Download or read book Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil written by Claudio Ferraz and published by IIED. This book was released on 2013 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution concentrations have been rapidly increasing in the major urban areas of Brazil caused mainly by the increasing use of vehicles. In the presence of this negative externality, environmental regulation is required. Car emission control policies in Brazil have relied basically on mandatory emission standards and subsidies for specific cleaner technology resulting in substantial decrease of car emission rates. Nevertheless, car sale taxes, differentiated by vehicles' size and fuel, have also influenced car emission patterns. This paper analyzes the compliance trend of the Brazilian fleet with environmental standards between 1992 and 1997. We find that larger automobiles had the fastest compliance schedule while popular models adjusted very slowly. Also gasoline-fueled models had a faster adjustment pattern than ethanol cars. Additionally, we analyze the current relationship between pollution emissions and car characteristics in order to orient policy formulation. We find a positive relationship between emissions rates and horse power, concluding that although the current value added-sale car tax is not environmental harmful, a tax differentiating clean from dirty models, within each tax bracket, could create substantial incentives for emission control in the future.
Download or read book Travel Mode Substitution in S o Paulo written by Joffre Dan Swait and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Automotive Air Pollution written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automotive air pollution will intensify with increasing urbanization and the rapid pace of motorization in developing countries. Without effective measures to curb air pollution, some 300-400 million city dwellers in developing countries will become exposed to unhealthy and dangerous levels of air pollution by the end of the century. Administratively simple policies that encourage clean fuels and better traffic management are the most promising approach to controlling vehicle pollutant emissions in developing countries.
Download or read book Brazil Managing Environmental Pollution in the State of Rio de Janeiro Technical report written by World Bank. Latin America and the Caribbean, Country Dept. I. Natural Resources and Rural Poverty Division and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vehicular Air Pollution written by Bekir Onursal and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much is expected of private financing to help meet the infrastructure requirements of the rapidly growing East Asian economies. Although private financing grew briskly during the 1990s, it represents only a small share of all infrastructure investment in the region (between 12 and 18 percent). This monograph draws on experience in a number of countries in East Asia, as well as Australia, Chile, and India, to analyze the impediments to and prospects for private financing of infrastructure. The chapters discuss the choices available to policymakers and the strategies that governments have followed. An overview chapter describes recent trends in international financing of infrastructure projects in the region, discusses the key policy and institutional impediments to greater private participation, and assesses the role of domestic capital markets and finance. It also outlines a national and regional strategy for stimulating private investment in infrastructure. The case studies from countries outside East Asia illustrate the payoffs of increased integration and concerted moves toward private provision of infrastructure.
Download or read book Biofuels written by Krzysztof Biernat and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-30 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The edited volume presents the progress of first and second generation biofuel production technology in selected countries. Possibility of producing alternative fuels containing biocomponents and selected research methods of biofuels exploitation characteristics (also aviation fuels) was characterized. The book shows also some aspects of the environmental impact of the production and biofuels using, and describes perspectives of biofuel production technology development. It provides the review of biorefinery processes with a particular focus on pretreatment methods of selected primary and secondary raw materials. The discussion includes also a possibility of sustainable development of presented advanced biorefinery processes.
Download or read book Principles and Practice of X Ray Spectrometric Analysis written by E.P. Bertin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition of this book was published early in 1970, three major developments have occurred in the field of x-ray spectrochemical analysis. First, wavelength-dispersive spectrometry, in 1970 already securely established among instrumental analytical methods, has matured. Highly sophisticated, miniaturized, modular, solid-state circuitry has replaced elec tron-tube circuitry in the readout system. Computers are now widely used to program and control fully automated spectrometers and to store, process, and compute analytical concentrations directly and immediately from ac cumulated count data. Matrix effects have largely yielded to mathematical treatment. The problems associated with the ultralong-wavelength region have been largely surmounted. Indirect (association) methods have extended the applicability of x-ray spectrometry to the entire periodic table and even to certain classes of compounds. Modern commercial, computerized, auto matic, simultaneous x-ray spectrometers can index up to 60 specimens in turn into the measurement position and for each collect count data for up to 30 elements and read out the analytical results in 1--4 min-all corrected for absorption-enhancement and particle-size or surface-texture effects and wholly unattended. Sample preparation has long been the time-limiting step in x-ray spectrochemical analysis. Second, energy-dispersive spectrometry, in 1970 only beginning to assume its place among instrumental analytical methods, has undergone phenomenal development and application and, some believe, may supplant wavelength spectrometry for most applications in the foreseeable future.
