Download or read book Bacteriocins and Other Ribosomally Synthesised and Post translationally Modified Peptides RiPPs as Alternatives to Antibiotics written by Harsh Mathur and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prof Upton is the director of Amprologix, a company developing new bacteriocins; the other editors declare no competing interest in regard to editing this Research Topic.
Download or read book Lasso Peptides written by Yanyan Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-21 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lasso peptides form a growing family of fascinating ribosomally-synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides produced by bacteria. They contain 15 to 24 residues and share a unique interlocked topology that involves an N-terminal 7 to 9-residue macrolactam ring where the C-terminal tail is threaded and irreversibly trapped. The ring results from the condensation of the N-terminal amino group with a side-chain carboxylate of a glutamate at position 8 or 9, or an aspartate at position 7, 8 or 9. The trapping of the tail involves bulky amino acids located in the tail below and above the ring and/or disulfide bridges connecting the ring and the tail. Lasso peptides are subdivided into three subtypes depending on the absence (class II) or presence of one (class III) or two (class I) disulfide bridges. The lasso topology results in highly compact structures that give to lasso peptides an extraordinary stability towards both protease degradation and denaturing conditions. Lasso peptides are generally receptor antagonists, enzyme inhibitors and/or antibacterial or antiviral (anti-HIV) agents. The lasso scaffold and the associated biological activities shown by lasso peptides on different key targets make them promising molecules with high therapeutic potential. Their application in drug design has been exemplified by the development of an integrin antagonist based on a lasso peptide scaffold. The biosynthesis machinery of lasso peptides is therefore of high biotechnological interest, especially since such highly compact and stable structures have to date revealed inaccessible by peptide synthesis. Lasso peptides are produced from a linear precursor LasA, which undergoes a maturation process involving several steps, in particular cleavage of the leader peptide and cyclization. The post-translational modifications are ensured by a dedicated enzymatic machinery, which is composed of an ATP-dependent cysteine protease (LasB) and a lactam synthetase (LasC) that form an enzymatic complex called lasso synthetase. Microcin J25, produced by Escherichia coli AY25, is the archetype of lasso peptides and the most extensively studied. To date only around forty lasso peptides have been isolated, but genome mining approaches have revealed that they are widely distributed among Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, particularly in Streptomyces, making available a rich resource of novel lasso peptides and enzyme machineries towards lasso topologies.
Download or read book Diet Microbe Interactions in the Gut written by Kieran Tuohy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-04 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on expert opinions from the fields of nutrition, gut microbiology, mammalian physiology, and immunology, Diet-Microbe Interactions for Human Health investigates the evidence for a unified disease mechanism working through the gut and its resident microbiota, and linking many inflammation-related chronic diet associated diseases. State of the art post-genomic studies can highlight the important role played by our resident intestinal microbiota in determining human health and disease. Many chronic human diseases associated with modern lifestyles and diets — including those localized to the intestinal tract like inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease, and more pervasive systemic conditions such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease — are characterized by aberrant profiles of gut bacteria or their metabolites. Many of these diseases have an inflammatory basis, often presenting with a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, hinting at persistent and inappropriate activation of inflammatory pathways. Through the presentation and analysis of recent nutrition studies, this book discusses the possible mechanisms underpinning the disease processes associated with these pathologies, with high fat diets appearing to predispose to disease, and biologically active plant components, mainly fiber and polyphenols, appearing to reduce the risk of chronic disease development. - One comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of nutrition and diet's effect on gastrointestinal health and disease - Experts in nutrition, diet, microbiology and immunology take readers from the bench research (cellular and biochemical mechanisms of vitamins and nutrients) to new preventive and therapeutic approaches - Clear presentations by leading researchers of the cellular mechanisms underlying diet, immune response, and gastrointestinal disease help practicing nutritionists and clinicians (gastroenterologists, endocrinologists) map out new areas for clinical research and structuring clinical recommendations
Download or read book Nanocomposite and Nanohybrid Materials written by Rajesh Kumar Verma and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-11-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume "Nanocomposite and Nanohybrid Materials: Processing and Applications" is an outstanding resource for exploring the findings and recent trends of nanocomposites and nanohybrid materials. Herein, a full grasp of cutting-edge research, new technologies, and exciting opportunities linked with nanocomposites and nanohybrids. Nanomaterials, including their synthesis, development, and advanced properties, are thoroughly investigated. Several processes for preparing nanomaterials are presented to the reader, along with their characteristics and development phase. It offers the latest applications of nanoparticles for diagnosing and treating neurological disorders and their use in biological imaging and targeted cancer treatments. This provides a strong basis for future study and innovation in this intriguing issue that is very important to methodology, qualitative approaches, and applications.
