Download or read book ATOM OPTICS CORE ELECTRONS AND THE VAN DER WAALS POTENTIAL written by Vincent P. A. Lonij and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes new measurements of the van der Waals (vdW) potential energy for atoms near a surface. The measurements presented here were accomplished by studying diffraction a beam of atoms transmitted through a nanograting. I will describe how we improved precision by a factor of 10 over previous diffraction measurements by studying how different types of atoms interact with the same surface. As a result of this new precision, we were able to show for the first time the contribution of atomic core electrons to the atom-surface potential, and experimentally test different atomic structure calculation methods. In addition, this dissertation will describe how changing the width of the grating bars to achieve a particular "magic" grating bar width or rotating a grating to a particular "magic" angle allows us to determine both the atom-surface potential strength and the geometry of the grating. This represents an improvement over several recent studies where uncertainties in the nanograting geometry limited precision in the measurements of the vdW potential. For a complementary measurement, also discussed in this dissertation, we collaborated with the Vigué group in Toulouse, France. In this collaboration we used an atom interferometer to measure the phase shift due to transmission through a nanograting. By combining diffraction data from Tucson with interferometry data from Toulouse we improved the precision of interferometry measurements of the atom-surface potential of a single atomic species by almost a factor of 10 over previous interferometric measurements of the vdW potential. These interferometry measurements also serve to measure the shape of the vdW potential and set a limit on non-Newtonian gravitational interactions at 1-2 nm length scales. Finally, this dissertation will discuss how nanogratings with optimized geometry can improve atom interferometers, for example, with blazed gratings. We discuss next generation atom-surface potential measurements and examine new ways of analyzing diffraction data.
Download or read book Molecular Beams in Physics and Chemistry written by Bretislav Friedrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-19 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book gives a comprehensive account of both the history and current achievements of molecular beam research. In 1919, Otto Stern launched the revolutionary molecular beam technique. This technique made it possible to send atoms and molecules with well-defined momentum through vacuum and to measure with high accuracy the deflections they underwent when acted upon by transversal forces. These measurements revealed unforeseen quantum properties of nuclei, atoms, and molecules that became the basis for our current understanding of quantum matter. This volume shows that many key areas of modern physics and chemistry owe their beginnings to the seminal molecular beam work of Otto Stern and his school. Written by internationally recognized experts, the contributions in this volume will help experienced researchers and incoming graduate students alike to keep abreast of current developments in molecular beam research as well as to appreciate the history and evolution of this powerful method and the knowledge it reveals.
Download or read book Atoms Molecules and Optical Physics 1 written by Ingolf V. Hertel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first volume of textbooks on atomic, molecular and optical physics, aiming at a comprehensive presentation of this highly productive branch of modern physics as an indispensable basis for many areas in physics and chemistry as well as in state of the art bio- and material-sciences. It primarily addresses advanced students (including PhD students), but in a number of selected subject areas the reader is lead up to the frontiers of present research. Thus even the active scientist is addressed. This volume 1 provides the canonical knowledge in atomic physics together with basics of modern spectroscopy. Starting from the fundamentals of quantum physics, the reader is familiarized in well structured chapters step by step with the most important phenomena, models and measuring techniques. The emphasis is always on the experiment and its interpretation, while the necessary theory is introduced from this perspective in a compact and occasionally somewhat heuristic manner, easy to follow even for beginners.
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics written by Gordon W. F. Drake and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-09 with total page 1436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprises a comprehensive reference source that unifies the entire fields of atomic molecular and optical (AMO) physics, assembling the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field. 92 chapters written by about 120 authors present the principal ideas, techniques and results of the field, together with a guide to the primary research literature (carefully edited to ensure a uniform coverage and style, with extensive cross-references). Along with a summary of key ideas, techniques, and results, many chapters offer diagrams of apparatus, graphs, and tables of data. From atomic spectroscopy to applications in comets, one finds contributions from over 100 authors, all leaders in their respective disciplines. Substantially updated and expanded since the original 1996 edition, it now contains several entirely new chapters covering current areas of great research interest that barely existed in 1996, such as Bose-Einstein condensation, quantum information, and cosmological variations of the fundamental constants. A fully-searchable CD- ROM version of the contents accompanies the handbook.