Download or read book Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles written by Asif Faiz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions by Surhid Gautam and Lit-Mian Chan. This book presents a state-of-the art review of vehicle emission standards and regulations and provides a synthesis of worldwide experience with vehicle emission control technologies and their applications in both industrial and developing countries. Topics covered include: * The two principal international systems of vehicle emission standards: those of North America and Europe * Test procedures used to verify compliance with emissions standards and to estimate actual emissions * Engine and aftertreatment technologies that have been developed to enable new vehicles to comply with emission standards, as well as the cost and other impacts of these technologies * An evaluation of measures for controlling emissions from in-use vehicles * The role of fuels in reducing vehicle emissions, the benefits that could be gained by reformulating conventional gasoline and diesel fuels, the potential benefits of alternative cleaner fuels, and the prospects for using hydrogen and electric power to run motor vehicles with ultra-low or zero emissions. This book is the first in a series of publications on vehicle-related pollution and control measures prepared by the World Bank in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme to underpin the Bank's overall objective of promoting transport that is environmentally sustainable and least damaging to human health and welfare.
Download or read book Energy Transition in Brazil written by Drielli Peyerl and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-16 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book's objective is to present the energy transition process in Brazil over time and offer new perspectives on this process in the eyes of a sustainable future. The book unfolds over 15 chapters covering historical, geopolitical, technological, and economical aspects, as well as aspects conceptually familiar to the energy transition such as public perception, low-carbon technologies, digitalization, Sustainable Development Goals, and even recent topics such as the pandemic of COVID-19. The Brazilian electricity and transport sectors and climate change governance are the main focus of this book. The paths taken throughout this book demonstrate the particularities of Brazil and present this country in a unique and differentiated way in terms of the various approaches to the energy transition. It is a book that brings a multidisciplinary, innovative vision and information published for the first time.
Download or read book Green Economy in the Transport Sector written by John Ogony Odiyo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is interdisciplinary and provides cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration of sustainable development and transportation in South Africa. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book contributes not only to academia but also seeks to inform urban and regional policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of South Africa as espoused in the National Development Plan (NDP), 2030, National Spatial Development Framework (NSDF) Draft (2019), National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (NCASS) Draft (2019), Green Transport Strategy for South Africa (2018–2050), and National Transportation Plan (NATMAP), 2050. Adopting a multi-dimensional assessment, the book provides a background for co-production concerning climate change, sustainable development, and transportation in the Global South. The book contributes in its analysis of the institutional and legislative framework that relates to the climate change, skills and knowledge transfer, sustainable development, and transportation in South Africa, as these are responsible for the evolution of the green economy and transport sector in the country. The connections among different sectors and issues such as environment, transport modes, technology innovation, vehicle management and emission control, skills and knowledge transfer, legislative and policy framework, and the wider objectives of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially goals 11 to 13. The success stories relating to climate change, sustainable development, and transportation in South Africa are identified together with the best possible practices that may inform better environmental, urban and regional planning, policy, practice, and management.
