Download or read book Benchmarking the Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering Basic Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-12-14 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical engineering is critical to the design, manufacture, and operation of small and large mechanical systems throughout the U.S. economy. This book highlights the main findings of a benchmarking exercise to rate the standing of U.S. mechanical engineering basic research relative to other regions or countries. The book includes key factors that influence U.S. performance in mechanical engineering research, and near- and longer-term projections of research leadership. U.S. leadership in mechanical engineering basic research overall will continue to be strong. Contributions of U.S. mechanical engineers to journal articles will increase, but so will the contributions from other growing economies such as China and India. At the same time, the supply of U.S. mechanical engineers is in jeopardy, because of declines in the number of U.S. citizens obtaining advanced degrees and uncertain prospects for continuing to attract foreign students. U.S. funding of mechanical engineering basic research and infrastructure will remain level, with strong leadership in emerging areas.
Download or read book International Benchmarking of U S Chemical Engineering Research Competitiveness written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-08-12 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than $400 billion worth of products rely on innovations in chemistry. Chemical engineering, as an academic discipline and profession, has enabled this achievement. In response to growing concerns about the future of the discipline, International Benchmarking of U.S. Chemical Engineering Research Competitiveness gauges the standing of the U.S. chemical engineering enterprise in the world. This in-depth benchmarking analysis is based on measures including numbers of published papers, citations, trends in degrees conferred, patent productivity, and awards. The book concludes that the United States is presently, and is expected to remain, among the world's leaders in all subareas of chemical engineering research. However, U.S. leadership in some classical and emerging subareas will be strongly challenged. This critical analysis will be of interest to practicing chemical engineers, professors and students in the discipline, economists, policy makers, major research university administrators, and executives in industries dependent upon innovations in chemistry.
Download or read book Review of NASA s Exploration Technology Development Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-12 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To meet the objectives of the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE), NASA must develop a wide array of enabling technologies. For this purpose, NASA established the Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP). Currently, ETDP has 22 projects underway. In the report accompanying the House-passed version of the FY2007 appropriations bill, the agency was directed to request from the NRC an independent assessment of the ETDP. This interim report provides an assessment of each of the 22 projects including a quality rating, an analysis of how effectively the research is being carried out, and the degree to which the research is aligned with the VSE. To the extent possible, the identification and discussion of various cross-cutting issues are also presented. Those issues will be explored and discussed in more detail in the final report.
Download or read book A Constrained Space Exploration Technology Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In January 2004, President George W. Bush announced the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE), which instructed NASA to "Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations," among other objectives. As acknowledged in the VSE, significant technology development will be necessary to accomplish the goals it articulates. NASA's Exploration Technology Development Program (ETDP) is designed to support, develop, and ultimately provide the necessary technologies to meet the goals of the VSE. This book, a review of the ETDP, is broadly supportive of the intent and goals of the VSE, and finds the ETDP is making progress towards the stated goals of technology development. However, the ETDP is operating within significant constraints which limit its ability to successfully accomplish those goals-the still dynamic nature of the Constellation Program requirements, the constraints imposed by a limited budget, the aggressive time scale of early technology deliverables, and the desire to fully employ the NASA workforce.
Download or read book Review and Assessment of Developmental Issues Concerning the Metal Parts Treater Design for the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-04-26 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is in the process of destroying its chemical weapons stockpile. In 1996, Congress mandated that DOD demonstrate and select alternative methods to incineration at the Blue Grass and Pueblo sites. The Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives (ACWA) program was setup to oversee the development of these methods, and pilot plants were established at both sites. One of the new technologies being developed at the Blue Grass pilot plant are metal parts treaters (MPTs) to be used for the empty metal munitions cases. During recent testing, some issues arose with the MPTs that caused the ACWA to request a review by the NRC to investigate and determine their causes. This book presents a discussion of the MPT system; an assessment of the MPT testing activities; an analysis of thermal testing, modeling, and predicted throughput of the MPT; and an examination of the applicability of munitions treatment units under development at Pueblo for the Blue Grass pilot plant.
