Download or read book Baryonic Processes in the Large Scale Structuring of the Universe written by Jean-Baptiste Durrive and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses two very different but equally important topics in the very broad fields of astrophysics and cosmology: (I) the generation of cosmological magnetic fields and (II) gravitational fragmentation of the Cosmic Web. All mathematical developments are completed by illuminating physical interpretations, and the thesis, which is guided by existing observations, is purely theoretical. In part I, the author further develops a magnetogenesis model proposed in the literature, providing an unprecedented level of physical understanding. He demonstrates that the physics of photoionisation is very likely to have premagnetised, at a relevant level, the entire Universe at the early epoch of the formation of the first luminous sources. In part II, the author adapts the tools of plasma spectral theory to the context of gravitational instability of the baryonic gas within the stratified structures of the Cosmic Web. He skillfully derives the wave equation governing the growth of perturbations and explores various equilibrium configurations, in planar and cylindrical geometries characteristic of cosmic walls and filaments, for isothermal and polytropic conditions, with or without an external gravitational background. Clearly structured and written in pedagogical style, this outstanding thesis puts the results into perspective and highlights the merits and limitations of the various approaches explored.
Download or read book The Impact of Baryons on the Large Scale Structure of the Universe written by Weiguang Cui and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical simulations play an important role in current astronomy researches. Previous dark-matter-only simulations have represented the large-scale structure of the Universe. However, nowadays, hydro-dynamical simulations with baryonic models, which can directly present realistic galaxies, may twist these results from dark-matter-only simulations. In this chapter, we mainly focus on these three statistical methods: power spectrum, two-point correlation function and halo mass function, which are normally used to characterize the large-scale structure of the Universe. We review how these baryon processes influence the cosmology structures from very large scale to quasi-linear and non-linear scales by comparing dark-matter-only simulations with their hydro-dynamical counterparts. At last, we make a brief discussion on the impacts coming from different baryon models and simulation codes.
Download or read book Trends in Modern Cosmology written by Abraao Jesse Capistrano and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-06-07 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern cosmology has been turned into an outstanding field of active research through the years. Today, we have more scientific data in modern cosmology than we could get rid of it, which makes the present days an exciting era for scientific knowledge. "Trends in Modern Cosmology" invites the reader to tackle the big questions of the universe from cultural aspects of cosmology and its influence on arts, philosophy, and politics to more specialized technical advances in the field as the physics of dark sector, black holes, galaxies, large structure formation, and particles. In fact, it reveals our endless searching for the better understanding of the universe as a legacy of knowledge for next generations.
Download or read book Large Scale Structures in the Universe Observational and Analytical Methods written by Waltraud C. Seitter and published by Springer. This book was released on 1988-08-30 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will certainly be considered an important reference for astronomers and astrophysicists handling large amounts of data in observational and theoretical approaches to the large scale structures in the universe. The contributions are written with an emphasis on methods. The volume contains among many other topics recent observational results on redshift surveys of clusters and distributions of galaxies and quasars, together with articles on the importance of these findings for future standards and for theoretical predictions. A long historical chapter serves as an introduction. This mixture of textbook and review is aimed at the newcomer to the field as well as at the specialist. Graduate students will find it useful for additional reading.
Download or read book Large Scale Structures of the Universe written by International Astronomical Union. Symposium and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-07-31 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 130th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, dedicated to the memory of Marc A. Aaronson (1950-1987), held in Balatonfured, Hungary, June 15-20, 1987
Download or read book Dark Matter in Cosmology Quantum Measurements Experimental Gravitation written by R. Ansari and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1996 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large Scale Structure Formation written by Reza Mansouri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern Persian word for cosmology is "Keyhan-shenakht", which is also the title of a Persian book written more than 800 years ago. The same term can also be found in Old Persian. In spite of this old tradition, modern cosmology is a new~omer within the scientific disciplines in Iran. The cosmology community' is small and not yet well established. Given the spectacular recent advances in observational and theoretical cosmology, the large amount of new observational data which will become available in the near future, and the rapid expansion of the international cosmology community, it was realized that Iran should play a more active role in the exciting human endeavour which cosmology constitutes. This was the main motivation to establish a School on Cosmology in Iran. The plan is to hold a cosmology school every three years somewhere in Iran. The focus of this First School on Cosmology was chosen to be structure formation, a rapidly evolving cornerstone of modern cosmology. The topics of the school were selected in order to give both a broad overview of the current status of cosmological structure formation, and an in-depth dis cussion of the key issues theory of cosmological perturbations and analysis of cosmic microwave anisotropies. The lectures by Blanchard and Sarkar give an overview of homogeneous cosmological models and standard big bang cosmology. In his contribution, Padmanabhan presents a comprehen sive discussion of the growth of cosmological perturbations.
Download or read book Cosmological Inflation and Large Scale Structure written by Andrew R. Liddle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-04-13 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough and up-to-date graduate textbook on the most promising theory of the universe - inflationary cosmology.
Download or read book Phase Transitions in the Early Universe Theory and Observations written by Héctor J. De Vega and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fundamental, profound review of the key issues relating to the early universe and the physical processes that occurred in it. The interplay between cosmic microwave background radiation, large scale structure, and the dark matter problem are stressed, with a central focus on the crucial issue of the phase transitions in the early universe and their observable consequences: baryon symmetry, baryogenesis and cosmological fluctuations. There is an interplay between cosmology, statistical physics and particle physics in studying these problems, both at the theoretical and the experimental / observational levels. Special contributions are devoted to primordial and astrophysical black holes and to high energy cosmic rays and neutrino astrophysics. There is also a special section devoted to the International Space Station and its scientific utilization.