Download or read book Prokaryotic Antimicrobial Peptides written by Djamel Drider and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book will provide an overview of the advancement of fundamental knowledge and applications of antimicrobial peptides in biomedical, agricultural, veterinary, food, and cosmetic products. Antimicrobial peptides stand as potentially great alternatives to current antibiotics, and most research in this newly-created area has been published in journals and other periodicals. It is the editors’ opinion that it is timely to sum up the most important achievements in the field and provide the scientific community in a reference book. The goals of this project include illustrating the achievements made so far, debating the state of the art, and drawing new perspectives.
Download or read book Radical SAM Enzymes written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical SAM Enzymes, Volume 606, the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on the Characterization of the glycyl radical enzyme choline trimethylamine-lyase and its radical S-adenosylmethionine activating enzyme, Diphathimide biosynthesis, Radical SAM glycyl radical activating enzymes, Radical SAM enzyme BioB in the biosynthesis of biotin, Biogenesis of the PQQ cofactor, Role of MoaAC in the biogenesis of the molybdenum cofactor, Biosynthesis of the nitrogenase cofactor, Bioinformatics of the radical SAM superfamily, The involvement of SAM radical enzymes in the biosynthesis of methanogenic coenzymes, methanopterin and coenzyme F420, and more.
Download or read book Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry written by Derek Barton and published by Newnes. This book was released on 1999-02-18 with total page 8492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry
Download or read book Application of Protective Cultures and Bacteriocins for Food Biopreservation written by Riadh Hammami and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-09-20 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microorganisms and their metabolites for the preservation of foods began in prehistory. Lactic acid bacteria are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for this purpose. They produce organic acids, diacetyl, acetoin, hydrogen peroxide, reuterin, reutericyclin and bacteriocins, all of which inhibit foodborne pathogens and spoilage microorganisms. Bacteriocins and the strains that produce them are particularly effective as bio-preservatives in cheese, meat and vegetables. They hold the promise of ensuring the quality and safety of ready-to-eat, extended-shelf-life, fresh-tasting and minimally processed foods without chemical preservatives. This Research Topic provides an overview of bacterial cultures, bacteriocins and other metabolites that have shown promise for use as antimicrobial bio-preservatives in foods in general. Articles describing novel analytical technologies, strategies to reduce or eliminate pathogens in food systems or emerging technologies for the production or use of protective cultures or their bacteriocins are presented.
Download or read book Antibiofilm Agents written by Kendra P. Rumbaugh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a survey of recent advances in the development of antibiofilm agents for clinical and environmental applications. The fact that microbes exist in structured communities called biofilms has slowly become accepted within the medical community. We now know that over 80% of all infectious diseases are biofilm-related; however, significant challenges still lie in our ability to diagnose and treat these extremely recalcitrant infections. Written by experts from around the globe, this book offers a valuable resource for medical professionals seeking to treat biofilm-related disease, academic and industry researchers interested in drug discovery and instructors who teach courses on microbial pathogenesis and medical microbiology.
Download or read book Engineering the Genetic Code written by Nediljko Budisa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to introduce non-canonical amino acids in vivo has greatly expanded the repertoire of accessible proteins for basic research and biotechnological application. Here, the different methods and strategies to incorporate new or modified amino acids are explained in detail, including a lot of practical advice for first-time users of this powerful technique. Novel applications in protein biochemistry, genomics, biotechnology and biomedicine made possible by the expansion of the genetic code are discussed and numerous examples are given. Essential reading for all molecular life scientists who want to stay ahead in their research.
