Download or read book B Pontecorvo Selected Scientific Works written by Bruno Pontekorvo and published by Compositori. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Pontecorvo Affair written by Simone Turchetti and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-01-27 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the fall of 1950, newspapers around the world reported that the Italian-born nuclear physicist Bruno Pontecorvo and his family had mysteriously disappeared while returning to Britain from a holiday trip. Because Pontecorvo was known to be an expert working for the UK Atomic Energy Research Establishment, this raised immediate concern for the safety of atomic secrets, especially when it became known in the following months that he had defected to the Soviet Union. Was Pontecorvo a spy? Did he know and pass sensitive information about the bomb to Soviet experts? At the time, nuclear scientists, security personnel, Western government officials, and journalists assessed the case, but their efforts were inconclusive and speculations quickly turned to silence. In the years since, some have downplayed Pontecorvo’s knowledge of atomic weaponry, while others have claimed him as part of a spy ring that infiltrated the Manhattan Project. The Pontecorvo Affair draws from newly disclosed sources to challenge previous attempts to solve the case, offering a balanced and well-documented account of Pontecorvo, his activities, and his possible motivations for defecting. Along the way, Simone Turchetti reconsiders the place of nuclear physics and nuclear physicists in the twentieth century and reveals that as the discipline’s promise of military and industrial uses came to the fore, so did the enforcement of new secrecy provisions on the few experts in the world specializing in its application.
Download or read book Neutrino Physics written by E. Bellotti and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2003-12-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutrino physics contributed in an fundamental way to the progress of science, opening important windows of knowledge in elementary particle physics, as well in astrophysics and cosmology. Substantial experimental efforts are presently dedicated to improve our knowledge on neutrino properties as, in fact, we don't know yet some of the basic ones. Although very significant steps forward have been done, neutrino masses and mixings still remain largely unknown and constitute an important field for future research. Are neutrinos Majorana or Dirac particles? Have they a magnetic moment? Historically, studies on weak processes and, therefore, on neutrino physics, provided first the Fermi theory of weak interactions and then the V-A theory. Finally, the observation of weak neutral currents provided the first experimental evidence for unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions by the so called "Standard Model' of elementary particles. In addition to the results obtained from the measurement of the solar neutrino flux, the study of atmospheric neutrinos strongly supports the hypothesis of neutrino oscillation among different flavours. At the same time, the detection of neutrinos emitted by our Sun gave an important confirmation that the Sun produces energy via a chain of nuclear reactions; in particular in our Sun a specific cycle - the hydrogen cycle - is responsible for practically all the produced energy.
Download or read book Celestial Messengers written by Mario Bertolotti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes from a historical point of view how cosmic rays were discovered. The book describes the research in cosmic rays. The main focus is on how the knowledge was gained, describing the main experiments and the conclusions drawn. Biographical sketches of main researchers are provided. Cosmic rays have an official date of discovery which is linked to the famous balloon flights of the Austrian physicist Hess in 1912. The year 2012 can therefore be considered the centenary of the discovery.
Download or read book The Harvest of a Century written by Siegmund Brandt and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-11-06 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics was the leading science of the twentieth century and the book retraces important discoveries, made between 1895 and 2001, in 100 self-contained episodes. Each is a short story of the scientists involved, their time, and their work. Together they form a mosaic of modern physics: formulating relativity and quantum mechanics, finding the constituents of matter and unravelling the forces between them, understanding the working of conductors and semiconductors, discovering and explaining macroscopic quantum effects (superconductivity, superfluidity, quantum Hall effect), developing novel experimental techniques like the Geiger counter and particle accelerators, building revolutionary applications like the transistor and the laser, and observing astonishing features of our cosmos (expanding universe, cosmic background radiation). The text is intended for easy reading. Occasionally, a more thorough discussion of experimental set-ups and theoretical concepts is presented in special boxes for readers interested in more detail. Episodes contain extensive references to biographies and original scientific literature. The book is richly illustrated by about 600 portraits, photographs, and figures.
Download or read book The Telescope in the Ice written by Mark Bowen and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IceCube Observatory, a South Pole instrument making the first actual observations of high-energy neutrinos, has been called the “weirdest” of the seven wonders of modern astronomy by Scientific American. In The Telescope in the Ice, Mark Bowen tells the amazing story of the people who built the instrument and the science involved. Located near the U. S. Amundsen-Scott Research Station at the geographic South Pole, IceCube is unlike most telescopes in that it is not designed to detect light. It employs a cubic kilometer of diamond-clear ice, more than a mile beneath the surface, to detect an elementary particle known as the neutrino. In 2010, it detected the first extraterrestrial high-energy neutrinos and thus gave birth to a new field of astronomy. IceCube is also the largest particle physics detector ever built. Its scientific goals span not only astrophysics and cosmology but also pure particle physics. And since the neutrino is one of the strangest and least understood of the known elementary particles, this is fertile ground. Neutrino physics is perhaps the most active field in particle physics today, and IceCube is at the forefront. The Telescope in the Ice is, ultimately, a book about people and the thrill of the chase: the struggle to understand the neutrino and the pioneers and inventors of neutrino astronomy.