Download or read book Environmental Regulations and Innovation in Advanced Automobile Technologies written by Ashish Bharadwaj and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines innovation in environment-friendly technologies in the automobile industry. The focus of the book are Germany (a technology leader in the global automobile industry), on the one hand, and India, China and Brazil (technologically proficient emerging technology leaders) on the other hand. Patents have been used as a metric to measure and understand innovation. The book traces the evolution of regulatory standards in the automobile industry, relies on a unique patent dataset, and draws on a number of interviews conducted with regulators and engineers to get a better picture of how environmental policies and standards, including emission norms and fuel requirements, have developed overtime and now the industry has responded. The book’s core argument is that technological innovation is what has driven the industry in the past 125 years, but, at the same time, the industry has created problems and faced controversies with regard to its path dependency on carbon-intensive technologies. As a result, we have witnessed growing role of environmental regulators in ensuring that the growth path of the automobile industry, a powerhouse of growth of several economies, is aligned with the larger goals of addressing climate change and energy concerns. Against the backdrop of the emergence of Brazil, China and India in the global economy, the book focuses on the developments in these three countries, and draws parallels with Germany, which benefited from first mover advantage in technology and a substantial head-start in implementing cogent environmental policies. A standardized International Patent Classification (IPC) system has been used to, first, construct an index of regulatory stringency, based on regulations that came about between 1985 and 2010; and second, construct a unique cross-country weighted patent dataset for technologies invented in the past two and a half decades.
Download or read book Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control III written by A. Frennet and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-11-02 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings are based on the third of a series of symposia devoted to the use of catalysis for the depollution of exhaust gases of motor vehicles. Although catalysts have been used for this purpose for some thirty years, the subject is still very topical because of its economic impact. The increasing number of submitted, accepted and published papers amply attests to this fact.
Download or read book Air and Noise Pollution Abatement Services An Examination of U S and Foreign Markets Inv 332 461 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Bank Approaches to the Environment in Brazil Pollution control in S o Paulo written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Doing Business in Brazil written by Pinheiro Neto - Advogados and published by Juris Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 1506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides a comprehensive and detailed examination of all relevant legislation and practice in Brazil that affects business and investment. Doing Business in Brazil offers a wide-ranging analysis and commentary on Brazilian business laws as well as a detailed description of the Brazilian government, legislature and judiciary. Appendices provide all important legislation, regulations, and decrees (most translated into English) that impact on business and investment in Brazil. Topical Coverage Includes: Business OrganizationsForeign Investment RegulationImport-Export ControlContractsBankruptcy and InsolvencyPropertyAdministrative LawTaxationSocial and Labor LawIntellectual and Industrial PropertyFinancial InstitutionsInsuranceLicensing AgreementsTrade Regulations and AntitrustInformatics Law Value Package
Download or read book Summaries of Foreign Government Environmental Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Green Technologies and the Mobility Industry written by Andrew Brown and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2010-11-16 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features 20 SAE technical papers, originally published in 2009 and 2010, which showcase how the mobility industry is developing greener products and staying responsive - if not ahead of - new standards and legal requirements. These papers were selected by SAE International's 2010 President Dr. Andrew Brown Jr., Executive Director and Chief Technologist for Delphi Corporation. Authored by international experts from both industry and academia, they cover a wide range of cutting-edge subjects including powertrain electrification, alternative fuels, new emissions standards and remediation strategies, nanotechnology, sustainability, in-vehicle networking, and how various countries are also stepping up to the "green challenge". Green Technologies and the Mobility Industry also offers additional useful information: the most recent Delphi Worldwide Emissions Standards booklets, which will be shipped with the print version of this title, or as part of the PDF download, if you purchase the ebook version. Exclusive Multimedia Package Watch Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. describe the new trends in green mobility. Download a free SAE presentation on green technologies and the mobility industry. Challenging times: an interview with Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. Buy the Set and Save! This book is the first in the trilogy from SAE on "Safe, Green and Connected" vehicles in the mobility industry edited by Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. This trilogy can be purchased in a combination of the following sets: Green Technologies and Active Safety in the Mobility Industry Green Technologies and Connectivity in the Mobility Industry Active Safety and Connectivity in the Mobility Industry Buy the Entire 3 Volume Set to Save the Most! Green, Safe & Connected: The Future of Mobility
