Download or read book Automobile Catalytic Converters written by Kathleen C. Taylor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of catalytic converters for the purification of automotive exhaust gases is a relatively new technology which was brought into existence by social pressures for the preservation of acceptable environmental conditions. The majority of catalytic practitioners have been able to watch the growth of this technology from its inception to its current state of sophistication. Automotive catalytic converter technology is now in a mature state, and this chapter from Vol. 5 Catalysis: Science and Technology by Dr. K. C. Taylor provides a review which covers both the process chemistry and the most important converter design factors. Contents 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. Emission Regulations in the United States. 3. Exhaust Emission Characteristics. . 3 4. 1981 Emission Control Technology. 5 A. Converters. . . 5 B. Control System. 7 8 ~. Catalyst Screening . 6. Laboratory Testing. .10 7. The Chemical Reactions 13 8. Composition of Three-Way Catalysts. 16 A. Rhodium 17 21 B. Platinum. C. Palladium 22 D. Iridium . 22 23 E. Ruthenium and Nickel. F. Cerium Oxide ..... 23 G. Search for Alternatives to Nohle Metals 24 9. Catalyst Supports . 25 A. Pellets .... 26 B. Monoliths . . 26 10. The Transient Behavior of Three-Way Catalysts 27 II. Deterioration of Three-Way Catalysts. 35 A. Thermal Effects. . . . 35 B. Phosphorus Poisoning. . . 37 C. Lead Poisoning. . . . . . · 38 D. Catalyst Poisoning by Sulfur · 40 12. The 0.4 NO,; Research Objective. · 41 13. Control of Diesel Particulate Emissions.
Download or read book Methods for Monitoring and Diagnosing the Efficiency of Catalytic Converters written by M. Sideris and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1998-06-19 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic evolution of catalytic converters in the last thirty years was a result of a need worldwide to reduce pollution created by the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Environmental concerns have led American, Japanese and European Union (EU) legislation to pose continuously stricter emission limits for petrol engines in the last decades. The catalytic converter has become the most important means of exhaust treatment to achieve the desired emission limits. The international legislation has also created a need for a regular assessment of the efficiency of the catalytic converter in order to detect a deterioration of its conversion efficiency as soon as this deterioration takes place. The assessment of conversion efficiency of a catalytic converter can take place during normal driving of a vehicle (on-board diagnosis or OBD) or in a workshop by specialized technicians. The most important methods nowadays are the OBD methods. The evolution of methods concerned with OBD and non-OBD monitoring and diagnosing of efficiency of catalytic converters of internal combustion engines is described based on patents and published patent applications. Non-patent references are also used. The basic principles of modern catalytic converters are described in an extensive Introduction, where the importance of monitoring and diagnosing the efficiency of catalytic converters is demonstrated. The book is divided into four parts. The first part describes methods involving the use of oxygen or air/fuel exhaust gas sensors to determine the oxygen storage capacity of a catalytic converter. The second part describes methods involving the use of temperature sensors to determine the exothermic reaction capacity of a catalytic converter. The third part describes all other methods existing in patent literature that monitor and diagnose the efficiency of catalytic converters. The great majority of the methods of the third part involves exhaust gas concentration measurements. The fourth part comprises a general discussion of all methods described. In the beginning of each part, a short introduction is given to explain the problem that the methods attempt to solve. The methods in each part are presented in chronological order per patent applicant. This helps to evaluate how the patent applicant has improved his methods over time. A patent number index with information about the patent applicants, inventors, priorities and patent-families, an inventor index, a company index and a subject index can be found at the end of the book.
Download or read book Processing Automobile Catalytic Converters for Recovering Platinum group Metals written by United States. Bureau of Mines and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Materials Aspects in Automotive Catalytic Converters written by Hans Bode and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2002-06-10 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MACC 2001 is the successor meeting of the first international conference on Materials Aspects in Automotive Catalytic Converters, MACC '97, and concentrates on the high-temperature mechanical and oxidation behaviour of both metal-supported and ceramic-supported automotive catalysts. The metal-supported catalyst is based on a ferritic steel with 5-8% aluminium, 17-22% chromium and small additions of reactive elements. More than 20,000,000 units were produced in 1999. The ceramic-supported catalytic converter is based on corderite. The production rate of ceramic-supported catalysts is much higher. Both materials have specific advantages and disadvantages which determine the application for a given car model. In addition to these two basic groups of catalytic carriers, the scope of the conference also refers to coating aspects, since the influence of the coating composition is becoming more and more important. The car and car-supplying industries report on their future requirements with respect to performance and service life. Maintaining good performance is mandatory particularly in the view of thinner supports and higher temperatures. Service life predictions, based on modelling and simulation techniques, will depend on reliable materials' data. This volume will therefore be invaluable to all scientists and engineers involved in the design and development of automotive catalysts.
