Download or read book Behavior Analysis and Modeling of Traffic Participants written by Xiaolin Song and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A road traffic participant is a person who directly participates in road traffic, such as vehicle drivers, passengers, pedestrians, or cyclists, however, traffic accidents cause numerous property losses, bodily injuries, and even deaths to them. To bring down the rate of traffic fatalities, the development of the intelligent vehicle is a much-valued technology nowadays. It is of great significance to the decision making and planning of a vehicle if the pedestrians' intentions and future trajectories, as well as those of surrounding vehicles, could be predicted, all in an effort to increase driving safety. Based on the image sequence collected by onboard monocular cameras, we use the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) based network with an enhanced attention mechanism to realize the intention and trajectory prediction of pedestrians and surrounding vehicles. However, although the fully automatic driving era still seems far away, human drivers are still a crucial part of the road‒driver‒vehicle system under current circumstances, even dealing with low levels of automatic driving vehicles. Considering that more than 90 percent of fatal traffic accidents were caused by human errors, thus it is meaningful to recognize the secondary task while driving, as well as the driving style recognition, to develop a more personalized advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) or intelligent vehicle. We use the graph convolutional networks for spatial feature reasoning and the LSTM networks with the attention mechanism for temporal motion feature learning within the image sequence to realize the driving secondary-task recognition. Moreover, aggressive drivers are more likely to be involved in traffic accidents, and the driving risk level of drivers could be affected by many potential factors, such as demographics and personality traits. Thus, we will focus on the driving style classification for the longitudinal car-following scenario. Also, based on the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2) naturalistic driving database, the relationships among drivers' demographic characteristics, sensation seeking, risk perception, and risky driving behaviors are fully discussed. Results and conclusions from this short book are expected to offer potential guidance and benefits for promoting the development of intelligent vehicle technology and driving safety.

Download or read book Towards a Functional Model of the Behavior of the Traffic Participant written by Petrus Franciscus Lourens and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Human Behaviour and Traffic Networks written by Michael Schreckenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-04-29 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do people behave in different traffic situations? Are there general laws for mathematical modelling of decision dynamics? The answers, given at the first international workshop on "Human Behaviour in Traffic Networks", are presented in this volume. In 13 articles, well-known experts report about their current work on experiments and modelling in this area. The topics range from psychological behaviour in traffic situations, traffic simulations of various aspects and market analysis to experiments with human participants used in experimental economics. The articles filled with many illustrations are aimed at interested students as well as experts in this field.

Download or read book Transportation and Behavior written by Irwin Altman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume in our series, Human Behavior and Environment, is devoted to a specific topic, continuing the pattern established in the last two volumes. The current theme is behavioral science aspects of trans portation. This topic was chosen to exemplify a problem area of practical import to which psychologists, sociologists, and other behavioral and social scientists can make and have been making notable contributions. Our volume includes papers from a variety of psychological perspec tives, including human factors, environmental psychology, and be havior modification, along with other contributions from a sociologist and a transportation engineer interested in behavioral science contribu tions to transportation. Joining us as guest editor for this volume is Peter Everett, an environmental psychologist whose area of specialty is the study of behavioral components of transportation systems. Volume 6 of our series, currently in preparation, will be devoted to behavior and the natural environment. A provisional table of contents for that volume appears on page v. Irwin Altman Joachim F. Wohlwill Peter B. Everett ix Contents Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CHAPTER 1 TRANSPORTATION AND THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES DAVID T. HARTGEN Introduction 5 Brief Overview of the Behavioral Sciences. . . ..... . .... . . . . .. . . .... . .... . . . . . . ... . . ... . ..... . . 7 Current Transportation Issues: Evolution and Behavioral Applications ........................ 8 Urban Transit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Rural Transit Systems ................................... 12 Transportation for the Mobility-Limited .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 . . . . . . . . Environmental and Social Impact Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . Energy and Transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 . . . . . . . . Summary and Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 . . . . . . . . . . References ................................................. 25 xi Contents xii CHAPTER 2 PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO TRAVEL DEMAND MODELING IRWIN P. LEVIN JORDAN J. LOUVIERE Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Download or read book Data Analysis for Driving Pattern Identification and Driver s Behavior Modeling in a Freeway Work Zone written by Hari Narayanan Vijaya Raghavan Nadathur and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A variety of methods are used by Departments of Transportation (DOT) for informing drivers about upcoming work zones. One such method is work zone signage configuration. Signage plays an important role in work zones to provide guidance to drivers when conditions on the road vary from normal. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of different configurations, by law, before implementation of new signage designs that deviate from the national standards. The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) is a compilation of national standards for all traffic control devices, including road markings, highway signs, and traffic signals. In the present work which is funded by the Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT), the safety effect of an alternative merge sign configuration provided by MoDOT is investigated in a freeway work zone. This investigation is based on a simulation study that involves a total of 75 study participants representing an overall distribution of drivers in the state of Missouri. This simulation study required the participants to experience four work zone configurations on a driving simulator. Right merge and left merge scenarios were simulated for two work zone sign configurations, one being the national standard from MUTCD and the other being an alternate work zone sign configuration proposed by MoDOT. The objective of this study is to establish the effectiveness of both these configurations by data analyses. Results of the statistical analysis indicate that MUTCD left merge was significantly different than the driving patterns for the other three scenarios. There was significant difference between MUTCD left merge and MoDOT alternate left merge but no dramatic differences were observed for the right merge scenarios"--Abstract, page iii.

