Download or read book Biological Perspectives written by Biological Sciences Curriculum Studies and published by . This book was released on 2006-01-31 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Social Learning written by Thomas R. Zentall and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1988. During the past decade there has been a marked increase in the number of North American and European laboratories engaged in the study of social learning. As a consequence, evidence is rapidly accumulating that in animals, as in humans, social interaction plays an important role in facilitating development of adaptive patterns of behavior. Experimenters are isolated both by the phenomena they study and by the species with which they work. The process of creating a coherent field out of the diversity of current social learning research is likely to be both long and difficult. It the authors’ hope, that the present volume may prove a useful first step in bringing order to a diverse field.
Download or read book Human Aging written by Augustine Gaspar DiGiovanna and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides comprehensive coverage of biological aspects of human ageing at a level accessible to students with little or no science background. It is aimed at students pursuing a career working with, or for, the elderly. Each system is covered in its own chapter. Individual chapters present the structure and function of each body system, followed by natural age changes, and conclude with abnormal changes or diseased conditions of the elderly. Homeostasis is a unifying theme throughout the text: systems are presented relative to the body's ability to maintain homeostasis and good health is the main theme.
Download or read book Perspectives on Organisms written by Giuseppe Longo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authored monograph introduces a genuinely theoretical approach to biology. Starting point is the investigation of empirical biological scaling including their variability, which is found in the literature, e.g. allometric relationships, fractals, etc. The book then analyzes two different aspects of biological time: first, a supplementary temporal dimension to accommodate proper biological rhythms; secondly, the concepts of protension and retention as a means of local organization of time in living organisms. Moreover, the book investigates the role of symmetry in biology, in view of its ubiquitous importance in physics. In relation with the notion of extended critical transitions, the book proposes that organisms and their evolution can be characterized by continued symmetry changes, which accounts for the irreducibility of their historicity and variability. The authors also introduce the concept of anti-entropy as a measure for the potential of variability, being equally understood as alterations in symmetry. By this, the book provides a mathematical account of Gould's analysis of phenotypic complexity with respect to biological evolution. The target audience primarily comprises researchers interested in new theoretical approaches to biology, from physical, biological or philosophical backgrounds, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students who want to enter this field.
Download or read book Biological Perspectives on Human Pigmentation written by Ashley H. Robins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-09-26 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skin color is perhaps the most decisive and abused physical characteristic of humankind. This book presents a multidisciplinary overview of how and why human populations vary so markedly in their skin color. The biological aspects of the pigment cell and its production of melanin are reviewed. The functions of melanin in the skin, brain, eye and ear are considered, and the common clinical abnormalities of pigmentation, such as albinism, are described and illustrated. Detailed reflectance data from worldwide surveys of skin color are also presented. Next, historical and contemporary backgrounds of the phenomenon are explored in relation to the so-called color problem in society. Finally, the possible evolutionary forces that shape human pigmentation are assessed.
Download or read book Biological Individuality written by Scott Lidgard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals are things that everybody knows—or thinks they do. Yet even scholars who practice or analyze the biological sciences often cannot agree on what an individual is and why. One reason for this disagreement is that the many important biological individuality concepts serve very different purposes—defining, classifying, or explaining living structure, function, interaction, persistence, or evolution. Indeed, as the contributors to Biological Individuality reveal, nature is too messy for simple definitions of this concept, organisms too quirky in the diverse ways they reproduce, function, and interact, and human ideas about individuality too fraught with philosophical and historical meaning. Bringing together biologists, historians, and philosophers, this book provides a multifaceted exploration of biological individuality that identifies leading and less familiar perceptions of individuality both past and present, what they are good for, and in what contexts. Biological practice and theory recognize individuals at myriad levels of organization, from genes to organisms to symbiotic systems. We depend on these notions of individuality to address theoretical questions about multilevel natural selection and Darwinian fitness; to illuminate empirical questions about development, function, and ecology; to ground philosophical questions about the nature of organisms and causation; and to probe historical and cultural circumstances that resonate with parallel questions about the nature of society. Charting an interdisciplinary research agenda that broadens the frameworks in which biological individuality is discussed, this book makes clear that in the realm of the individual, there is not and should not be a direct path from biological paradigms based on model organisms through to philosophical generalization and historical reification.