Download or read book Motor Vehicle Emissions Control Catalytic converter systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Consultant Report to the Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions Commission on Sociotechnical Systems National Research Council on an Evaluation of Catalytic Converters for Control of Automobile Exhaust Pollutants written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advanced Catalytic Converters and Substrates for Gasoline Emission Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection of papers from the 2001 SAE World Congress, held March 5-8 in Detroit, Michigan. Paper topics include: a comparison of conversion efficiency and flow restriction performance of ceramic and metallic catalyst substrates; application of advanced three-way catalyst technologies on high cell density ultra thin-wall ceramic substrates for future emission legislations; prediction of catalytic performance during light-off phase with different wall thickness, cell density and cell shape; modeling the effect of substrate cell shape on conversion in monolith catalysts; shear strength of cordierite ceramic catalyst supports; suppression of sulfide emission during lean NOx trap desulfation; a non-noble metal based catalytic converter for two-stroke, two-wheeler applications; and an intelligent catalyst.
Download or read book Advisory Report on the Health Implications of the Catalytic Converter written by Illinois. Environmental Health Resource Center and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cameron Rowland Book of Numbers written by and published by Walther Konig Verlag. This book was released on 2019-04 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book of Numbers? is a facsimile of an index of used catalytic converters, published by the artist. It contains the current market values of the respective materials used in each to filter the exhaust, for example Rhodium, Platinum, and Palladium. This book is ordered according to vehicle brand, model and year of production. Trade of used catalytic converters is illegal in most of the United States because their disposal is regulated by the emissions laws of the individual states.
Download or read book Catalytic Converter Technology in the Automobile Industry written by Joseph Mendelsohn and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalytic Air Pollution Control written by Ronald M. Heck and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalytic Air Pollution Control: Commercial Technology is the primary source for commercial catalytic air pollution control technology, offering engineers a comprehensive account of all modern catalytic technology. This Third Edition covers all the new advances in technology in automotive catalyst control technology, diesel engine catalyst control technology, small engine catalyst control technology, and alternate sustainable fuels for auto and diesel.
Download or read book Cleaner Cars written by J Robert Mondt and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2000-01-28 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book chronicles a 35-year success story - the technology that was developed and the progress that was made to achieve the goal of reducing air pollution from automobiles. "Air pollution from automobiles as of the year 2000 will have been lowered to levels less than 5% of those for pre-control era vehicles," writes author J. Robert Mondt, who spent over 30 years working on the development of emission control systems for automobiles. Mondt covers both the technological and political aspects of this effort, from the early environmental concerns in California to the Clean Air Acts of the 1960s to the introduction of catalytic converters in 1975. He also covers the revised Clean Air Acts of the 1960s to the introduction of catalytic converters in 1975.
Download or read book Aftermarket Catalytic Converters written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recycling of Palladium Platinum and Rhodium from Automobile Catalytic Converters written by Jungin Park and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemistry 2e written by Paul Flowers and published by . This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry 2e is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative. Changes made in Chemistry 2e are described in the preface to help instructors transition to the second edition.
Download or read book Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control II written by A. Crucq and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1991-11-20 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the proceedings of the second symposium on Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control. CAPoC 2 was a great success from the point of view of its scientific interest, as evidenced by the content of this book, and also from the high participation, some 260 scientists. About two-thirds of the contributors came from the industrial world, mainly the car and oil industries and catalyst manufacturers. This is ample proof that exhaust catalysis remains a major topic of interest. The first part of the book is a general introduction to the problem of automotive pollution. The second, strictly catalytic, part is devoted to fundamental and applied studies on pollution control, with emphasis on exhaust catalytic converters.
Download or read book Metal supported Automotive Catalytic Converters written by Hans Bode and published by Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