Download or read book Activity Pattern Analysis and Exploration written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Probabilistic Framework for Behavior Characterization of Traffic Participants Enabling Long Term Prediction written by Jasprit Singh Gill and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Activity Pattern Analysis and Exploration written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation Research Record contains the following papers: Identifying decision structures underlying activity patterns : an exploration of data mining algorithms (Wets, G, Vanhoof, K, Arentze, T and Timmermans, H); Conjoint-based model of activity engagement, timing, scheduling, and stop pattern formation (Wang, D and Timmermans, H); Stochastic frontier models of prism vertices (Kitamura, R, Yamamoto, T, Kishizawa, K and Pendyala, RM); Modeling learning and evolutionary adaptation processes in activity settings : theory and numerical simulation (Timmermans, H, Arentze, T and Joh, CH); Coast-to-coast comparison of time use and activity patterns (Gangrade, S, Kasturirangan, K and Pendyala, RM); Activity-travel patterns of nonworkers in the San Francisco bay area : exploratory analysis (Misra, R and Bhat, C); Dynamic analysis of traveler attitudes and perceptions using panel data (Sunkanapalli, S, Pendyala, RM and Kuppam, AR); Mixed generalized linear model for estimating household trip production (Lan, CJ and Hu, PS); Determinants of distance thresholds for driving (Garling, T, Boe, O and Golledge, RG); Are travel times and distances to work greater for residents of poor urban neighborhoods? (Khattack, AJ, Amerlynck, VJ and Quercia, RG); Car ownership in Great Britain : panel data analysis (Hanly, M and Dargay, JM); Period effects and cohort effects in life cycles : preliminary analysis (Marker, JT); Evaluating the effects of traveler and trip characteristics on trip chaining, with implications for transportation demand management strategies (Wallace, B, Barnes, J and Rutherford, GS).

Download or read book Driver Behavior Analysis at Highway Rail Grade Crossings Using Field Operational Test Data Light Vehicles written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U. S. Department of Transportation's (U.S.DOT) Research and Innovative Technology Administration's (RITA) John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), under the direction of the U.S.DOT Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Office of Research and Development (R&D), conducteda research study focused on collecting and analyzing data related to driver behavior at or on approach to highway-rail grade crossings.VolpeCenter reviewedand coded 4,215 grade crossing eventsinvolving light vehicle drivers collected during a recent field operational test of vehicle safety systems.The data collected for each grade crossing included informationabout drivers' activities, driver and vehicle performance, driving environment, and vehicle location at or on approach tohighway-rail grade crossings.

Download or read book Analysis of Driver Behavior Modeling in Connected Vehicle Safety Systems Through High Fidelity Simulation written by Ahura Jami and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical aspect of connected vehicle safety analysis is understanding the impact of human behavior on the overall performance of the safety system. Given the variation in human driving behavior and the expectancy for high levels of performance, it is crucial for these systems to be flexible to various driving characteristics. However, design, testing, and evaluation of these active safety systems remain a challenging task, exacerbated by the lack of behavioral data and practical test platforms. Additionally, the need for the operation of these systems in critical and dangerous situations makes the burden of their evaluation very costly and time-consuming. As an alternative option, researchers attempt to use simulation platforms to study and evaluate their algorithms. In this work, we introduce a high fidelity simulation platform, designed for a hybrid transportation system involving both human-driven and automated vehicles. We decompose the human driving task and offer a modular approach in simulating a large-scale traffic scenario, making it feasible for extensive studying of automated and active safety systems. Furthermore, we propose a human-interpretable driver model represented as a closed-loop feedback controller. For this model, we analyze a large driving dataset to extract expressive parameters that would best describe different driving characteristics. Finally, we recreate a similarly dense traffic scenario within our simulator and conduct a thorough analysis of different human-specific and system-specific factors and study their effect on the performance and safety of the traffic network.

Download or read book Driver Behavior Analysis at Highway Rail Grade Crossings Using Field Operational Test Data Heavy Trucks written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States Department of Transportation's (U.S. DOT) Research and Innovative Technology Administration's (RITA) John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), under the direction of the U.S. DOT Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Office of Research and Development (R&D), conducted a research study focused on collecting and analyzing data related to driver characteristics at or on approachtohighway-rail grade crossings. Volpe Center reviewed and coded 3,171 grade crossing events involving heavy vehicle drivers collected during a recent field operational test of vehicle safety systems. The data collected for each grade crossing included data about drivers' activities, driver and vehicle performance, driving environment, and vehicle location at or on approach to highway-rail grade crossings.

