Download or read book Automated Lumbar Spine Diagnosis written by Raja Alomari and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lower back pain (LBP) is the second most common neurological ailment in the United States after the headache according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Over 11 million Americans have some sort of Intervertebral Disc Disease (IDD) costing over $50 billion annually for related diagnosis and rehabilitation of the patients. In this book, we propose a computer-aided diagnosis system for lumbar spine. our CAD system utilizes a set of machine learning-based solutions for diagnosis of lumbar inter-vertebral disc degenerative diseases (IDD). We study clinical MRI from our collaborating radiologists group and use their clinical diagnosis reports as our gold standard for diagnosis of each disc level in the lumbar area.
Download or read book Automated Detection and Measurement of Dural Sack Cross sectional Area in Lumbar Spine MRI Using Deep Learning written by Babak Ebrahimzadeh Saravi and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical diagnostic tool for the assessment of various spinal pathologies, including degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, and spondylolisthesis. The accurate identification and quantification of the dural sack cross-sectional area are essential for the evaluation of these conditions. Current manual measurement methods are time-consuming and prone to inter-observer variability. Our study developed and validated deep learning models, specifically U-Net, Attention U-Net, and MultiResUNet, for the automated detection and measurement of the dural sack area in lumbar spine MRI, using a dataset of 515 patients with symptomatic back pain and externally validating the results based on 50 patient scans. The U-Net model achieved an accuracy of 0.9990 and 0.9987 on the initial and external validation datasets, respectively. The Attention U-Net model reported an accuracy of 0.9992 and 0.9989, while the MultiResUNet model displayed a remarkable accuracy of 0.9996 and 0.9995, respectively. All models showed promising precision, recall, and F1-score metrics, along with reduced mean absolute errors compared to the ground truth manual method. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the potential of these deep learning models for the automated detection and measurement of the dural sack cross-sectional area in lumbar spine MRI. The proposed models achieve high-performance metrics in both the initial and external validation datasets, indicating their potential utility as valuable clinical tools for the evaluation of lumbar spine pathologies. Future studies with larger sample sizes and multicenter data are warranted to validate the generalizability of the model further and to explore the potential integration of this approach into routine clinical practice
Download or read book Atlas of Automated Percutaneous Lumbar Discectomy A P L D written by Antonio Solini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Percutaneous nuclectomy according to the Onik method is an avantgarde method used to remove the intervertebral disc by percutaneous access and with closed surgery. The instrumentation and the procedure are simple. The main feature is the smaller diameter of the probe (2mm) which fragments and aspires the small chips of pulpy nucleus. It reduces the risk of discitic infections (occurring in various percentages with all methods of percutaneous discectomy) because the hole in the anulus, being small, closes spontaneously after the probe is removed. Moreover postoperative acute lumbar pain has been reported to occur less frequently. This method is carried out under local anesthesia, with radioscopic and intraoperative discographic monitoring. By consulting this atlas orthopaedists, neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists may learn this method easily, because every detail is clearly presented and illustrated with a great number of coloured pictures.