Download or read book State Of The Art Of Neutrino Physics The A Tutorial For Graduate Students And Young Researchers written by Antonio Ereditato and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The neutrino is the most fascinating elementary particle due to its elusive nature and outstanding properties that have attracted the interest of generations of physicists since 1930, when it was first postulated by Wolfgang Pauli as a 'desperate remedy' to explain the apparent energy violation in the beta decay. Many fundamental discoveries in particle physics had the neutrino involved in one way or another. To date, neutrino physics is still one of the hottest topics of modern particle physics. Key experiments and significant theoretical developments have contributed in building up what we can call now the Standard Model of Neutrino Physics.The aim of the book is to provide graduate students and young researchers a comprehensive tutorial in modern neutrino physics, specially tailored with emphasis on the educational aspects. It provides an overview of the basics and of recent achievements in the field, from both experimental and theoretical points of view.
Download or read book Scientific Research In World War II written by Ad Maas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-01-13 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to explore how scientists across a number of countries managed to cope with the challenging circumstances created by World War II. No scientist remained unaffected by the outbreak of WWII. As the book shows, there were basically two opposite ways in which the war encroached on the life of a scientific researcher. In some cases, the outbreak of the war led to engagement in research in support of a war-waging country; in the other extreme, it resulted in their marginalisation. The book, starting with the most marginalised scientist and ending with those fully engaged in the war-effort, covers the whole spectrum of enormously varying scientific fates. Distinctive features of the volume include: a focus on the experiences of ‘ordinary’ scientists, rather than on figureheads like Oppenheimer or Otto Hahn contributions from a range of renowned academics including Mark Walker, an authority in the field of science in World War II a detailed study of the Netherlands during the German Occupation This richly illustrated volume will be of major interest to researchers of the history of science, World War II, and Modern History.
Download or read book Salvador Luria written by Rena Selya and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-10-25 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The life of Nobel-winning biologist Salvador Luria, whose passion for science was equaled by his commitment to political engagement in Cold War America. Blacklisted from federal funding review panels but awarded a Nobel Prize for his research on bacteriophage, biologist Salvador Luria (1912–1991) was as much an activist as a scientist. In this first full-length biography of Luria, Rena Selya draws on extensive archival research; interviews with Luria’s family, colleagues, and students; and FBI documents obtained through the Freedom of Information Act to create a compelling portrait of a man committed to both science and society. In addition to his work with viruses and bacteria in the 1940s, Luria broke new ground in molecular biology and cancer research from the 1950s to the 1980s and was a leader in calling for scientists to accept an educational and advisory responsibility to the public. In return, he believed, the public should rely on science to strengthen social and political institutions. Luria was born in Italy, where the Fascists came to power when he was ten. He left Italy for France due to the antisemitic Race Laws of 1938, and then fled as a Jewish refugee from Nazi Europe, making his way to the United States. Once an American citizen, Luria became a grassroots activist on behalf of civil rights, labor representation, nuclear disarmament, and American military disengagement from the Vietnam and Gulf Wars. Luria joined the MIT faculty in 1960 and was the founding director of the Center for Cancer Research. Throughout his life he remained as passionate about his engagement with political issues as about his science, and continued to fight for peace and freedom until his death.
Download or read book Neutrino Mixing Festschrift In Honour Of Samoil Bilenky s 70th Birthday written by Wanda Maria Alberico and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-11-24 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of neutrino oscillations was suggested in 1957 by B Pontecorvo, immediately after the discovery of parity violation in β-decay. It took more than 40 years and the efforts of many experimental teams before the first convincing evidence that neutrinos are massive and mixed particles came to light.A central figure in this enthusiastic endeavour to unravel neutrino properties is Samoil M Bilenky, from his early collaboration (in Dubna) with Pontecorvo to his most recent attempts at analyzing and reconciling, in a coherent theoretical framework, the results of many difficult experiments. These aim at the measurement of neutrino masses and oscillations: from the various solar neutrino experiments, via the LSND accelerator experiment, to the most suggestive atmospheric neutrino experiments.This book, which celebrates the seventieth birthday of Samoil M Bilenky, offers a fairly complete overview of theoretical issues and experimental facts about our present understanding of neutrino physics and its implications for astrophysical and cosmological problems. Indeed, some contributions are devoted to more general topics within and beyond the Standard Model, from lattice QCD to dark matter and supersymmetric models.