Download or read book In Silico Approach for Sustainable Agriculture written by Devendra K. Choudhary and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the role of in silico deployment in connection with modulation techniques for improving sustainability and competitiveness in the agri-food sector; pharmacokinetics and molecular docking studies of plant-derived natural compounds; and their potential anti-neurodegenerative activity. It also investigates biochemical pathways for bacterial metabolite synthesis, fungal diversity and plant-fungi interaction in plant diseases, methods for predicting disease-resistant candidate genes in plants, and genes-to-metabolites and metabolites-to-genes approaches for predicting biosynthetic pathways in microbes for natural product discovery. The respective chapters elaborate on the use of in situ methods to study biochemical pathways for bacterial metabolite synthesis; tools for plant metabolites in defence; plant secondary metabolites in defence; plant growth metabolites; characterisation of plant metabolites; and identification of plant derived metabolites in the context of plant defence. The book offers an unprecedented resource, highlighting state-of-the-art research work that will greatly benefit researchers and students alike, not only in the field of agriculture but also in many disciplines in the life sciences and plant sciences.
Download or read book Biomedical Research Medicine and Disease written by RC Sobti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-04 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical research is the first step towards the creation of new medications and treatments that help to manage different types of health conditions and diseases. The prevention and cure of diseases would be practically impossible without such type of research. Although the drug discovery and development processes are far too costly, time-consuming, prone to failure, and have low success rate, today the term "translational research or medicine" seems to have become trendy, yet it is insufficient. The present book is a sincere attempt by dedicated researchers to convey the importance of translational biomedical research, medicine, and disease, primarily, basic and clinical difficulties in the translation of diagnostic measures, pharmaceutical advances, biomarkers, diagnostics, and therapeutics. This book is meant for researchers, scientists, healthcare professionals, industry, innovators, and students of biomedical sciences, as well as for those involved in the basic sciences, biochemistry, biotechnology, biophysics, and life sciences in general. The volume comprehensively covers: Emerging technologies for health care Various aspects of biomedical research toward understanding of pathophysiology of the diseases Advances in improvement in diagnostic procedures and therapeutic tools The fundamental role of biomedical research in the development of new medicinal products
Download or read book Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria written by Dallas G. Hoover and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteriocins of Lactic Acid Bacteria is based on the 1990 Annual Meeting of the Institute of Food Technologists held in Dallas, Texas. It describes a number of well-characterized bacteriocins and, where possible, discusses practical applications for those that have been defined thus far from the lactic acid bacteria. The book begins with an introductory overview of naturally occurring antibacterial compounds. This is followed by discussions of methods of detecting bacteriocins and biochemical procedures for extraction and purification; genetics and cellular regulation of bacteriocins; bacteriocins based on the genera of lactic acid bacteria Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Leuconostoc, and related bacteria such as Carnobacterium and Propionibacterium; and the regulatory and political aspects for commercial use of these substances. The final chapter sets out the prognosis for the future of this dynamic area. The information contained in this book should benefit those with interest in the potential for industrial use of bacteriocins as preservative ingredients. Anyone interested in lactic acid bacteria or the biosynthesis, regulation, and mechanisms of inhibition of these proteinaceous compounds will also appreciate the material presented. These include food scientists, microbiologists, food processors and product physiologists, food toxicologists, and food and personal product regulators.
Download or read book New Weapons to Control Bacterial Growth written by Tomas G. Villa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by specialists in the different fields, this book presents new perspectives and insights into strategies and weapons to fight microbial infections. It also reviews the “state of the art” of alternative treatment approaches and new therapeutic agents to deal with infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms. In an era of accumulated resistance to current antibiotics, it is vital that this is undertaken without further delay. Aspects discussed include the control of RNA synthesis, the use of bacteriocins or enzybiotics (bacteriophages or purified lysins), the specific control of pathogenic clostridia, the design of new drugs affecting DNA synthesis in bacteria, the use of fecal-matter transplant strategies, the specific control of quorum sensing responses in bacteria, the use of new peptides as antibiotics and new ways to control bacteria that cause cancer, such as Helicobacter pylori cancers.
