Download or read book Avalanche Protection Measures a Case Study written by Silvan Frei and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Technical Avalanche Protection Handbook written by Florian Rudolf-Miklau and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snow avalanches can have highly destructive consequences in developed areas. Each year, avalanche catastrophes occur in mountain regions around the globe and cause unnecessary fatalities and severe damage to buildings and infrastructure. In some mountainous regions, especially in the European Alps, technical avalanche defence structures are built to increase the level of safety for inhabited areas; however, new infrastructure such as roads, railway lines and tourist facilities cause new risk potential in hazardous areas. As a result, the demand is increasing for technical avalanche protection solutions. Avalanche defence structures and protection systems are used in most inhabited mountain regions worldwide. During the last decades, technical avalanche protection has evolved from a specialist field to an independent engineering branch that has gained importance in alpine countries such as Austria, Italy, France and Switzerland, as well as in other countries such as Canada, Iceland, Norway and USA. This work is the first comprehensive, English-language overview of technical avalanche protection and establishes state-of-the-art best practices in the field. It covers the fundamentals of avalanche protection technology and includes plans, dimensions, construction and maintenance of defence structures. The editors have collaborated with an international team of experts from Austria, Canada, France, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Norway, Switzerland and USA to produce this landmark handbook.
Download or read book Snow Avalanches written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Snow Avalanches written by United States. Forest Service and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental Study of the Influence of Protection Structures on Avalanches and Impact Pressures written by Paolo Caccamo and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental study of the influence of protection structures on avalanches and impact pressures Abstract: In the frame of snow avalanche protection, the optimisation of defence structure design depends on the understanding of the flow dynamics and on a exhaustive knowledge of the flow-obstacle interaction. The study presented here utilises a mainly experimental approach. Small-scale laboratory tests were combined with field measurements and observations. Dense snow avalanches are modelled by granular materials. Dry cohesionless and mono-dispersed glass beads are released down an inclined channel. Reference tests (with no obstacles) were carried out in order to characterise the flow dynamic properties, and an obstacle was then mounted and force measurements were taken. The geometry of two obstacles was tested: a large wall spanning the whole width of the flow and a narrower wall allowing lateral flows. Results showed that an influence zone forms uphill from the obstacle and plays an important role in the flow dynamics. An analysis of this zone was carried out, together with precise measurements of the flow depth (laser technique), surface velocity (PIV) and impact forces (force sensors). In relation to density currents, powder snow avalanches are modelled by a dyed salt solution flowing down an inclined channel immersed in a water tank. We investigated the influence of two different catching-dam-type obstacles on the flow behaviour with respect to reference conditions. The maximum flow height and its front and core velocity were measured by means of image processing and ultrasound Doppler velocimetry. Results mainly showed the higher effectiveness of a dam with vertical uphill face rather than inclined and underscored the importance of the velocity norm in the computation of the total incoming flow velocity. In-situ full-scale measurements complement small-scale laboratory tests. A new full-scale experimental site was implemented on the existing avalanche defence system of Taconnaz (Chamonix, France). Three breaking mounds were equipped with velocity and pressure sensors. The reference event, the rough site conditions, the need for data synchronization and remote access defined the design constraints. In December 2010, the first event was recorded, which proved that the conceived system works effectively and also provided the first set of data. Preliminary results showed very high pressure peaks with high impact pressures even for low velocity regimes and thus a drag coefficient which increases when the Froude number decreases. Isolated rocks or ice blocks struck the sensors, contributing significantly to the total energy released by the avalanche. This work provided effective inputs for numerical and analytical models and enhanced the current knowledge of avalanche dynamics in order to optimise the future design guidelines for avalanche protection structures. Keywords: Snow avalanches, impact pressure, laboratory experiments, dense avalanches, granular flows, influence zone, dead zone to granular jump transition, powder avalanches, density currents, ultrasound Doppler velocimetry, full-scale measurements.
Download or read book The Science of an Avalanche written by Carol Hand and published by Cherry Lake. This book was released on 2015-08-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the science behind avalanches and their effects. The chapters explore case studies of avalanches, identify environmental factors that cause these disasters, and explain how experts prevent avalanches. Diagrams, charts, and photos provide opportunities to evaluate and understand the scientific concepts involved.
