Download or read book Bear Use of Cutthroat Trout Spawning Streams in Yellowstone National Park written by Daniel Paul Reinhart and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and black bears (U. americanus) prey on spawning cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki, formerly known as Salmo clarki) in tributary streams of Yellowstone Lake. These tributary streams were surveyed from 1985 to 1987 to determine the presence and level of trout spawning activity and bear use. Indices were developed to enumerate spawner density and levels of bear use. Of 124 known tributaries of Yellowstone Lake, 48% had a spawning run. Of these spawning streams, 93% had associated bear activity, and 61% had associated evidence of bear fishing. Bears were apparently using more spawning streams and fish compared to 10 years earlier. Bear use of cutthroat trout spawning streams appeared to be largely a positive function of volumetric spawner density. We hypothesize that abundance and quality of stream-side vegetation relative to other foraging options influenced bear use. Intra- and interspecific avoidance among bears was suggested by patterns of spawning stream use. Less bear use of spawning streams than expected occurred within 1 km of park developments.
Download or read book Changing Numbers of Spawning Cutthroat Trout in Tributary Streams of Yellowstone Lake and Estimates of Grizzly Bears Visitings Streams from DNA written by Mark A. Haroldson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spawning Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) provide a source of highly digestible energy for grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) that visit tributary streams to Yellowstone Lake during the spring and early summer. During 1985-87, research documented grizzly bears fishing on 61% of the 124 tributary streams to the lake. Using track measurements, it was estimated that a minimum of 44 grizzly bears fished those streams annually. During 1994, non-native lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were discovered in Yellowstone Lake. Lake trout are efficient predators and have the potential to reduce the native cutthroat population and negatively impact terrestrial predators that use cutthroat trout as a food resource. In 1997, we began sampling a subset of streams (n = 25) from areas of Yellowstone Lake surveyed during the previous study to determine if changes in spawner numbers or bear use had occurred. Comparisons of peak numbers and duration suggested a considerable decline between study periods in streams in the West Thumb area of the lake. The apparent decline may be due to predation by lake trout. Indices of bear use also declined on West Thumb area streams. We used DNA from hair collected near spawning streams to estimate the minimum number of bears visiting the vicinity of spawning streams. Seventy-four individual bears were identified from 429 hair samples. The annual number of individuals detected ranged from 15 in 1997 to 33 in 2000. Seventy percent of genotypes identified were represented by more than 1 sample, but only 31% of bears were documented more than 1 year of the study. Sixty-two (84%) bears were only documented in 1 segment of the lake, whereas 12 (16%) were found in 2-3 lake segments. Twenty-seven bears were identified from hair collected at multiple streams. One bear was identified on 6 streams in 2 segments of the lake and during 3 years of the study. We used encounter histories derived from DNA and the Jolly-Seber procedure in Program MARK to produce annual estimates of grizzly bears visiting streams. Approximately 68 grizzly bears visited the vicinity of cutthroat trout spawning streams annually. Thus, approximately 14-21% of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) may have used this threatened food resource annually. Yellowstone National Park (YNP) is attempting to control the lake trout population in Yellowstone Lake; our results underscore the importance of that effort to grizzly bears.
