well as to historians of medicine, particularly those interested in the history of pharmacy.
Download or read book A Short History of Medicine written by Erwin H. Ackerknecht and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Erwin H. Ackerknecht’s A Short History of Medicine is a concise narrative, long appreciated by students in the history of medicine, medical students, historians, and medical professionals as well as all those seeking to understand the history of medicine. Covering the broad sweep of discoveries from parasitic worms to bacilli and x-rays, and highlighting physicians and scientists from Hippocrates and Galen to Pasteur, Koch, and Roentgen, Ackerknecht narrates Western and Eastern civilization’s work at identifying and curing disease. He follows these discoveries from the library to the bedside, hospital, and laboratory, illuminating how basic biological sciences interacted with clinical practice over time. But his story is more than one of laudable scientific and therapeutic achievement. Ackerknecht also points toward the social, ecological, economic, and political conditions that shape the incidence of disease. Improvements in health, Ackerknecht argues, depend on more than laboratory knowledge: they also require that we improve the lives of ordinary men and women by altering social conditions such as poverty and hunger. This revised and expanded edition includes a new foreword and concluding biographical essay by Charles E. Rosenberg, Ackerknecht’s former student and a distinguished historian of medicine. A new bibliographic essay by Lisa Haushofer explores recent scholarship in the history of medicine. -- Charles E. Rosenberg, Harvard University, author of Our Present Complaint: American Medicine, Then and Now
Download or read book A Medical History of Skin written by Kevin Patrick Siena and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diseases affecting the skin have tended to provoke a response of particular horror in society. This collection of essays uses case studies to chart the medical history of skin from the eighteenth to the twentieth century.
Download or read book Health and Citizenship written by Frank Huisman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-06 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays looks at issues of health and citizenship in Europe across two centuries. Contributors examine the extent to which the state can interfere with the private lives of its citizens, the role of individual responsibility and if any boundary occurs in terms of what the state can realistically provide.
Download or read book Heredity Explored written by Staffan Müller-Wille and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the wide range of scientific and social arenas in which the concept of inheritance gained relevance in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although genetics emerged as a scientific discipline during this period, the idea of inheritance also played a role in a variety of medical, agricultural, industrial, and political contexts. The book, which follows an earlier collection, Heredity Produced (covering the period 1500 to 1870), addresses heredity in national debates over identity, kinship, and reproduction; biopolitical conceptions of heredity, degeneration, and gender; agro-industrial contexts for newly emerging genetic rationality; heredity and medical research; and the genealogical constructs and experimental systems of genetics that turned heredity into a representable and manipulable object. Taken together, the essays in Heredity Explored show that a history of heredity includes much more than the history of genetics, and that knowledge of heredity was always more than the knowledge formulated as Mendelism. It was the broader public discourse of heredity in all its contexts that made modern genetics possible.
Download or read book Doctoring Traditions written by Projit Bihari Mukharji and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is considerable interest now in the contemporary lives of the so-called traditional medicines of South Asia and beyond. "Doctoring Traditions, "which examines Ayurveda in British India, particularly Bengal, roughly from the 1860s to the 1930s, is a welcome departure even within the available work in the area. For in it the author subtly interrogates the therapeutic changes that created modern Ayurveda. He does so by exploring how Ayurvedic ideas about the body changed dramatically in the modern period and by breaking with the oft-repeated but scantily examined belief that changes in Ayurvedic understandings of the body were due to the introduction of cadaveric dissections and Western anatomical knowledge. "Doctoring Traditions" argues that the actual motor of change were a number of small technologies that were absorbed into Ayurvedic practice at the time, including thermometers and microscopes. In each of its five core chapters the book details how the adoption of a small technology set in motion a dramatic refiguration of the body. This book will be required reading for historians both of medicine and South Asia.
Download or read book Setting Nutritional Standards written by Elizabeth Neswald and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2017 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suzanne Junod's essay "Proscribing Deception": The Gould Net Weight Amendment and the Origins of Mandatory Nutrition Labeling" is the winner of the 2017 Charles Thomson Prize of the Society for the History of the Federal Government. In the second half of the nineteenth century, ways of thinking about food changed as chemists and physiologists identified nutrients and bodily needs and as urbanization, industrialization, and colonial encounters challenged traditional dietary customs and assumptions. Emerging as a reaction to concerns about industrial and military power, social welfare, and public health, the science of nutrition sought to define the norms and needs of variable human bodies, setting standards for bodies and foods that would enable physicians and politicians to develop nutritional recommendations and food policies for individuals and populations. Setting Nutritional Standards brings together authors from a variety of disciplines to explore perspectives on the theory, practices, and policies of modern nutrition science from the 1860s to the 1960s. The essays place the new science of nutrition within the changing social landscapes of Western Europe and the United States at the intersection of medicine, policy, social reform agendas, and public health initiatives. CONTRIBUTORS: Nick Cullather, Suzanne Junod, Deborah Neill, Elizabeth Neswald, David F. Smith, Ulrike Thoms, Corinna Treitel, Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska Elizabeth Neswald is associate professor for the history of science and technology at Brock University, Canada. David F. Smith is Honorary Senior Lecturer in the history of medicine at the University of Aberdeen. Ulrike Thoms is a historian of science and researcher at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science.
Download or read book Reproduction written by Nick Hopwood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 1387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From contraception to cloning and pregnancy to populations, reproduction presents urgent challenges today. This field-defining history synthesizes a vast amount of scholarship to take the long view. Spanning from antiquity to the present day, the book focuses on the Mediterranean, western Europe, North America and their empires. It combines history of science, technology and medicine with social, cultural and demographic accounts. Ranging from the most intimate experiences to planetary policy, it tells new stories and revises received ideas. An international team of scholars asks how modern 'reproduction' - an abstract process of perpetuating living organisms - replaced the old 'generation' - the active making of humans and beasts, plants and even minerals. Striking illustrations invite readers to explore artefacts, from an ancient Egyptian fertility figurine to the announcement of the first test-tube baby. Authoritative and accessible, Reproduction offers students and non-specialists an essential starting point and sets fresh agendas for research.
