Download or read book Best Management Practices for Whitebark Pine pinus Albicaulis written by Randy Moody and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Whitebark Pine Communities written by Diana F. Tomback and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine is a dominant feature of western high-mountain regions, offering an important source of food and high-quality habitat for species ranging from Clark's nutcracker to the grizzly bear. But in the northwestern United States and southwestern Canada, much of the whitebark pine is disappearing. Why is a high-mountain species found in places rarely disturbed by humans in trouble? And what can be done about it.Whitebark Pine Communities addresses those questions, explaining how a combination of altered fire regimes and fungal infestation is leading to a rapid decline of this once abundant -- and ecologically vital -- species. Leading experts in the field explain what is known about whitebark pine communities and their ecological value, examine its precarious situation, and present the state of knowledge concerning restoration alternatives. The book. presents an overview of the ecology and status of whitebark pine communities offers a basic understanding of whitebark pine taxonomy, distribution, and ecology, including environmental tolerances, community disturbance processes, regeneration processes, species interactions, and genetic population structure identifies the threats to whitebark pine communities explains the need for management intervention surveys the extent of impact and losses to dateMore importantly, the book clearly shows that the knowledge and management tools are available to restore whitebark pine communities both locally and on a significant scale regionally, and it provides specific information about what actions can and must be taken.Whitebark Pine Communities offers a detailed portrait of the ecology of whitebark pine communities and the current threats to them. It brings together leading experts to provide in-depth information on research needs, management approaches, and restoration activities, and will be essential reading for ecologists, land managers, and anyone concerned with the health of forest ecosystems in the western United States.

Download or read book Proceedings Symposium on Whitebark Pine Ecosystems written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Silvics of Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis written by Stephen F. Arno and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a long-lived tree inhabiting the upper subalpine forest and timberline zone on high mountains of Western North America. The species' habitat, life history, growth and yield, mortality factors, special uses, and genetics are described.

Download or read book Conservation and Management of Whitebark Pine Ecosystems written by Dana L. Perkins and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), an important component of western high-elevation forests, has been declining in both the United States and Canada from the combined effects of the exotic disease white pine blister rust (caused by the pathogen Cronartium ribicola), mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, altered fire regimes, and climate change. These combined threats have led to the recent listing of whitebark pine as a high priority Candidate Species under the Endangered Species Act.

Download or read book A Range wide Restoration Strategy for Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), an important component of western high-elevation forests, has been declining in both the United States and Canada since the early Twentieth Century from the combined effects of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, fire exclusion policies, and the spread of the exotic disease white pine blister rust (caused by the pathogen Cronartium ribicola). The pine is now a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act. Within the last decade, with major surges of pine beetle and increasing damage and mortality from blister rust, the cumulative whitebark pine losses have altered high-elevation community composition and ecosystem processes in many regions. Whitebark pine is a keystone species because of its various roles in supporting community diversity and a foundation species for its roles in promoting community development and stability. Since more than 90 percent of whitebark pine forests occur on public lands in the United States and Canada, maintaining whitebark pine communities requires a coordinated and trans-boundary effort across Federal and provincial land management agencies to develop a comprehensive strategy for restoration of this declining ecosystem. We outline a range-wide strategy for maintaining whitebark pine populations in high mountain areas based on the most current knowledge of the efficacy of techniques and differences in their application across communities. The strategy is written as a general guide for planning, designing, implementing, and evaluating fine-scale restoration activities for whitebark pine by public land management agencies, and to encourage agency and inter-agency coordination for greater efficiency. The strategy is organized into six scales of implementation, and each scale is described by assessment factors, restoration techniques, management concerns, and examples.

Download or read book Conservation and Management of Whitebark Pine Ecosystems on Bureau of Land Management Lands in the Western United States written by Dana L. Perkins and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.), an important component of western high-elevation forests, has been declining in both the United States and Canada from the combined effects of the exotic disease white pine blister rust (caused by the pathogen Cronartium ribicola), mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, altered fire regimes, and climate change. These combined threats have led to the recent listing of whitebark pine as a high priority Candidate Species under the Endangered Species Act.

Download or read book Management Guide to Ecosystem Restoration Treatments written by Robert Keane and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-13 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) forests are declining across most of their range in North America because of the combined effects of three factors: (1) several major mountain pine beetle epidemics that occurred over the last 70 years, (2) an extensive and successful fire exclusion management policy, and (3) extensive infections of the exotic white pine blister rust fungus (Cronartium ribicola). The loss of whitebark pine is serious for upper subalpine ecosystems because it is considered a keystone species across most of its range, producing large seeds that are an important food source for more than 110 animal species.