Download or read book Structure Formation in Astrophysics written by Gilles Chabrier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-15 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique reference for graduate students and researchers addressing common problems and methods in studying galaxy, star and planet formation.
Download or read book Clusters of Galaxies Beyond the Thermal View written by Jelle Kaastra and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-01 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of soft excess emission originating from clusters of galaxies, de ned as em- sion detected below 1 keV in excess over the usual thermal emission from hot intracluster gas (hereafter the ICM) has been claimed since 1996. Soft excesses are particularly - portant to detect because they may (at least partly) be due to thermal emission from the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium, where as much as half of the baryons of the Universe could be. They are therefore of fundamental cosmological importance. Soft excess emission has been observed (and has also given rise to controversy) in a number of clusters, mainly raising the following questions: (1) Do clusters really show a soft excess? (2) If so, from what spatial region(s) of the cluster does the soft excess or- inate? (3) Is this excess emission thermal, originating from warm-hot intergalactic gas (at 6 temperatures of?10 K), or non-thermal, in which case several emission mechanisms have been proposed. Interestingly, some of the non-thermal mechanisms suggested to account for soft excess emission can also explain the hard X-ray emission detected in some clusters, for example by RXTE and BeppoSAX (also see Petrosian et al. 2008—Chap. 10, this issue; Rephaeli et al. 2008—Chap. 5, this issue).
Download or read book The Structure and Environment of Galaxy Clusters in Simulations and Observations written by Matthew Fong and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxy clusters are powerful testing grounds for cosmology. They are the largest, most massively bound objects in the Universe and can give us deep insights on how baryons, dark matter, and dark energy impacts on the formation of large scale structure in the cosmos. In this dissertation we study the structure and environment of clusters, how neutrinos impact on cluster masses, and how we may find them. We study cluster profiles on large scales to gain better understanding on the relationship between cosmic web filaments and clusters that reside in the nodes, which gives insight on the evolution of clusters from their environment. For more than two decades, the Navarro, Frenk, and White (NFW) model has stood the test of time; it is used to describe the distribution of mass in galaxy clusters out to their outskirts, beyond which the NFW model is no longer applicable. In this dissertation we assess how well the parameterised Diemer & Kravstov (DK) mass density profile describes the mass distribution of galaxy clusters extracted from cosmological simulations. This is determined from averaged synthetic lensing measurements of the 50 most massive clusters extracted from the OverWhelmingly Large Simulations (Cosmo-OWLS). The characteristics of the data reflect the Weighing the Giants survey and data from the future Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). In comparison with the NFW model, the DK model is favored by the averaged data, in particular for the LSST data, where the number density of background galaxies is higher. The DK profile depends on the accretion history of clusters which is specified in the current study. Eventually subsamples of galaxy clusters with qualities indicative of disparate accretion histories could be studied. We also study the impact of baryonic processes and massive neutrinos on weak lensing (WL) peak statistics that can be used to constrain cosmological parameters. We use the BAHAMAS suite of cosmological simulations, which self-consistently include baryonic processes and the e↵ect of massive neutrino free-streaming on the evolution of structure formation. We construct synthetic WL catalogues by ray-tracing through light-cones, and use the aperture mass statistic for the analysis. The WL peaks reflect the cumulative signal from massive bound objects and general large-scale structure. We present the first study of WL peaks in simulations that include both baryonic physics and massive neutrinos, so that the uncertainty due to physics beyond the gravity of dark matter can be factored into constraints on cosmological models. Assuming a fiducial model of baryonic physics, we also investigate the correlation between peaks and massive haloes, over a range of neutrino masses. As higher neutrino mass tends to suppress the formation of massive structures in the Universe, the halo mass function and lensing peak counts are therefore modified as a function of neutrino mass. Over most of the S/N .5, the impact of fiducial baryonic physics is greater (less) than neutrinos for 0.06 and 0.12 (0.24 and 0.48) eV models. Both baryonic physics and massive neutrinos should be accounted for when deriving cosmological parameters from weak lensing observations.
Download or read book Structures in the Universe by Exact Methods written by Krzysztof Bolejko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews developments in applications of inhomogeneous models to cosmology, for graduate students and academic researchers in astrophysics.
Download or read book Structure Formation in the Universe written by Robert G. Crittenden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Cambridge, UK, 26th July-6th August 1999
Download or read book Connecting Quarks with the Cosmos written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-12 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances made by physicists in understanding matter, space, and time and by astronomers in understanding the universe as a whole have closely intertwined the question being asked about the universe at its two extremesâ€"the very large and the very small. This report identifies 11 key questions that have a good chance to be answered in the next decade. It urges that a new research strategy be created that brings to bear the techniques of both astronomy and sub-atomic physics in a cross-disciplinary way to address these questions. The report presents seven recommendations to facilitate the necessary research and development coordination. These recommendations identify key priorities for future scientific projects critical for realizing these scientific opportunities.
Download or read book Large scale Structures in the Universe written by Waltraut Carola Seitter and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics in a New Era written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-15 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics at the beginning of the twenty-first century has reached new levels of accomplishment and impact in a society and nation that are changing rapidly. Accomplishments have led us into the information age and fueled broad technological and economic development. The pace of discovery is quickening and stronger links with other fields such as the biological sciences are being developed. The intellectual reach has never been greater, and the questions being asked are more ambitious than ever before. Physics in a New Era is the final report of the NRC's six-volume decadal physics survey. The book reviews the frontiers of physics research, examines the role of physics in our society, and makes recommendations designed to strengthen physics and its ability to serve important needs such as national security, the economy, information technology, and education.