Download or read book Algorithms for Automatic Localization Segmentation and Diagnosis of Lumbar Pathology written by Subarna Ghosh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lower back pain is widely prevalent in people all over the world and negatively affects the quality of life due to chronic pain and change in posture. According to the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) four out of five adults experience low back pain at some point during their lives. The National Center for Health Statistics shows that more than 30 million MRI exams are conducted annually in the US and half of them are spine-related. A matter of great concern is that, in the last decade there has been a severe shortage of radiologists and projections show that there will be a significant boom in the ratio of their demand and supply. A CAD (Computer- Aided Diagnosis) system to generate diagnostic results from clinical lumbar (lower back) MR and CT scans would not only reduce the burden on a radiologist, but also boost the confidence on a diagnosis. This motivates us to strive towards the development of a robust, accurate and fully automated system to localize the various tissues like the vertebra, inter-vertebral discs and the spinal cord in clinical lumbar scans. A complete localization and segmentation would eventually be used by an automatic diagnostic system to detect lumbar abnormalities like disc herniation without any human intervention. Towards that end, my doctoral dissertation proposal consists of two parts :1) Automatic Diagnosis of Lumbar Disorders : We propose algorithms for diagnosis of lumbar disorders using clinical CT and MRI scans. First, we present a fully automated method for robustly localizing and segmenting the lumbar vertebrae along with a method for diagnosis of wedge compression fracture from clinical lumbar CT. Second, we propose algorithms to circumvent the challenging issue of disc segmentation in MRI for disc herniation detection. Unlike past research, we present a localization method which combines supervised learning with heuristics to output a disc bounding box with enhanced localization accuracy. We also present feature ex- traction methods from the disc bounding boxes and report a performance comparison of individual and combined features for abnormal disc detection. Generally a radiologist detects an abnormality like disc herniation using the sagittal scans, and then makes use of the axial scans to localize and quantify, i.e. , to estimate the location and size of the lumbar pathology. With this in mind, we finally present encouraging results on the use of axial MRI slices for automatic diagnosis, which could be extended for localization and quantification of disc abnormalities. 2) Complete segmentation of lumbar MRI : We propose algorithms for complete segmentation of sagittal lumbar MRI using two approaches - first, is an atlas-based approach, while the second is an auto-context based approach, both of which intelligently utilizes neighborhood label information along with appearance information for complete MRI segmentation. In the near future, we plan to utilize these algorithms towards the development of a completely automated and robust system to diagnose, locate and quantify lumbar disc disorders.
Download or read book Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging written by Yunliang Cai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-31 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 7th International Workshop and Challenge on Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging, CSI 2019, which was held in conjunction with MICCAI on October 17, 2019, in Shenzhen, China. All submissions were accepted for publication; the book contains 5 peer-reviewed regular papers, covering topics of vertrebra detection, spine segmentation and image-based diagnosis, and 9 challenge papers, investigating (semi-)automatic spinal curvature estimation algorithms and providing a standard evaluation framework with a set of x-ray images.
Download or read book Spinal Disorders written by Norbert Boos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-24 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal disorders are among the most common medical conditions with significant impact on health related quality of life, use of health care resources and socio-economic costs. This is an easily readable teaching tool focusing on fundamentals and basic principles and provides a homogeneous syllabus with a consistent didactic strategy. The chosen didactic concept highlights and repeats core messages throughout the chapters. This textbook, with its appealing layout, will inspire and stimulate the reader for the study of spinal disorders.
Download or read book Image Analysis for the Diagnosis of MR Images of the Lumbar Spine written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Advances in Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging written by Jianhua Yao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-09 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the full papers presented at the MICCAI 2014 workshop on Computational Methods and Clinical Applications for Spine Imaging. The workshop brought together scientists and clinicians in the field of computational spine imaging. The chapters included in this book present and discuss the new advances and challenges in these fields, using several methods and techniques in order to address more efficiently different and timely applications involving signal and image acquisition, image processing and analysis, image segmentation, image registration and fusion, computer simulation, image based modeling, simulation and surgical planning, image guided robot assisted surgical and image based diagnosis. The book also includes papers and reports from the first challenge on vertebra segmentation held at the workshop.
Download or read book Automatic Lumbar Vertebrae Segmentation in Fluoroscopic Images Via Optimised Concurrent Hough Transform written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low back pain is a very common problem in the industrialized countries and its associated cost is enormous. Diagnosis of the underlying causes can be extremely difficult Many studies have focused on mechanical disorders of the spine. Digital videofluoroscopy (DVF) was widely used to obtain images for motion studies. This can provide motion sequences of the lumbar spine, but the images obtained often suffer due to noise, exacerbated by the very low radiation dosage. Thus determining vertebrae position within the image sequence presents a considerable challenge. In this paper, we show how our new approach can automatically detect the positions and borders of vertebrae concurrently, relieving many of the problems experienced in other approaches. First, we use phase congruency to relieve difficulty associated with threshold selection in edge detection of the illumination variant DVF images. Then, our new Hough transform approach is applied to determine the moving vertebrae, concurrently. We include optimization via a genetic algorithm as without it the extraction of moving multiple vertebrae is computationally daunting. Our results show that this new approach can indeed provide extractions of position and rotation which appear to be of sufficient quality to aid therapy and diagnosis of spinal disorders.
