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Book Paper Machines

Download or read book Paper Machines written by Markus Krajewski and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-08-19 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the card catalog—a “paper machine” with rearrangeable elements—can be regarded as a precursor of the computer. Today on almost every desk in every office sits a computer. Eighty years ago, desktops were equipped with a nonelectronic data processing machine: a card file. In Paper Machines, Markus Krajewski traces the evolution of this proto-computer of rearrangeable parts (file cards) that became ubiquitous in offices between the world wars. The story begins with Konrad Gessner, a sixteenth-century Swiss polymath who described a new method of processing data: to cut up a sheet of handwritten notes into slips of paper, with one fact or topic per slip, and arrange as desired. In the late eighteenth century, the card catalog became the librarian's answer to the threat of information overload. Then, at the turn of the twentieth century, business adopted the technology of the card catalog as a bookkeeping tool. Krajewski explores this conceptual development and casts the card file as a “universal paper machine” that accomplishes the basic operations of Turing's universal discrete machine: storing, processing, and transferring data. In telling his story, Krajewski takes the reader on a number of illuminating detours, telling us, for example, that the card catalog and the numbered street address emerged at the same time in the same city (Vienna), and that Harvard University's home-grown cataloging system grew out of a librarian's laziness; and that Melvil Dewey (originator of the Dewey Decimal System) helped bring about the technology transfer of card files to business.

Book The new world of words    c

Download or read book The new world of words c written by Edward Phillips and published by . This book was released on 1720 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Index catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General s Office  United States Army

Download or read book Index catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General s Office United States Army written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Index catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General s Office  United States Army

Download or read book Index catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon General s Office United States Army written by Library of the Surgeon-General's Office (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Collection of incunabula and early medical prints in the library of the Surgeon-general's office, U.S. Army": Ser. 3, v. 10, p. 1415-1436.

Book Hans Staden s True History

Download or read book Hans Staden s True History written by Hans Staden and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-16 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1550 the German adventurer Hans Staden was serving as a gunner in a Portuguese fort on the Brazilian coast. While out hunting, he was captured by the Tupinambá, an indigenous people who had a reputation for engaging in ritual cannibalism and who, as allies of the French, were hostile to the Portuguese. Staden’s True History, first published in Germany in 1557, tells the story of his nine months among the Tupi Indians. It is a dramatic first-person account of his capture, captivity, and eventual escape. Staden’s narrative is a foundational text in the history and European “discovery” of Brazil, the earliest European account of the Tupi Indians, and a touchstone in the debates on cannibalism. Yet the last English-language edition of Staden’s True History was published in 1929. This new critical edition features a new translation from the sixteenth-century German along with annotations and an extensive introduction. It restores to the text the fifty-six woodcut illustrations of Staden’s adventures and final escape that appeared in the original 1557 edition. In the introduction, Neil L. Whitehead discusses the circumstances surrounding the production of Staden’s narrative and its ethnological significance, paying particular attention to contemporary debates about cannibalism. Whitehead illuminates the value of Staden’s True History as an eyewitness account of Tupi society on the eve before its collapse, of ritual war and sacrifice among Native peoples, and of colonial rivalries in the region of Rio de Janeiro. He chronicles the history of the various editions of Staden’s narrative and their reception from 1557 until the present. Staden’s work continues to engage a wide range of readers, not least within Brazil, where it has recently been the subject of two films and a graphic novel.

Book The Early Cartography of the Pacific

Download or read book The Early Cartography of the Pacific written by Lawrence Counselman Wroth and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Index Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon general s Office  United States Army   United States Army  Army Medical Library   National Library of Medicine

Download or read book Index Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon general s Office United States Army United States Army Army Medical Library National Library of Medicine written by Library of the Surgeon-General's Office (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1896 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Journal of comparative zoology

Download or read book Journal of comparative zoology written by Julius Victor Carus and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 1038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Conquest and the Law in Swedish Livonia  ca  1630   1710

Download or read book Conquest and the Law in Swedish Livonia ca 1630 1710 written by Heikki Pihlajamäki and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Conquest and the Law in Swedish Livonia (ca. 1630-1710), Heikki Pihlajamäki offers an exciting account of the law in seventeenth-century Livonia, conquered by Sweden. The volume demonstrates how the differences in legal cultures affected the Livonian judiciary and legal procedure in the region.

Book Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur

Download or read book Aramaic Incantation Texts from Nippur written by James Alan Montgomery and published by University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology & Anthropology. This book was released on 1913 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.

Book The True History of His Captivity  1557

Download or read book The True History of His Captivity 1557 written by Hans Staden and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first part of the book is a straightforward account of the author's personal experiences. The second part is a detailed treatise on the customs of the Tupinambà, their polity, trade, religion, manufactures and warlike undertakings.

Book Report of the Librarian of Congress

Download or read book Report of the Librarian of Congress written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Zoologischer Anzeiger

Download or read book Zoologischer Anzeiger written by and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 1110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book German Military Abbreviations

Download or read book German Military Abbreviations written by and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Perhaps to a greater extent than any other army, the German Armed Forces employ military abbreviations on their maps and charts, on task force tables of organization, on direction and location sign posts in combat zones, on field orders, and, in short, in every case where abbreviations may possibly be used. These abbreviations are often used in connection with military symbols (see German Military Symbols, January 1943, Military Intelligence Service). A thorough knowledge of both abbreviations and symbols is therefore essential to military personnel engaged in the interpretation of captured documents."--Page 1.

Book Nation building and Identity Conflicts

Download or read book Nation building and Identity Conflicts written by Ariel Hernandez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending identity conflicts through negotiated agreements is an intractable process that is embedded complexly in the nation-building process. Ariel Hernandez looks on the complexity of the nation-building process in the Philippines and how its social and political context constrains the achievement of a peace agreement that would withhold new challenges as the process unfolds. Mediation as one of the possible modes of intervention to resolve identity conflicts is taken as the self-evident instrument to end the 40 year old conflict between the Filipino society at large and the Bangsamoro. The analysis confirms that mediation and other types of intervention are contributing to the intractability of identity conflicts by bringing in further complexities in the negotiation process. The conceptualization of “stumbling blocks” may provide knowledge based resources to develop strategies to “facilitate” the mediation process that allows negotiating parties to cope with the complexity of the bargaining table.

Book Rembrandt and His Critics 1630   1730

Download or read book Rembrandt and His Critics 1630 1730 written by Seymour Slive and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My greatest debt in the writing of this book is to my teacher Dr. Ulrich Middeldorf, who taught me the methodology of research in art history, and who guided my studies of art theory and criticism. This study, which in an earlier form was accepted as a doctoral dissertation by the University of Chicago, was begun under Dr. Middeldorf's guidance, and during all stages of its preparation I benefited from his invaluable suggestions and criticism. A United States Government Grant enabled me to complete my researches on Rembrandt in the Netherlands, where I studied at the Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht with Dr. J.G. van Gelder, who was particularly generous with his knowledge and time. He read the manuscript and proofs, and offered numerous suggestions and additions which have been of great benefit to me. Special acknowledgement is made to the Kunsthistorisch lnstituut der Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht for generously finding a place for this study in the Utrechtse Bij dragen tot de Kunstgeschiedenis. I am also much indebted to Dr. H. Schulte Nordholt of the Kunsthistorisch lnstituut for his valuable advice and his help inseeing the book through the press.