Download or read book Behavioural Adaptation and Road Safety written by Christina Rudin-Brown and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite being an accepted construct in traffic and transport psychology, the precise nature of behavioural adaptation, including its causes and consequences, has not yet been established within the road safety community. A comprehensive collection of recent literature, Behavioural Adaptation and Road Safety: Theory, Evidence, and Action explores be

Download or read book Behavioural Adaptation and Road Safety written by Christina Rudin-Brown and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite being an accepted construct in traffic and transport psychology, the precise nature of behavioural adaptation, including its causes and consequences, has not yet been established within the road safety community. A comprehensive collection of recent literature, Behavioural Adaptation and Road Safety: Theory, Evidence, and Action explores behavioural adaptation in road users. It examines behavioural adaptation within the context of historical and theoretical perspectives, and puts forth tangible—and practical—solutions that can effectively address adverse behavioural adaptation to road safety interventions before it occurs. Edited by Christina Rudin-Brown and Samantha Jamson, with chapters authored by leading road safety experts in driver psychology and behaviour, the book introduces the concept of behavioural adaptation and details its more relevant issues. It reviews the definition of behavioural adaptation that was put forward by the OECD in 1990 and then puts this definition through its paces, identifying where it may be lacking and how it might be improved. This sets the context for the remaining chapters which take the OECD definition as their starting points. The book discusses the various theories and models of behavioural adaptation and more general theories of driver behaviour developed during the last half century. It provides examples of the "evidence" for behavioural adaptation—instances in which behavioural adaptation arose as a consequence of the introduction of safety countermeasures. The book then focuses on the internal, "human" element and considers countermeasures that might be used to limit the development of behavioural adaptation in various road user groups. The book concludes with practical tools and methodologies to address behavioural adaptation in research and design, and to limit the potential negative effects before they happen. Supplying easy-to-understand, accessible solutions that can be implemented early on in a road safety intervention’s design or conception phase, the chapters represent the most extensive compilation of literature relating to behavioural adaptation and its consequences since the 1990 OECD report. The book brings together earlier theories of behavioural adaptation with more recent theories in the area and combines them with practical advice, methods, and tangible solutions that can minimise the potential negative impact of behavioural adaptation on road user safety and address it before it occurs. It is an essential component of any road safety library, and should be of particular relevance to researchers, practitioners, designers, and policymakers who are interested in maximizing safety while at the same time encouraging innovation and excellence in road transport-related design.

Download or read book Behavioural Adaptations to Changes in the Road Transport System written by and published by Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development ; Washington, D.C. : obtainable from OECD Publications and Information Centre. This book was released on 1990 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Handbook of Road Safety Measures written by Rune Elvik and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2009-10-14 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains summaries of the knowledge regarding the effects of 128 road safety measures. This title covers various areas of road safety including: traffic control; vehicle inspection; driver training; publicity campaigns; police enforcement; and, general policy instruments. It also covers topics such as post-accident care, and speed cameras.

Download or read book Designing Safe Road Systems written by Jan Theeuwes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many books focus on individual differences and how those relate to traffic safety such as accident proneness, gender differences, age, alcohol, and the effects of drugs. Others focus on the safety effects regarding the vehicle such as airbags, anti-lock brakes, navigation systems, intelligent cruise control and other new gadgets coming to the vehicle. Even though these topics are undoubtedly important for traffic safety, this book takes a unique approach as it focuses solely on the road environment. Designing Safe Road Systems provides the background for those who want to know more about the effects of road design on driving behaviour. It uses a systems approach to allow a better understanding of why and in what circumstances drivers may commit errors. This understanding will ultimately lead to road systems that prevent (fatal) errors from occurring. The book contains an overview of the current models and theories about human performance and human behaviour in traffic that are relevant for all those involved in designing safe road systems. The central theme of this book is how design principles can reduce the probability of an error while driving. The authors demonstrate how knowledge of human factors helps a road authority to better understand how road users behave. They argue that in many cases the design of the environment can be further adjusted to human capabilities, and that safety should be considered a system property to be built into the road system.