Download or read book Computer Aided Diagnosis of Intervertebral Disc Pathology in Lumbar Spine written by Raja'. Alomari and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lower back pain (LBP) is the second most common neurological ailment in the United States after the headache according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) [8]. Americans spend at least $50 billion each year on health care of people with LBP. There are over 11 million Americans who have some sort of Intervertebral Disc Disease (IDD) [8]. Intervertebral disc degeneration (e.g., desiccation and herniation) in the lumbar areais one of the most common diseases that cause LBP and sciatica, a common term for pain in legs consequent to irritation of the sciatic nerve [9, 10]. Neuroradiologists use clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for diagnosis of most of the lumbar area abnormalities and specifically the disc degenerative diseases. Clinical MRI usually comprises sagittal and axial T1- and T2-weighted co-registered protocols beside some other protocols to help the radiologists in decision-making.^They diagnose hundreds of cases each day that range from simple diseases to major life threatening diseases such as tumors. Thus, full or partial automation of the diagnosis process reduces the large burden on them and increases their effectiveness. Besides that, introducing reliable and robust full or partial diagnosis system reduces the inter-observer variability and increases the degree of confidence of the diagnosis. There are two main steps that the neuroradiologists follow during the work flow of diagnosis of lumbar area: 1) Detection and labeling of the discs (and /or the vertebrae), and 2) Diagnosis of each disc (and vertebra) level by specifying all possible abnormalities in thatdisc (and vertebra). The detection and labeling step is required only for one of the sagittal views because all provided protocols (T1- and T2-weighted for sagittal and axial views) are manually co-registered by the technician during the acquisition of the MRI.^However, the neuroradiologists identify all possible abnormalities at each disc level. They also identify vertebral bone disorders if there is a potential vertebral disorder and might recommend Computed Tomography(CT) scan for better visualization of the bone. In diagnosis, there are many pieces of information that the neuroradiologists utilize before making the decision such as age and height of the patient, history and type of pain. They also utilize the relative context of the discs and the vertebrae. In this dissertation, we propose machine learning-based solutions for diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disc degenerative diseases (IDD). We study clinical MRI from our collaborating neuroradiologists group and use their clinical diagnosis reports as our gold standard of the ground truth for diagnosis of each disc level in the lumbar area. We, initially, perform robust and automatic detection and labeling of the lumbar intervertebral discs from sagittal views.^We develop a probabilistic model for localization of the six discs in sagittal T2-weighted MRI for the lumbar area. In our model, we incorporate two levels of information: low- and high-level. In the low-level, we model the local pixel properties of discs, such as appearance. In the high-level, we capture the object-level geometrical and contextualrelationships between discs. We estimate the model parameters from manually labeled cases (supervised learning). Then we perform machine-learning based analysis at each localized disc for further diagnosis tasks. Our proposed model investigates degenerative abnormalities and allows the flexibility of adding features depending on the abnormality. It also allows incorporation of necessary domain knowledge about the patient to increase robustness, accuracy, and reliability of the diagnosis. We use a Gibbs distribution to model the features we use for detection of each specific disc abnormality as well as domain knowledge incorporation.^Gibbs distribution has been successfullyused in statistical analysis and we find it flexible for incorporation of various pieces of information required for various diagnosis tasks. We study abnormality detection in general as a preprocessing step for focusing only on abnormal discs for further analysis. In this step, we only specify abnormal discs regardless of the type of abnormality. We then study two popular clinical disc degenerative diseases, i.e., disc desiccation and herniation. We incorporate appearance and context of discs in studying disc desiccation because it mainly related to relative signal levels of the discs. In herniation detection, we jointly incorporate shape and appearance information as herniation has major role in shape changes. We report our results with suitable validation metrics depending on the problem we are investigating.
