Download or read book Atomic X ray Production by Relativistic Heavy Ions Cross Sections K and L Shells Ionization 3 and 4 88 GEV Holes written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of heavy ion projectiles with the electrons of target atoms gives rise to the production, in the target, of K-, L- or higher shell vacancies which are in turn followed by the emission of characteristic x-rays. The calculation of the theoretical value of the K- and L-shells vacancy production cross section was carried out for heavy ion projectiles of any energy. The transverse component of the cross section is calculated for the first time in detail and extensive tables of its numerical value as a function of its parameters are also given. Experimental work for 4.88 GeV protons and 3 GeV carbon ions is described. The K vacancy cross section has been measured for a variety of targets from Ti to U. The agreement between the theoretical predictions and experimental results for the 4.88 GeV protons is rather satisfactory. For the 3 GeV carbon ions, however, it is observed that the deviation of the theoretical and experimental values of the K vacancy production becomes larger with the heavier target element. Consequently, the simple scaling law of Z12 for the cross section of the heavy ion with atomic number Z1 to the proton cross section is not true, for the K-shell at least. A dependence on the atomic number Z2 of the target of the form (Z1 - cap alpha. Z2)2, instead of Z12, is found to give extremely good agreement between theory and experiment. Although the exact physical meaning of such dependence is not yet clearly understood, it is believed to be indicative of some sort of screening effect of the incoming fast projectile by the fast moving in Bohr orbits K-shell electrons of the target. The enhancement of the K-shell ionization cross section by relativistic heavy ions on heavy targets is also discussed in terms of its practical applications in various branches of science and technology.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index Mathematics Statistics Physics A E written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book L Shell Ionisation and X ray Production Cross Section Measurements for Asymmetric Ion atom Collisions written by R. S. Sokhi and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics written by Jerzy Bartke and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2009 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book attempts to cover the fascinating field of physics of relativistic heavy ions, mainly from the experimentalist's point of view. After the introductory chapter on quantum chromodynamics, basic properties of atomic nuclei, sources of relativistic nuclei, and typical detector set-ups are described in three subsequent chapters. Experimental facts on collisions of relativistic heavy ions are systematically presented in 15 consecutive chapters, starting from the simplest features like cross sections, multiplicities, and spectra of secondary particles and going to more involved characteristics like correlations, various relatively rare processes, and newly discovered features: collective flow, high pT suppression and jet quenching. Some entirely new topics are included, such as the difference between neutron and proton radii in nuclei, heavy hypernuclei, and electromagnetic effects on secondary particle spectra.Phenomenological approaches and related simple models are discussed in parallel with the presentation of experimental data. Near the end of the book, recent ideas about the new state of matter created in collisions of ultrarelativistic nuclei are discussed. In the final chapter, some predictions are given for nuclear collisions in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), now in construction at the site of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva. Finally, the appendix gives us basic notions of relativistic kinematics, and lists the main international conferences related to this field. A concise reference book on physics of relativistic heavy ions, it shows the present status of this field.
Download or read book INIS Atomindeks written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 924 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calculated K L and M shell X ray Line Intensities for Light Ion Impact on Selected Targets from Z written by Jagoda Crawford and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition a program, wexplore, had been written to carry out Gaussian fits to experimental K, L and M X-ray spectra to better determine L and M X-ray production subshell cross sections for light ion bombardment. A section on the use of this wexplore program is also included in this report.
Download or read book Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry written by Bretislav Friedrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.