Download or read book Behavioural Adaptation to In vehicle Navigation Systems written by Nicholas Lloyd Forbes and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD investigates driver behavioural adaptation to in-vehicle navigation systems (IVNS). Behavioural adaptation is receiving an increasing amount of research attention in traffic psychology, but few studies have directly considered the concept in relation to IVNS. The thesis aims were addressed using a range of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Using two online surveys, over 1300 drivers (including over 1000 IVNS users) were sampled, to identify a range of positive, neutral and negative aspects of end-user behavioural adaptation to IVNS in terms of both safety and navigational efficiency. The first survey (N=450) aimed at drivers in general, showed that IVNS users believe they commit some common driving errors (e.g. misreading signs when leaving a roundabout) significantly less frequently than ordinary drivers who do not use these systems, but that they also feel they drive without fully attending to the road ahead significantly more frequently. The second survey (N=872) was aimed at IVNS users only, and further explored distracted driving. This survey found that the majority of IVNS users have interacted with their system while driving (e.g. to enter a destination), and that some do so frequently. It also showed that system reliability is a key issue affecting most current IVNS users, revealing that some drivers have followed inaccurate as well as illegal and potentially dangerous, system-generated route guidance information in a range of different contexts. A longitudinal diary study (N=20) then collected rich qualitative data from a sample of worker drivers who regularly used their IVNS in unfamiliar areas. The data collected illustrated the diverse contexts in which drivers experience aspects of behavioural adaptation to IVNS identified in the surveys. Both the IVNS user-survey and diary study also identified key demographic individual difference variables (most notably age and computing skill) that were associated with the extent to which driverÂ's experienced different manifestations of behavioural adaptation to IVNS. Moreover, other individual difference variables (e.g. complacency potential, system-trust, confidence) were found to be associated with more specific behavioural adaptations. Two simulator studies investigated system interaction while driving. The first (N=24) demonstrated the poor degree of correspondence between driversÂ' perceptions of driving performance when entering destinations while driving (relative to normal driving) and objective performance differences between these conditions. The second simulator study (N=24) showed that safety and training based interventions designed to reduce the extent to which drivers use IVNS while driving or to improve their performance if they do had only a modest effect on dependent measures. This thesis represents the first attempt in the literature to bring together research from diverse areas of human factors and traffic psychology to consider behavioural adaptation to in-vehicle navigation systems. By associating a range of these issues with behavioural adaptation to IVNS, it has indirectly increased the scope of several salient, previous research findings. Moreover, by investigating many of these issues in depth, using both quantitative and qualitative methodological approaches, it has set the foundation for future work. Such work should aim to explore many of the issues raised, and develop effective remediating or mitigating intervention strategies for negative behavioural adaptations that could adversely affect driving safety, as well as to encourage and support those which may be considered more positive.

Download or read book Modelling Driver Behaviour in Automotive Environments written by Carlo Cacciabue and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-28 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a general overview of the various factors that contribute to modelling human behaviour in automotive environments. This long-awaited volume, written by world experts in the field, presents state-of-the-art research and case studies. It will be invaluable reading for professional practitioners graduate students, researchers and alike.

Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-10-05 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the basic research procedures used in the area of driving behavior and highway safety.

Download or read book Advances in Traffic Psychology written by Mark Sullman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic psychology is a rapidly expanding and broad field within applied psychology with a considerable volume of research activities and a growing network of academic strands of enquiry. The discipline primarily focuses on the behaviour of road users and the psychological processes underlying these behaviours, looking at issues such as cognition, distraction, fatigue, personality and social aspects, often delivering practical applications and educational interventions. Traffic psychology has been the focus of research for almost as long as the motor car has been in existence and was first recognised as a discipline in 1990 when the International Association of Applied Psychology formed Division 13: Traffic and Transportation Psychology. The benefits of understanding traffic psychology are being increasingly recognised by a whole host of organisations keen to improve road safety or minimise health and safety risks when travelling in vehicles. The objective of this volume is to describe and discuss recent advances in the study of traffic psychology, with a major focus on how the field contributes to the understanding of at-risk road-user behaviour. The intended readerships include road-safety researchers from a variety of different academic backgrounds, senior practitioners in the field including regulatory authorities, the private and public sector personnel, and vehicle manufacturers concerned with improving road safety.