Download or read book The Intervertebral Disc written by Irving M. Shapiro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-02 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intervertebral disc is a complex structure that separates opposing vertebrae, permits a wide range of motion, and accommodates high biomechanical forces. Disc degeneration leads to a loss of function and is often associated with excruciating pain. Written by leading scientists and clinicians, the first part of the book provides a review of the basic biology of the disc in health and disease. The second part considers strategies to mitigate the effects of disc degeneration and discusses the possibility of engineering replacement tissues. The final section is devoted to approaches to model normal development and elucidate the pathogenesis of degenerative disc disease using animal, organ and cell culture techniques. The book bridges the gap between the basic and clinical sciences; the target audience includes basic scientists, orthopaedists and neurologists, while at the same time appealing to the needs of graduate students, medical students, interns and fellows.
Download or read book Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors written by Georges Fischer and published by Thieme. This book was released on 1996 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is the first book in 30 years to cover all diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of intramedullary spinal cord tumors (IMTs), a relatively rare but often misdiagnosed type of tumor. You will benefit from the largest personal collection of operated cases (171) ever assembled, as well as a review of 1,100 additional cases, making this the single most comprehensive book on IMTs available today. You will also appreciate the vital role of MRI in accurately diagnosing these tumors and review the latest technical refinements in surgical methods. Divided into three parts, the book begins with the diagnostic and therapeutic problems common to all intramedullary spinal cord tumors, then covers the histology of individual tumors, and finally examines the controversial value of radiotherapy in the treatment of both benign and malignant tumors in children and adults. Throughout, full-color illustrations depict anatomy from a surgical point of view.
Download or read book Image Analysis and Recognition written by Fakhri Karray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, ICIAR 2017, held in Montreal, QC, Canada, in July 2017. The 73 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 133 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: machine learning in image recognition; machine learning for medical image computing; image enhancement and reconstruction; image segmentation; motion and tracking; 3D computer vision; feature extraction; detection and classification; biomedical image analysis; image analysis in ophthalmology; remote sensing; applications.
Download or read book The Lumbar Spine written by Robin A. McKenzie and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurobrucellosis written by Mehmet Turgut and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-18 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth review of knowledge of neurobrucellosis, which remains common despite significant improvements in preventive measures, neuroradiological techniques, and treatment methods. The chapters are organized into five sections, the first three of which address cranial and intracranial brucellosis, spinal brucellosis, and brucellosis of the peripheral portions of the nervous system. The fourth section focuses on laboratory studies in neurobrucellosis, and the closing section is devoted to therapy, encompassing both medical approaches and the surgical procedures used to treat the complications associated with brucellosis involving the spine, brain, and peripheral nerves. Despite the impressive efforts to eradicate the disease, brucellosis still poses a great threat in the Mediterranean Basin, where it originated, as well as in South and Central America, the Caribbean, and Africa. Written and edited by leading international authorities in the field, this comprehensive book will be an ideal up-to-date reference for neurosurgeons, neurologists, and specialists in infectious disease who are seeking either basic or more advanced information on the disease and its diagnosis and treatment.
Download or read book Solving Polynomial Equations written by Alicia Dickenstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-04-27 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a general introduction to modern mathematical aspects in computing with multivariate polynomials and in solving algebraic systems. It presents the state of the art in several symbolic, numeric, and symbolic-numeric techniques, including effective and algorithmic methods in algebraic geometry and computational algebra, complexity issues, and applications ranging from statistics and geometric modelling to robotics and vision. Graduate students, as well as researchers in related areas, will find an excellent introduction to currently interesting topics. These cover Groebner and border bases, multivariate resultants, residues, primary decomposition, multivariate polynomial factorization, homotopy continuation, complexity issues, and their applications.
Download or read book Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention MICCAI 2012 written by Nicholas Ayache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three-volume set LNCS 7510, 7511, and 7512 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2012, held in Nice, France, in October 2012. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the program committee carefully selected 252 revised papers from 781 submissions for presentation in three volumes. The third volume includes 79 papers organized in topical sections on diffusion imaging: from acquisition to tractography; image acquisition, segmentation and recognition; image registration; neuroimage analysis; analysis of microscopic and optical images; image segmentation; diffusion weighted imaging; computer-aided diagnosis and planning; and microscopic image analysis.