Download or read book Secondary Metabolites of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizomicroorganisms written by Harikesh Bahadur Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent changes in the pattern of agricultural practices from use of hazardous pesticides to natural (organic) cultivation has brought into focus the use of agriculturally important microorganisms for carrying out analogous functions. The reputation of plant growth promoting rhizomicroorganisms (PGPRs) is due to their antagonistic mechanisms against most of the fungal and bacterial phytopathogens. The biocontrol potential of agriculturally important microorganisms is mostly attributed to their bioactive secondary metabolites. However, low shelf life of many potential agriculturally important microorganisms impairs their use in agriculture and adoption by farmers. The focal theme of this book is to highlight the potential of employing biosynthesized secondary metabolites (SMs) from agriculturally important microorganisms for management of notorious phytopathogens, as a substitute of the currently available whole organism formulations and also as alternatives to hazardous synthetic pesticides. Accordingly, we have incorporated a comprehensive rundown of sections which particularly examine the SMs synthesized, secreted and induced by various agriculturally important microorganisms and their applications in agriculture. Section 1 includes discussion on biosynthesized antimicrobial secondary metabolites from fungal biocontrol agents. This section will cover the various issues such as development of formulation of secondary metabolites, genomic basis of metabolic diversity, metabolomic profiling of fungal biocontrol agents, novel classes of antimicrobial peptides. The section 1 will also cover the role of these secondary metabolites in antagonist-host interaction and application of biosynthesized antimicrobial secondary metabolites for management of plant diseases. Section 2 will discuss the biosynthesized secondary metabolites from bacterial PGPRs, strain dependent effects on plant metabolome profile, bio-prospecting various isolates of bacterial PGPRs for potential secondary metabolites and non-target effects of PGPR on microbial community structure and functions. Section 3 encompasses synthesis of antimicrobial secondary metabolites from beneficial endophytes, bio-prospecting medicinal and aromatic hosts and effect of endophytic SMs on plants under biotic and biotic stress conditions.
Download or read book Antimicrobial Nanoarchitectonics written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antimicrobial Nanoarchitectonics: From Synthesis to Applications brings together recent research in antimicrobial nanoparticles, specifically in the sustained and controlled delivery of antimicrobials. Particular attention is given to i) reducing the side effects of antibiotics, ii) increasing the pharmacological effect, and iii) improving aqueous solubility and chemical stability of different antimicrobials. In addition, antimicrobial nanoparticles in drug delivery are discussed extensively. The book also evaluates the pros and cons of using nanostructured biomaterials in the prevention and eradication of infections. It is an important reference resource for materials scientists and bioengineers who want to learn how nanomaterials are used in antimicrobial therapy. - Provides readers with the information necessary to select the appropriate bionanomaterial to solve particular infection problems - Includes case studies, showing how particular bionanomaterials have been used to cure infections - Explains the central role that nanotechnology plays in modern antimicrobial therapy - Evaluates the pros and cons of using nanostructured biomaterials in the prevention and eradication of infections
Download or read book Functionalized Nanomaterials for the Management of Microbial Infection written by Rabah Boukherroub and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2016-12-14 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functionalized Nanomaterials for the Management of Microbial Infection: A Strategy to Address Microbial Drug Resistance introduces the reader to the newly developing use of nanotechnology to combat microbial drug resistance. Excessive use of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents has produced an inexorable rise in antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens. The use of nanotechnology is currently the most promising strategy to overcome microbial drug resistance. This book shows how, due to their small size, nanoparticles can surmount existing drug resistance mechanisms, including decreased uptake and increased efflux of the drug from the microbial cell, biofilm formation, and intracellular bacteria. In particular, chapters cover the use of nanoparticles to raise intracellular antimicrobial levels, thus directly targeting sites of infection and packaging multiple antimicrobial agents onto a single nanoparticle. - Provides the information users need to integrate antibacterial nanoparticles into future treatments - Gives readers with backgrounds in nanotechnology, chemistry, and materials science an understanding of the main issues concerning microbial drug resistance and its challenges - Includes real-life case studies that illustrates how functionalized nanomaterials are used to manage microbial infection