Download or read book Experiments in International Benchmarking of US Research Fields written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-28 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can the federal government gauge the overall health of scientific researchâ€"as a whole and in its partsâ€"and determine whether national funding adequately supports national research objectives? It is feasible to monitor US performance with field-by-field peer assessments. This might be done through the establishment of independent panels consisting of researchers who work in a field, individuals who work in closely related fields, and research "users" who follow the field closely. Some of these individuals should be outstanding foreign scientists in the field being examined. This technique of comparative international assessments is also known as international benchmarking. Experiments in International Benchmarking of U.S. Research Fields evaluates the feasibility and utility of the benchmarking technique. In order to do this, the report internationally benchmarks three fields: mathematics, immunology, and materials science and engineering, then summarizes the results of these experiments.
Download or read book The Future of U S Chemistry Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-07-08 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry plays a key role in conquering diseases, solving energy problems, addressing environmental problems, providing the discoveries that lead to new industries, and developing new materials and technologies for national defense and homeland security. However, the field is currently facing a crucial time of change and is struggling to position itself to meet the needs of the future as it expands beyond its traditional core toward areas related to biology, materials science, and nanotechnology. At the request of the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Research Council conducted an in-depth benchmarking analysis to gauge the current standing of the U.S. chemistry field in the world. The Future of U.S. Chemistry Research: Benchmarks and Challenges highlights the main findings of the benchmarking exercise.
Download or read book Science Technology and Global Economic Competitiveness written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Securing Advanced Manufacturing in the United States written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-11-11 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Manufacturing USA initiative seeks to reinforce U.S.-based advanced manufacturing through partnerships among industry, academia, and government. Started in 2012 and established with bipartisan support by the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014, the initiative envisages a nationwide network of research centers for manufacturing innovation. As of May 2017, 14 manufacturing innovation institutes had been established to facilitate the movement of early-stage research into proven capabilities ready for adoption by U.S. manufacturers. To better understand the role and experiences of the Manufacturing USA institutes to date, a committee of the Innovation Policy Forum of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on May 23, 2017 drawing together institute directors and manufacturing policy experts along with leaders from industry, academia, and government. Participants addressed the role of the manufacturing institutes in increasing advanced manufacturing in the United States, examined selected foreign programs designed to support advanced manufacturing, and reviewed recent assessments of existing institutes. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book Perspectives on U S Competitiveness in Science and Technology written by Titus Galama and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the United States in danger of losing its competitive edge in science and technology "S & T"? In response to this concern, the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness asked RAND to convene a meeting, held on November 8, 2006, to review evidence presented by experts from academia, government, and the private sector. The papers presented at the meeting addressed a wide range of issues surrounding the United States' current and future S & T competitiveness, including science policy, the quantitative assessment of S & T capability, globalization, the rise of Asia "particularly China and India", innovation, trade, technology diffusion, the increase in foreign-born S & T students and workers in the United States, new directions in the management and compensation of federal S & T workers, and national security and the defense industry. These papers provide a partial survey of the facts, challenges, and questions posed by the potential erosion of U.S.S & T capability. The importance of S & T to U.S. prosperity and security warrants that policymakers pay careful attention to the various high-level reports issued over the past ve years that warn of pressures on the U.S. lead in S & T. The intellectual point of embarkation for the RAND meeting was the foremost recent such report, Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future, by the National Academy of Sciences.