Download or read book A Range Wide Restoration Strategy for Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis written by U.s. Department of Agriculture and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) forests are declining across most of their range in North America because of the combined effects of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, fire exclusion policies, and the exotic pathogen Cronartium ribicola, which infects five-needle white pines and causes the disease white pine blister rust. The loss of this high-elevation tree species poses serious consequences for upper subalpine ecosystems, both in terms of impacts on biodiversity and losses in ecosystem processes; whitebark pine is now a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act. Large, nutritious seeds produced by whitebark pine are an important food for many bird and small mammal species, as well as grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) and black bears (Ursus americanus), and whitebark pine communities provide habitat for many additional wildlife species. Whitebark pine seed dispersal by Clark's nutcrackers (Nucifraga columbiana) combined with hardy seedlings results in early whitebark pine community development after fire and other disturbances; whitebark pine seedlings survive on harsh, arid sites and may act as nurse trees to less hardy conifers and vegetation. Whitebark pine at higher elevations, where it is common in many regions, helps regulate snow melt and reduce soil erosion. For these collective functions, whitebark pine is considered both a keystone species for promoting community diversity and a foundation species for promoting community stability. Since more than 90 percent of whitebark pine forests exist on public land in the United States and Canada, it is important that government natural resource management agencies play an important role in ensuring future presence of this tree species by initiating concerted, coordinated, and comprehensive restoration efforts. This is best accomplished through a coordinated, trans-boundary restoration strategy that includes shared infrastructure and expertise for conserving seeds, growing blister rust-resistant seedlings, protecting trees, restoring ecosystem processes, and promoting natural regeneration. We detail a multi-scale strategy for restoring whitebark pine across its range in the western United States and Canada. The strategy was compiled by researchers, land managers, and resource specialists for use as a reference for prioritizing, designing, and implementing successful whitebark pine restoration activities across many scales from stands to landscapes to its entire range. The whitebark pine restoration strategy consists of the following principles: (1) promote rust resistance, (2) conserve genetic diversity, (3) save seed sources, and (4) employ restoration treatments. These guiding principles are then used to implement the whitebark pine restoration strategy using a set of possible actions: 1. assess condition, 2. plan activities, 3. reduce pest impacts, 4. gather seed, 5. grow seedlings, 6. protect seed sources, 7. implement restoration treatments, 8. plant burned areas, 9. support research, and 10. monitor activities. The strategy is also organized by six spatial scales of analysis and organization: 1. range-wide, 2. region (National Forest Region or Provincial Regions), 3. forest (National Forest, National Park, and Canadian Forest District), 4. landscape (watershed or landform), 5. stand, and 6. tree. At each scale, we present four important factors in the restoration strategy: (1) assessment, (2) restoration actions, (3) management concerns, and (4) an example. Strategic restoration plans are presented for the coarse-scale strategies, while illustrated examples are presented for the finer scales (tree, stand, and landscape).

Download or read book Managing for Healthy White Pine Ecosystems in the United States to Reduce the Impacts of White Pine Blister Rust written by Safiya Samman and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Paleoecological Reconstruction of a Modern Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis Population in Grand Teton National Park WY written by Kyleen E. Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is a critically threatened North American conifer. In modern times, it has experienced a significant decline in population due to pine beetle infestations, blister rust infections, fire suppression, and climate change. While climate, fire, and vegetation are strongly linked on regional and global scales, the relative roles of these three factors are not well-documented during the Holocene in high elevation mountain sites of North America. Recent anthropogenic changes in climate and fire management practices are underway, but the potential responses of subalpine vegetation to these environmental changes remain relatively unknown. Here, I documented the paleoecology of a watershed surrounding an unnamed, high-altitude pond containing a large number of whitebark pine trees located at 2805m elevation in Grand Teton National Park, U.S.A. Using a 1.5 meter lacustrine sediment core collected in 2010, I generated a Holocene-scale fire and vegetation record using fossil pollen, charcoal, and macrofossils preserved within the core. I also conducted a dendrochronological study of the current stand of whitebark pine in the watershed to determine both approximate dates of establishment and responses to past climate change of this modern stand. Sedimentary charcoal data indicate significant variability in both fire frequency and fire intensity during the Holocene. The fire regime observed in the past 1000 years is seemingly unprecedented at this site, with lower fire frequency and higher fire intensity than any other time during the Holocene. Sedimentary pollen data suggest the study site has been primarily dominated by whitebark pine until the last 1000 years, with brief periods of vegetation dominated by non-arboreal taxa that indicate the presence of either successional dynamics or shifts in treeline location. Ages of individual living whitebark pine trees average 365 years, and dendrochronology data suggest that ring widths of the current stand have been declining since 1991. Statistical analyses of PRISM climate data with ring width data suggest that this decrease in annual growth is likely the result of decreased growing season temperature ranges driven by a warming climate. While this stand of whitebark pine is threatened by both warming climate and fire suppression, there is the potential for low-intensity prescribed burns to play a role in conservation and restoration management plans for this threatened conifer.