Download or read book Contrasting Past and Current Numbers of Bears Visiting Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Streams written by Justin Everette Teisberg and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spawning cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) were historically abundant within tributary streams of Yellowstone Lake within Yellowstone National Park and were a highly digestible source of energy and protein for Yellowstone's grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and black bears (U. americanus). The cutthroat trout population has subsequently declined since the introduction of non-native lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), and in response to effects of drought and whirling disease (Myxobolus cerebralis). The trout population, duration of spawning runs, and indices of bear use of spawning streams had declined in some regions of the lake by 1997?2000. We initiated a 3-year study in 2007 to assess whether numbers of spawning fish, black bears, and grizzly bears within and alongside stream corridors had changed since 1997?2000. We estimated numbers of grizzly bears and black bears by first compiling encounter histories of individual bears visiting 48 hair-snag sites along 35 historically fished streams. We analyzed DNA encounter histories with Pradel-recruitment and Jolly-Seber (POPAN) capture-mark-recapture models. When compared to 1997?2000, the current number of spawning cutthroat trout per stream and the number of streams with cutthroat trout has decreased. We estimated that 48 (95% CI?=?42?56) male and 23 (95% CI?=?21?27) female grizzly bears visited the historically fished tributary streams during our study. In any 1-year, 46 to 59 independent grizzly bears (8?10% of estimated Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem population) visited these streams. When compared with estimates from the 1997 to 2000 study and adjusted for equal effort, the number of grizzly bears using the stream corridors decreased by 63%. Additionally, the number of black bears decreased between 64% and 84%. We also document an increased proportion of bears of both species visiting front-country (i.e., near human development) streams. With the recovery of cutthroat trout, we suggest bears that still reside within the Lake basin will readily use this high-quality food resource.
Download or read book Yellowstone Grizzly Bear Investigations written by Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conservation Assessment for Inland Cutthroat Trout written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yellowstone National Park N P Fishing Bridge Developed Area Development Concept Plan ID MT WY written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proposed Grizzly Bear Management Program Yellowstone National Park Wyoming written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yellowstone s Wildlife in Transition written by P. J. White and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's first national park, Yellowstone is a symbol of nature's enduring majesty and the paradigm of protected areas across the globe. But Yellowstone is constantly changing. How we understand and respond to events that are putting species under stress, say the authors of Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition, will determine the future of ecosystems that were millions of years in the making. With a foreword by the renowned naturalist E. O. Wilson, this is the most comprehensive survey of research on North America's flagship national park available today. Marshaling the expertise of over thirty contributors, Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition examines the diverse changes to the park's ecology in recent decades. Since its creation in the 1870s, the priorities governing Yellowstone have evolved, from intensive management designed to protect and propagate depleted large-bodied mammals to an approach focused on restoration and preservation of ecological processes. Recognizing the importance of natural occurrences such as fires and predation, this more ecologically informed oversight has achieved notable successes, including the recovery of threatened native species of wolves, bald eagles, and grizzly bears. Nevertheless, these experts detect worrying signs of a system under strain. They identify three overriding stressors: invasive species, private-sector development of unprotected lands, and a warming climate. Their concluding recommendations will shape the twenty-first-century discussion over how to confront these challenges, not only in American parks but for conservation areas worldwide. Highly readable and fully illustrated, Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition will be welcomed by ecologists and nature enthusiasts alike.
Download or read book Development Concept Plan environmental Assessment written by United States. National Park Service and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yellowstone in the Afterglow written by Mary Ann Franke and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yellowstone National Park N P Grizzly Bear Management Program MT ID WY written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Development Concept Plan written by United States. National Park Service and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fishing Bridge Campsite Replacement Project Yellowstone National Park Fremont County ID Park County written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Parks written by and published by . This book was released on 1998-05 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flagship publication of the National Parks Conservation Association, National Parks Magazine (circ. 340,000) fosters an appreciation of the natural and historic treasures found in the national parks, educates readers about the need to preserve those resources, and illustrates how member contributions drive our organization's park-protection efforts. National Parks Magazine uses images and language to convey our country's history and natural landscapes from Acadia to Zion, from Denali to the Everglades, and the 387 other park units in between.
Download or read book Large Mammals of the Rocky Mountains written by Jack Ballard and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the ultimate guide to big mammals of the Rocky Mountains—Elk, Grizzly Bears, Wolves, Bison, Black Bears, Moose, Bighorn Sheep, Mountain Lions, and Whitetail Deer. This book offers up substantive yet easily digestible information on these big mammals, from where they live to what they prey on to how they communicate and more. More than 400 full-color photographs throughout make this a keepsake reference for years to come.
Download or read book Final environmental impact statement written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fishing bridge developed area written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