Download or read book Experimental Analysis and Modeling of Sequential Route Choice Behavior Under ATIS in a Simplistic Traffic Network written by Kenneth M. Vaughn and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modelling of motion hypotheses for traffic participants in the path planning task written by Vijayendra Reddy Mamidi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Driver Behavior Models for Traffic Simulation written by Xiaopeng Fang and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic simulation is a useful tool to study human factors, traffic system, and vehicle design. To build a realistic and intelligent traffic environment, driver behavior models need to be studied. A significant problem in modeling driver behavior was the lack of real traffic data. This thesis presents an experiment for obtaining real traffic data and shows the filtering process for the data. This is the first experiment using a rear-looking radar-tracking device to obtain real traffic data. Based on the data, some driver behavior models, such as car-following models and lane-changing models, have been constructed and some simulation results have been presented and compared. Furthermore, the traffic simulation with driver behavior models has been implemented into the driver-simulator system at Iowa State University. Current developments of the driver-simulator system have been discussed.

Download or read book Analysis of Dynamic Traffic Behavior Using Car following Models with Physical Constraints for Transportation Systems Center on Contract No DOT TSC 159 written by Purdue University. School of Electrical Engineering and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Travel Behavior Characteristics Analysis Technology Based on Mobile Phone Location Data written by Fei Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2023-03-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the technology and methodology of individual travel behavior analysis and refined travel information extraction. Traditional resident trip surveys are characterized by many shortcomings, such as subjective memory errors, difficulty in organization and high cost. Therefore, in this book, a set of refined extraction and analysis techniques for individual travel activities is proposed. It provides a solid foundation for the optimization and reconstruction of traffic theoretical models, urban traffic planning, management and decision-making. This book helps traffic engineering researchers, traffic engineering technicians and traffic industry managers understand the difficulties and challenges faced by transportation big data. Additionally, it helps them adapt to changes in traffic demand and the technological environment to achieve theoretical innovation and technological reform.

Download or read book Analysis Modeling and Simulation of Micro Scale Traffic Dynamics Under Different Driving Environments written by Hui Deng and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individual driving behavior, such as anticipation, risk-taking and cooperative lane change, has significant impact on overall traffic flow characteristics and highway performance. It contributes to various traffic flow phenomena, including platooning, capacity drop and traffic oscillations. A good understanding of driving behavior under different driving environments, such as curved roads, lane-drops, merges and diverges, and platooning enabled by vehicle to vehicle communication, can help us design safer roads, and safer and more efficient autonomous or semi-autonomous driving vehicles. New car following models have been developed to capture the empirical observed anticipation and risk-taking driving behavior, and applied to investigate how anticipation and risk-taking may lead to different traffic flow phenomena and influence highway capacity and safety. Considering gap anticipation, full range traffic conditions can be reproduced, including free-flow, congestion and traffic jam under fixed and moving bottleneck, realistic flow capacities and fundamental diagrams with different levels of anticipation, as well as platoon driving when gap anticipation dependents on the gap. The effect of risk-taking on traffic safety is studied with a collision-possible car following model considering driver anticipation. Risk-taking leads to traffic oscillations and potential collision hazards when traffic is not stable. Longer length of view field can improve traffic safety, and large numbers of vehicle crashes happen when view field length is shorter than given threshold. Merge traffic dynamic has been studied by simulating of cooperative lane change, and drivers' merge location choice is studied to show its impact on traffic oscillations near merging junction. A simplified lane change cooperation strategy is developed and integrated with optimal speed car following logic to capture cooperative lane change behavior in merge junctions. This model can reproduce reasonable merge ratio, capacity drop, turn taking merging behavior and stop and go traffic at merge bottleneck. Lane change incentive and main lane traffic condition affect drivers' lane change behavior and leads to different merge location choice. Microscopic and macroscopic traffic simulation show merge location choice contributes to the formation of stop-and-go waves near merging junctions and the period of these waves are closely related to the distance between the two dominant merging locations. Theoretical and data analysis are used to reveal the correlation between drivers' anticipation, relaxation behavior and traffic hysteresis. Through an analysis of the trajectory data from NGSIM and a theoretical analysis of car-following models, it is revealed that traffic hysteresis is generated by an imbalance in driver relaxation and anticipation. By changing the strength of relaxation and anticipation, we are able to reproduce positive, negative and double hysteresis loops, as well as aggressive and timid driving behavior. It is further shown that the relative positions of acceleration and deceleration phase with respect to the equilibrium state is not unique and are determined by the comparative strength of relaxation and anticipation in different traffic conditions. This study suggests that traffic hysteresis can be suppressed by balancing driver relaxation and anticipation, and stop-and-go traffic can be smoothed by eliminating aggressive driving in congested traffic. A three-mode vehicle control law is proposed for ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) and CACC (Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control) and implemented in VENTOS (VEhicular NeTwork Open source Simulator). Traffic hysteresis and stability of studied both analytically and using VENTOS simulation. The ability of ACC/CACC to improve highway safety and eliminating traffic hysteresis is verified by traffic simulation under critical traffic conditions, including realistic stop-and-go traffic and worst case stopping. Through analytical approaches and simulation, we have demonstrated the stability and robustness of our proposed ACC/CACC control system against sensor measurement errors and lossy wireless communication links which is required to implement the CACC control logic. The benefit of wireless communication, even with some lossy links, is significant in ensuring stream stability and performance.