Download or read book Biological Extinction written by Partha Dasgupta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions why species are becoming extinct, and how we can protect the natural world on which we all depend.
Download or read book Re imagining Milk written by Andrea S. Wiley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Milk is a fascinating food: it is produced by mothers of each mammalian species for consumption by nursing infants of that species, yet many humans drink the milk of another species (mostly cows) and they drink it throughout life. Thus we might expect that this dietary practice has some effects on human biology that are different from other foods. In Re-imagining Milk Wiley considers these, but also puts milk-drinking into a broader historical and cross-cultural context. In particular, she asks how dietary policies promoting milk came into being in the U.S., how they intersect with biological variation in milk digestion, how milk consumption is related to child growth, and how milk is currently undergoing globalizing processes that contribute to its status as a normative food for children (using India and China as examples). Wiley challenges the reader to re-evaluate their assumptions about cows' milk as a food for humans. Informed by both biological and social theory and data, Re-imagining Milk provides a biocultural analysis of this complex food and illustrates how a focus on a single commodity can illuminate aspects of human biology and culture.
Download or read book Understanding Abnormal Psychology written by Pamilla Ramsden and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Abnormal Psychology provides a thorough understanding of abnormal psychology with a focus on the integration of psychology, biology and health. It goes beyond a descriptive overview of clinical disorders to provide a critical appreciation of the multifaceted aspects of mental illness. Each disorder is clearly and succinctly explained with the support of case studies. These examples are then used to introduce the debates surrounding current research, the biology of abnormal disorders and standards of treatment. The bridge between the biological elements of brain functioning and the psychological mechanisms that are responsible for coping and adjustment is thoroughly explored. This valuable consideration of the range of elements involved in the diagnosis and treatment of clinical disorders will provide you with a broad and critical understanding of this complex and fascinating field. The companion website has a number of useful features for students, including a flipcard glossary of key terms from the textbook and a test bank of interactive self-assessment multiple-choice questions.
Download or read book Gender and Parenthood written by W. Bradford Wilcox and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-12 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this collection deploy biological and social scientific perspectives to evaluate the transformative experience of parenthood for today's women and men. They map the similar and distinct roles mothers and fathers play in their children's lives and measure the effect of gendered parenting on child well-being, work and family arrangements, and the quality of couples' relationships. Contributors describe what happens to brains and bodies when women become mothers and men become fathers; whether the stakes are the same or different for each sex; why, across history and cultures, women are typically more involved in childcare than men; why some fathers are strongly present in their children's lives while others are not; and how the various commitments men and women make to parenting shape their approaches to paid work and romantic relationships. Considering recent changes in men's and women's familial duties, the growing number of single-parent families, and the impassioned tenor of same-sex marriage debates, this book adds sound scientific and theoretical insight to these issues, constituting a standout resource for those interested in the causes and consequences of contemporary gendered parenthood.
Download or read book Biological Distance Analysis written by Marin A. Pilloud and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Distance Analysis: Forensic and Bioarchaeological Perspectives synthesizes research within the realm of biological distance analysis, highlighting current work within the field and discussing future directions. The book is divided into three main sections. The first section clearly outlines datasets and methods within biological distance analysis, beginning with a brief history of the field and how it has progressed to its current state. The second section focuses on approaches using the individual within a forensic context, including ancestry estimation and case studies. The final section concentrates on population-based bioarchaeological approaches, providing key techniques and examples from archaeological samples. The volume also includes an appendix with additional resources available to those interested in biological distance analyses. Defines datasets and how they are used within biodistance analysis Applies methodology to individual and population studies Bridges the sub-fields of forensic anthropology and bioarchaeology Highlights current research and future directions of biological distance analysis Identifies statistical programs and datasets for use in biodistance analysis Contains cases studies and thorough index for those interested in biological distance analyses
Download or read book Biological Information new Perspectives written by Robert Jackson Marks (II) and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 2013 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 2011, a diverse group of scientists gathered at Cornell University to discuss their research into the nature and origin of biological information. This symposium brought together experts in information theory, computer science, numerical simulation, thermodynamics, evolutionary theory, whole organism biology, developmental biology, molecular biology, genetics, physics, biophysics, mathematics, and linguistics. This volume presents new research by those invited to speak at the conference. The contributors to this volume use their wide-ranging expertise in the area of biological information to bring fresh insights into the explanatory difficulties that biological information raises. Going beyond the conventional scientific wisdom, which attempts to explain biological information reductionistically via chemical, genetic, and natural selective determinants, the work represented here develops novel non-reductionist approaches to biological information, looking notably to telic and self-organizational processes. Several clear themes emerged from these research papers: 1) Information is indispensable to our understanding of what life is. 2) Biological information is more than the material structures that embody it. 3) Conventional chemical and evolutionary mechanisms seem insufficient to fully explain the labyrinth of information that is life. By exploring new perspectives on biological information, this volume seeks to expand, encourage, and enrich research on the nature and origin of biological information.