Download or read book X ray and Inner shell Processes written by P. Lagarde and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multiple Inner Shell Vacancy and Rearrangement Effects on K and L shell X rays Produced in Heavy Ion atom Collisions written by John A. Tanis and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characteristic k x ray production in heavy ion atom collisions in solids written by W. N. Lennard and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implications of Heavy ion induced Satellite X ray Emission II Production of K and L X Rays by 0 9 to 2 6 MeV written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross sections are reported for x-ray production in targets of 23V, 29Cu, 41Nb, 73Ta, and 78Pt by 4°Ar ions of 36.0, 56.4, 76.6, and 103 MeV. Because the targets were relatively thick, approx. 1 mg/cm2, the data were corrected, using a novel approach, for projectile energy loss and x-ray attenuation in the targets. The cross sections so analyzed are compared with the predictions of the first Born approximation as well as with those of a more extensive treatment which includes energy loss, Coulomb deflection, perturbed stationary-state, and relativistic effects. The significant discrepancies between the data and this latter theory are atrributed primarily to the influence of multiple ionization on the x-ray emission probabilities.
Download or read book Monte Carlo Transport of Electrons and Photons written by T.M. Jenkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For ten days at the end of September, 1987, a group of about 75 scientists from 21 different countries gathered in a restored monastery on a 750 meter high piece of rock jutting out of the Mediterranean Sea to discuss the simulation of the transport of electrons and photons using Monte Carlo techniques. When we first had the idea for this meeting, Ralph Nelson, who had organized a previous course at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, suggested that Erice would be the ideal place for such a meeting. Nahum, Nelson and Rogers became Co-Directors of the Course, with the help of Alessandro Rindi, the Director of the School of Radiation Damage and Protection, and Professor Antonino Zichichi, Director of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre. The course was an outstanding success, both scientifically and socially, and those at the meeting will carry the marks of having attended, both intellectually and on a personal level where many friendships were made. The scientific content of the course was at a very high caliber, both because of the hard work done by all the lecturers in preparing their lectures (e. g. , complete copies of each lecture were available at the beginning of the course) and because of the high quality of the "students", many of whom were accomplished experts in the field. The outstanding facilities of the Centre contributed greatly to the success. This volume contains the formal record of the course lectures.
Download or read book Spectroscopic Investigations of Highly Charged Ions Using X Ray Calorimeter Spectrometers written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopy of K-shell transitions in highly charged heavy ions, like hydrogen-like uranium, has the potential to yield information about quantum electrodynamics (QED) in extremely strong nuclear fields as well as tests of the standard model, specifically parity violation in atomic systems. These measurements would represent the 'holy grail' in high-Z atomic spectroscopy. However, the current state-of-the-art detection schemes used for recording the K-shell spectra from highly charged heavy ions does not yet have the resolving power to be able to attain this goal. As such, to push the field of high-Z spectroscopy forward, new detectors must be found. Recently, x-ray calorimeter spectrometers have been developed that promise to make such measurements. In an effort to make the first steps towards attaining the 'holy grail', measurements have been performed with two x-ray calorimeter spectrometers (the XRS/EBIT and the ECS) designed and built at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MD. The calorimeter spectrometers have been used to record the K-shell spectra of highly charged ions produced in the SuperEBIT electron beam ion trap at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, CA. Measurements performed with the XRS/EBIT calorimeter array found that the theoretical description of well-above threshold electron-impact excitation cross sections for hydrogen-like iron and nickel ions are correct. Furthermore, the first high-resolution spectrum of hydrogen-like through carbon-like praseodymium ions was recorded with a calorimeter. In addition, the new high-energy array on the EBIT Calorimeter Spectrometer (ECS) was used to resolve the K-shell x-ray emission spectrum of highly charged xenon ions, where a 40 ppm measurement of the energy of the K-shell resonance transition in helium-like xenon was achieved. This is the highest precision result, ever, for an element with such high atomic number. In addition, a first-of-its-kind measurement of the effect of the generalized Breit interaction (GBI) on electron-impact excitation cross sections was performed. This measurement found that for theoretical electron-impact excitation cross sections to fit with experimental data the GBI needs to be taken into account.
Download or read book Aluminum K X ray Production and Electron Transfer Cross Sections for Oxygen Nitrogen and Flourine Ions from 0 6 to 2 2 MEV AMU written by Glenn S. Gealy and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