Download or read book Selected Papers 1945 1980 with Commentary written by Chen Ning Yang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consists of 73 articles and added items exclusively for this edition.
Download or read book Neutrinos And Other Matters Selected Works Of Frederick Reines written by William R Kropp and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1991-01-22 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of the scientific papers of Frederick Reines. Its publication is to commemorate the 70th birthday, in 1988, of this distinguished scientist. The selected papers here cover many aspects of his work in neutrino physics, astrophysics and conservation law tests. They have been divided into logical groupings, each introduced by a leading authority in that field, who helps the reader to see the reprinted articles with a better historical and scientific perspective.
Download or read book Selected Papers from 43rd International Conference of Theoretical Physics written by Janusz Gluza and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-03-27 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the origins of the Universe and how it works and evolves is the present mission of a large community of physicists. It calls for a large scale vision, involving general relativity, astrophysics, and cosmology. Theoretical physics is presently at an important moment in its history. As predicted by Einstein, gravitational waves have been experimentally proven to exist. With the discovery of the Higgs boson, the set of interactions and elementary particles that is called the "standard model" (SM), is complete. Yet the Higgs boson itself, and how it breaks the electroweak symmetry, remains a fascinating subject requiring further studies and verification. Furthermore, several experimental facts are not accounted for by the SM: (i) the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, (ii) the nature and origin of dark matter, and (iii) the origin of neutrino masses; these have no unique, if any, explanation in the SM and yet will require answers from particle physics. We need to explore further both SM and its extensions. This is a subject of papers included in this book, which gives representation to the topics discussed during the Matter to the Deepest conference in 2019 in Poland (http://indico.if.us.edu.pl/event/5).
Download or read book Half Life written by Frank Close and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The memo landed on Kim Philby's desk in Washington, DC, in July 1950. Three months later, Bruno Pontecorvo, a physicist at Harwell, Britain's atomic energy lab, disappeared without a trace. When he re-surfaced six years later, he was on the other side of the Iron Curtain. One of the most brilliant scientists of his generation, Pontecorvo was privy to many secrets: he had worked on the Anglo-Canadian arm of the Manhattan Project, and quietly discovered a way to find the uranium coveted by nuclear powers. Yet when he disappeared MI5 insisted he was not a threat. Now, based on unprecedented access to archives, letters, surviving family members and scientists, award-winning writer and physics professor Frank Close exposes the truth about a man irrevocably marked by the advent of the atomic age and the Cold War.
Download or read book Memorial Volume For Jack Steinberger With Selected Papers And A Commentary By W d Schlatter written by Julia Steinberger and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-10-25 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a tribute to Jack Steinberger (1921-2020) whose contributions play an important role in the development of particle physics. Together with Leon M Lederman and Melvin Schwartz, he was awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the muon neutrino. The book begins with an introduction by Julia Steinberger and a collection of photographs of Jack Steinberger, followed by the sharing by Jack's former colleagues, students, and friends of their interactions with him on research in physics as well as many personal reminiscences. The second part of the book is a special collection of published works by Jack Steinberger and collaborators and a commentary by W-D Schlatter on Jack Steinberger's early papers, Nobel Prize experiment, CP-violation in kaon decay, CDHS neutrino experiment, and ALEPH e⁺e⁻ experiment.
Download or read book CERN Courier written by European Organization for Nuclear Research and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This journal is devoted to the latest research on physics, publishing articles on everything from elementary particle behavior to black holes and the history of the universe.
Download or read book Selected Papers 1945 1980 Of Chen Ning Yang With Commentary written by Chen Ning Yang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2005-08-22 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A remarkable personal and professional chronicle by one of today's leading physicists, this is a collection of Chen Ning Yang's personally selected papers supplemented by his insightful commentaries. Including previously unpublished or hard-to-find works, this volume contains Yang's important papers on statistical physics, nuclear forces, and particle physics. Among them are his seminal work with T D Lee on the nonconservation of parity, for which they won the Nobel Prize, and his work with R L Mills, which led to modern gauge theories with their exciting prospects for the broad unification of field theories.The commentaries were written especially for this volume and provide a fascinating account of Yang's development as a physicist as well as a look at many important physicists of the 20th century. They trace the development of Yang's interests and ideas from his graduate school days to the present, showing how he worked with his colleagues and how their physics came into being.Together, the papers and commentaries in this unique collection comprise a powerful personal statement, shedding light on both the intellectual development of a great physicist and on the nature of scientific inquiry.