Download or read book Alkaloids written by S. William Pelletier and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Philosophical Perspectives on the Engineering Approach in Biology written by Sune Holm and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-06-07 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical Perspectives on the Engineering Approach in Biology provides a philosophical examination of what has been called the most powerful metaphor in biology: The machine metaphor. The chapters collected in this volume discuss the idea that living systems can be understood through the lens of engineering methods and machine metaphors from both historical, theoretical, and practical perspectives. In their contributions the authors examine questions about scientific explanation and methodology, the interrelationship between science and engineering, and the impact that the use of engineering metaphors in science may have for bioethics and science communication, such as the worry that its wide application reinforces public misconceptions of the nature of new biotechnology and biological life. The book also contains an introduction that describes the rise of the machine analogy and the many ways in which it plays a central role in fundamental debates about e.g. design, adaptation, and reductionism in the philosophy of biology. The book will be useful as a core reading for professionals as well as graduate and undergraduate students in courses of philosophy of science and for life scientists taking courses in philosophy of science and bioethics.
Download or read book Health Psychology written by Margaret Snooks and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2009 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new and engaging text provides students with the latest research, theories, and skills to examine their health-related behaviors and attitudes. Emphasizing the biopsychosocial model, Health Psychology examines how biological, psychological, and social-cultural perspectives influence an individual’s overall health, and guides students through common health psychology topics, such as the rehabilitation of the sick and injured, how emotions cause change in the body’s biological system, the effects of stress on health, and much more. With its accessible writing style and numerous real-world examples, the text motivates students to make positive changes that are based on current health research.
Download or read book Neuropsychology of PTSD written by Jennifer J. Vasterling and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2005-05-20 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emotional and behavioral symptoms associated with PTSD have been widely studied, but until recently, much less was known about neuropsychological aspects of the disorder. This volume brings together leading experts to synthesize current knowledge on how trauma affects the brain. Integrating compelling insights from neurobiology with clinical and cognitive perspectives, the book presents cutting-edge theoretical advances with major implications for assessment and treatment. Clearly written and well documented, the volume explores the emergence of neuropsychological dysfunction in specific trauma populations: children, adults, older adults, and victims of closed-head injury. Coverage encompasses a range of chronic problems with memory, attention, and information processing, including biases in the ways that PTSD sufferers attend to and remember emotionally relevant information, as well as how they encode and retrieve trauma-related memories. Throughout, authors back up their arguments with salient empirical research, highlighting key findings from functional neuroimaging and electrophysiology. Methodological dilemmas and controversies are also addressed, such as the challenges of studying a disorder with frequent psychiatric and medical comorbidities. Timely and authoritative, this comprehensive work provides vital knowledge for trauma specialists and other researchers and clinicians, including neuropsychologists, clinical psychologists, and psychiatrists. It will also be of interest to advanced students in these areas.
Download or read book Biological Psychology written by Minna Lyons and published by Learning Matters. This book was released on 2014-03-21 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This accessible introductory text addresses the core knowledge domain of biological psychology, with focused coverage of the central concepts, research and debates in this key area. Biological Psychology outlines the importance and purpose of the biological approach and contextualises it with other perspectives in psychology, emphasizing the interaction between biology and the environment. Learning features including case studies, review questions and assignments are provided to aid students′ understanding and promote a critical approach. Extended critical thinking and skill-builder activities develop the reader′s higher-level academic skills.