Download or read book MECHANICAL ENGINEERING written by Prabhu TL and published by NestFame Creations Pvt Ltd.. This book was released on with total page 2364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enter the realm of mechanical engineering, where imagination merges with technical prowess to create revolutionary solutions that shape our world. "Mechanical Engineering" is a comprehensive guide that embarks on an enthralling journey through the diverse facets of this dynamic discipline, illuminating the brilliance of innovation and precision that defines modern mechanical engineering. Embrace the Art and Science of Mechanics: Discover the heart and soul of mechanical engineering as this book unravels the intricacies of designing, analyzing, and optimizing mechanical systems. From classic machinery to cutting-edge robotics, "Mechanical Engineering" encompasses the full spectrum of this multifaceted field. Key Themes Explored: Machine Design: Explore the principles behind crafting robust and efficient machines to meet modern-day challenges. Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer: Delve into the world of energy conversion and thermal systems that drive our world. Robotics and Automation: Embrace the future with insights into robotic systems and automated manufacturing. Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics: Master the dynamics of fluid flow and aerodynamic design, powering our transportation and aviation. Manufacturing Processes: Uncover the methodologies that shape raw materials into functional components and products. Target Audience: "Mechanical Engineering" caters to mechanical engineers, students, and enthusiasts seeking to expand their understanding of this dynamic field. Whether you're involved in manufacturing, design, or robotics, this book will empower you to innovate and excel. Unique Selling Points: Expert Knowledge: Benefit from the wisdom and experience of seasoned mechanical engineers who share their insights. Hands-On Applications: Engage with practical examples and exercises that bridge theory with real-world applications. Technological Advancements: Stay abreast of the latest technological breakthroughs that are reshaping mechanical engineering. Global Perspectives: Embrace a diverse array of mechanical engineering perspectives from around the world. Ignite Your Engineering Passion: "Mechanical Engineering" is not just a book—it's a transformative experience that will fuel your passion for innovation and precision. Whether you're a mechanical prodigy or an engineering enthusiast, this book will drive you towards excellence in the captivating world of mechanical engineering. Unveil the power of innovation! Secure your copy of "Mechanical Engineering" and embark on an extraordinary journey through the realm of mechanical ingenuity.
Download or read book Transport Benchmarking Methodologies Applications and Data Needs written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2000-09-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference proceedings defines transport benchmarking, analyzes its usefulness to policy makers and discusses what lessons can be drawn at the national and international level for policy makers.
Download or read book Assessment of Technologies Supported by the Office of Science and Technology Department of Energy Results of Peer Review for Fiscal Year written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Latin American Economic Outlook 2014 Logistics and Competitiveness for Development written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the Latin American Economic Outlook finds stable growth but uncertainty with regards to the commodity boom. The special theme is logistics and competitiveness.
Download or read book The United States Fire Administration Authorization for Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Basic Research and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Airborne Release Fractions written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers and published by Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers(IEEE). This book was released on 2002 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this project is to assess the technical basis and the numerical values for the Airborne Release Fractions (ARFs). These ARFs are used in both facility categorizaion and detailed accident analysis to estimate accident dose consequences for U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) nuclear facilities. The DOE standard (DOE 1997) on hazard categorizaion and accident analysis techniques known as DOE-STD-1027 does not address several forms of material encountered by the Office of Environmental Management (EM) at the various DOE sites. In early 1996 DOE attempted to establish and standardize ARF values across the EM complex by developing the EM Facility Hazard Categorization Standard (DOE 1996a,DOE 1996b), known as SAFT-0029, which included specific ARF values. However, SAFT-0029 was never finalized. The ARF numerical values included in SAFT-0029 are recognized and used by some DOE sites, but other DOE sites have been chosen to use only DOE-STD-1027 ARF values or to develop and use their own values based on their analyses and specific situations. The significance of ARF is derived from its contribution to the source term, which in turn is a key parameter for estimating the scope of the potential release spectrum from a facility or an activity and potential downwind consequences.
Download or read book Economic Reforms for Global Competitiveness written by Ushakov, Denis and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforms are a necessary part of social and economic regulation. Each year, political pressure for economic reform becomes more prevalent, especially from various international organizations and business associations. Economic Reforms for Global Competitiveness is an essential reference source for the latest scholarly research on important factors of modern countries’ social and economic dynamics. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as human capital, project management, and fiscal reforms, this book is ideally designed for academicians, researchers, and students seeking the latest material on the role and impact of economic reforms.