Download or read book Silvics of Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis written by Stephen F. Amo and published by Ecosystems Research Alliance. This book was released on 1997-06 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effective Methods of Regenerating Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis Through Direct Seeding written by Clay Robert DeMastus and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapidly diminishing populations of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) have sparked efforts to restore this ecologically important species and the communities they support. Current restoration efforts have proven to be costly, time consuming, and labor intensive. Implementation of direct seeding as a restoration method, if found effective, would likely decrease the amount of time, money, and labor expended on these efforts. This study looks at the effectiveness of direct seeding through a series of tests performed at six sites throughout the northern Rocky Mountains. The tests consist of a complete randomized block design with five blocks of eight treatments at each site. Treatments include seed treatments of warm stratification, scarification, and both warm stratification and scarification combined. Caging treatments are also implemented into each block. Testing the effectiveness of seed caching and long term survival rates of outplanted nursery grown seedling versus directly sown seeds was also carried out by planting caches next to nursery seedlings throughout each site. A logistic regression analysis consistently estimated seeds undergoing the warm stratification treatment to have the highest combined germination and survivalrates. Caging was found to be effective at increasing germination under certain circumstances as well as increasing survival possibly due to the shading properties the cages provided. Seed caching did not appear to have an effect on survival of directly sown seeds. Caching also did not appear to have an effect on germination with the exception of one site. Initial results of long term survival rates of outplanted nursery grown seedlings compared to germination and survival rates of directly sown seeds showed higher rates for the nursery grown seedlings. Additional monitoring will be needed to determine long-term survival differences. From the results of this study, it is felt that the implementation of direct seeding of warm stratified seed as a restoration method will be successful and cost effective. Caging, although found effective in this study, is felt to posses more disadvantages than advantages. Its advantages in the aspect of survival could be replaced with other microsite planting techniques. Seed caching, at this time, is not recommended as more research is needed.

Download or read book A Review of the Literature on Seed Fate in Whitebark Pine and the Life History Traits of Clark s Nutcracker and Pine Squirrels written by Teresa J. Lorenz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine is a critical component of subalpine ecosystems in western North America, where it contributes to biodiversity and ecosystem function and in some communities is considered a keystone species. Whitebark pine is undergoing rangewide population declines attributed to the combined effects of mountain pine beetle, white pine blister rust, and fire suppression. The restoration and maintenance of whitebark pine populations require an understanding of all aspects of seed fate. In this paper, we review the literature on seed dispersal in whitebark pine. Clark's nutcracker, pine squirrels, and scatter-hoarding rodents are all known to influence whitebark pine seed fate and ultimately affect the ability of whitebark pine populations to regenerate. We also provide a general overview of the natural histories of the most influential species involved with whitebark pine seed fate: Clark's nutcracker and the pine squirrel.

Download or read book The Effects of Seed Source Health on Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis Regeneration Density After Wildfire written by Signe B. Leirfallom and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) populations are declining nearly rangewide from a combination of factors, including mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, 1902) outbreaks, the exotic pathogen Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch. 1872, which causes the disease white pine blister rust, and successional replacement due to historical fire exclusion practices. With high mortality in cone-bearing whitebark pine, seed production may not be sufficient to support natural regeneration after disturbance such as wildfire. Our objective was to examine the relationship between whitebark pine seed source health and whitebark pine regeneration density in adjacent burns. We sampled regeneration and seed source health in 15 burns within six national forests and three Wilderness Areas in Montana, ranging from 5 to 23 years old. We found a significant, positive relationship between seed source health and seedling density in adjacent burns. Natural regeneration was sparse when the proportion of damaged or dead whitebark pine in the seed source exceeded 50%. Factors that influenced the presence of whitebark pine regeneration within a burn included both vegetation cover and potential solar radiation. Sites closer to seed sources had higher probabilities of seedling occurrence, but seedlings were present throughout most burns. Our results suggest that managers can prioritize restoration plantings of whitebark pine seedlings after wildfire based on the health status of the nearest seed sources.

Download or read book A Range Wide Restoration Strategy for Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-13 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), an important component of western highelevation forests, has been declining in both the United States and Canada since the early Twentieth Century from the combined effects of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreaks, fire exclusion policies, and the spread of the exotic disease white pine blister rust (caused by the pathogen Cronartium ribicola). The pine is now a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act. Within the last decade, with major surges of pine beetle and increasing damage and mortality from blister rust, the cumulative whitebark pine losses have altered high-elevation community composition and ecosystem processes in many regions.

Download or read book Status of the Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis in Alberta written by Brendan Wilson and published by Alberta Conservation Association. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every five years, the Fish and Wildlife Division of Alberta Sustainable Resource Development reviews the general status of wildlife species in Alberta. These overviews assign individual species "ranks" that reflect the perceived level of risk to populations that occur in the province. This document presents the Division's report concerning the status of the whitebark pine. Information is provided regarding the following aspects of the species: habitat, conservation biology, distribution, population size and trends, limiting factors, and status designations.--Includes text from document.