Download or read book Disaster risk reduction in school curricula case studies from thirty countries written by and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2012 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Aspects of Snow Avalanche Risk Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2016-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Snow Avalanche Hazards and Mitigation in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1990-02-01 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present mortality as a result of snow avalanches exceeds the average mortality caused by earthquakes as well as all other forms of slope failure combined. Snow avalanches can range from small amounts of loose snow moving rapidly down a slope to slab avalanches, in which large chunks of snow break off and destroy everything in their path. Although considered a hazard in the United States since the westward expansion in the nineteenth century, in modern times snow avalanches are an increasing concern in recreational mountainous areas. However, programs for snow avalanche hazard mitigation in other countries are far ahead of those in the United States. The book identifies several steps that should be taken by the United States in order to establish guidelines for research, technology transfer, and avalanche legislation and zoning.
Download or read book Snow and Ice Related Hazards Risks and Disasters written by Wilfried Haeberli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-02-12 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Snow and Ice-Related Hazards, Risks, and Disasters, Second Edition, provides you with the latest scientific developments in sea level rise, permafrost degradation, rock/ice avalanches, glacier surges, glacial lake outburst floods, ice shelf collapses, climate change implications, causality, impacts, preparedness and mitigation. The book takes a geo-scientific approach to the topic while also covering current thinking about directly related social scientific issues that can affect ecosystems and global economies. Special emphasis is placed on the rapidly progressing effects from global warming on the cryosphere, perspectives for the future and latest scientific advances, and technological developments. Presents the latest research on causality, glacial surges, ice-shelf collapses, sea level rise, climate change implications, and more Contains numerous tables, maps, diagrams, illustrations and photographs of hazardous processes Features new insights on the implications of climate change, including increased melting, collapsing, flooding, methane emissions, and sea level rise
Download or read book Avalanche Dynamics written by S.P. Pudasaini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-30 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Avalanches, mudflows and landslides are common and natural phenomena that occur in mountainous regions. With an emphasis on snow avalanches, this book provides a survey and discussion about the motion of avalanche-like flows from initiation to run out. An important aspect of this book is the formulation and investigation of a simple but appropriate continuum mechanical model for the realistic prediction of geophysical flows of granular material.
Download or read book General Technical Report RM written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Design of Avalanche Protection Dams written by Tómas Jóhannesson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book represents a capitalisation of knowledge from previous EC research projects in the field of Natural hazards and, in particular, the CADZIE and SATSIE projects addressing the problem of avalanches. It is about the design of dams and other protection measures in the run-out zones of wet- and dry-snow avalanches. The book summarises recent theoretical developments and the results of field and laboratory studies, combining them with traditional design guidelines and principles to formulate design recommendations. The findings of the book are relevant to avalanche experts and authorities concerned with protection measures and risk management." -- Editor.
Download or read book Life Cycle Civil Engineering Innovation Theory and Practice written by Airong Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-26 with total page 1758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life-Cycle Civil Engineering: Innovation, Theory and Practice contains the lectures and papers presented at IALCCE2020, the Seventh International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, held in Shanghai, China, October 27-30, 2020. It consists of a book of extended abstracts and a multimedia device containing the full papers of 230 contributions, including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, eight keynote lectures, and 221 technical papers from all over the world. All major aspects of life-cycle engineering are addressed, with special emphasis on life-cycle design, assessment, maintenance and management of structures and infrastructure systems under various deterioration mechanisms due to various environmental hazards. It is expected that the proceedings of IALCCE2020 will serve as a valuable reference to anyone interested in life-cycle of civil infrastructure systems, including students, researchers, engineers and practitioners from all areas of engineering and industry.
Download or read book Papers and Discussions Presented Before the Coal Division written by American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book RISK21 Coping with Risks due to Natural Hazards in the 21st Century written by Walter J. Ammann and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-08-17 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, there has been an increase in the number of natural hazards which have culminated in catastrophic consequences, severely impacting on people and livelihoods. In response to this escalation, the Swiss Natural Hazards Competence Centre (CENAT) organized a workshop entitled "RISK21" at the Centro Stefano Franscini, Mon
Download or read book An Overview of the Need for Avalanche Protection Measures in Iceland written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