Download or read book Behavioural Adaptation and Adaptive Cruise Control written by Canada. Transport Canada. Road Safety and Motor Vehicle Regulation Directorate. Ergonomics Division and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Traffic Psychology written by Bryan E. Porter and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Traffic Psychology covers all key areas of research in this field including theory, applications, methodology and analyses, variables that affect traffic, driver problem behaviors, and countermeasures to reduce risk on roadways. Comprehensive in scope, the methodology section includes case-control studies, self-report instruments and methods, field methods and naturalistic observational techniques, instrumented vehicles and in-car recording techniques, modeling and simulation methods, in vivo methods, clinical assessment, and crash datasets and analyses. Experienced researchers will better understand what methods are most useful for what kinds of studies and students can better understand the myriad of techniques used in this discipline. Focuses specifically on traffic, as opposed to transport Covers all key areas of research in traffic psychology including theory, applications, methodology and analyses, variables that affect traffic, driver problem behaviors, and countermeasures to reduce the risk of variables and behavior Contents include how to conduct traffic research and how to analyze data Contributors come from more than 10 countries, including US, UK, Japan, Netherlands, Ireland, Switzerland, Mexico, Australia, Canada, Turkey, France, Finland, Norway, Israel, and South Africa

Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.

Download or read book Human Behavior and Traffic Safety written by Leonard Evans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the papers and discussions from a Symposium on :'Hu man Behavior and Traffic Safety" held at the General Motors Research Labora tories on September 23-25, 1984. This Symposium was the twenty-ninth in an annual series sponsored by the Research Laboratories. Initiated in 1957, these symposia have as their objective the promotion of the interchange of knowledge among specialists from many allied disciplines in rapidly developing or chang ing areas of science or technology. Attendees characteristically represent the aca demic, government, and industrial institutions that are noted for their ongoing activities in the particular area of interest. of this Symposium was to focus on the role of human behavior The objective in traffic safety. In this regard, a clear distinction is drawn between, on the one hand, "human behavior," and on the other "human performance." Human per formance at the driving task, or what the driver can do, has been the subject of much research reported in the technical literature. Although clearly of some rel evance, questions of performance do not appear to be central to most traffic crashes. Of much more central importance is human behavior, or what the driver in fact does. This is much more difficult to determine, and is the subject of the Symposium.

Download or read book Driver Behavioral Adaptation to In vehicle Technologies written by Yiyun Peng and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS) can assist drivers by increasing both safety and efficiency, but may also divert drivers' attention away from the road and cause distractions. The goal of this dissertation is to examine the effect of entering and reading text while driving, and how the drivers adapt their behavior over time under different traffic conditions. Two experiments have been conducted for this purpose. The main objective of the first experiment is to understand drivers' behavior adaptation with varying task demands. The findings showed that drivers had longer eyes-off-road (EOR) time for tasks with higher demands. However, the increase of glance duration had a tendency to flatten out with the increasing task demands, which suggests a risk compensation behavior. The objective of the second experiment is to examine the drivers' behavior adaptation on using IVIS under different traffic conditions and over time. The results showed that EOR was significantly longer over time and shorter when there was traffic on the road. However, drivers were able to improve lateral control over time. This suggests that, with practice, drivers were able to have better control of the vehicle, but also tend to look longer off the road toward the IVIS tasks as they gain confidence, which may impose greater risks on the driver under complex driving situations.

Download or read book Improving Road Safety by Attitude Modification written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.

Download or read book Transport Planning and Traffic Safety written by Geetam Tiwari and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recognition of the importance of road safety as a major health issue, the World Health Organization has declared 2011-2021 the Decade of Safety Action. Several countries in Europe, North America, and Asia have been successful in reducing fatalities and injuries due to road traffic crashes. However, many low-income countries continue to experience high rates of traffic fatalities and injuries. Transport Planning and Traffic Safety: Making Cities, Roads, and Vehicles Safer offers a source book for road safety training courses as well as an introductory textbook for graduate-level courses on road safety taught in engineering institutes. It brings together the international experiences and lessons learned from countries which have been successful in reducing traffic crashes and their applicability in low-income countries. The content is based on lectures delivered during an international course on transportation planning and traffic safety, sponsored annually by the Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme (TRIPP) at the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. The book is interdisciplinary and aimed at professionals—traffic and road engineers, vehicle designers, law enforcers, and transport planners. The authors examine trends in performance of OECD countries and highlight the public health and systems approach of traffic safety with the vulnerable road user in focus. Topics include land use (transportation planning, mobility, and safety), safety education and legislation, accident analysis, road safety research, human tolerance to injury, vehicle design, safety in construction zones, safety in urban areas, traffic calming, public transportation, safety laws and policies, and pre-hospital care of the injured.