Download or read book Quantum Optics of Confined Systems written by M. Ducloy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few years it was seen the emergence of various new quantum phenomena specifically related with electronic or optical confinement on a sub-wavelength-size. Fast developments simultaneously occurred in the field of Atomic Physics, notably through various regimes of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics, and in Solid State Physics, with advances in Quantum Well technology and Nanooptoelectronics. Simultaneously, breakthroughs in Near-Field Optics provided new tools which should be widely applicable to these domains. However, the key concepts used to describe these new and partly related effects are often very different and specific of the Community involved in a given development. It has been the ambition of the Meeting held at "Centre de Physique des Houches" to give an opportunity to specialists of different Communities to deepen their understanding of advances more or less intimately related to their own field, while presenting the basic concepts of these different fields through pedagogical Introductions. The audience comprised advanced students, postdocs and senior scientists, with a balanced participation of Atomic Physicists and Solid State Physicists, and had a truly international character. The considerable efforts of the lecturers, in order to present exciting new results in a language accessible to the whole audience, were the essential ingredients to achieve successfully what was the main goal of this School.
Download or read book Advances in Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics continues the tradition of the Advances series. It contains contributions from experts in the field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) physics. The articles contain some review material, but are intended to provide a comprehensive picture of recent important developments in AMO physics. Both theoretical and experimental articles are included in the volume. - International experts - Comprehensive articles - New developments
Download or read book Handbook of Optoelectronics Two Volume Set written by John P. Dakin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-12 with total page 1616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A field as diverse as optoelectronics needs a reference that is equally versatile. From basic physics and light sources to devices and state-of-the-art applications, the Handbook of Optoelectronics provides comprehensive, self-contained coverage of fundamental concepts and practical applications across the entire spectrum of disciplines encompassed by optoelectronics. The handbook unifies a broad array of current research areas with a forward-looking focus on systems and applications. Beginning with an introduction to the relevant principles of physics, materials science, engineering, and optics, the book explores the details of optoelectronic devices and techniques including semiconductor lasers, optical detectors and receivers, optical fiber devices, modulators, amplifiers, integrated optics, LEDs, and engineered optical materials. Applications and systems then become the focus, with sections devoted to industrial, medical, and commercial applications, communications, imaging and displays, sensing and data processing, spectroscopic analysis, the art of practical optoelectronics, and future prospects. This extensive resource comprises the efforts of more than 70 world-renowned experts from leading industrial and academic institutions around the world and includes many references to contemporary works. Whether used as a field reference, as a research tool, or as a broad and self-contained introduction to the field, the Handbook of Optoelectronics places everything you need in a unified, conveniently organized format.
Download or read book Physics of Clusters and Nanophase Materials written by M. S. Multani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These issues represent a compendium of review papers covering almost every aspect of the physics of clusters and nanophase materials. Papers have been written by leading international experts in the field. The purpose of this compendium has been to illustrate, in more detail than is possible in a conference paper, the fundamental or underlying principles.
Download or read book Frontiers of Optical Spectroscopy written by Baldassare Di Bartolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 765 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced spectroscopic techniques allow the probing of very small systems and very fast phenomena, conditions that can be considered "extreme" at the present status of our experimentation and knowledge. Quantum dots, nanocrystals and single molecules are examples of the former and events on the femtosecond scale examples of the latter. The purpose of this book is to examine the realm of phenomena of such extreme type and the techniques that permit their investigations. Each author has developed a coherent section of the program starting at a somewhat fundamental level and ultimately reaching the frontier of knowledge in the field in a systematic and didactic fashion. The formal lectures are complemented by additional seminars.
Download or read book Using Atom Optics to Measure Van Der Waals Atom Surface Interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atom-surface interactions are becoming an integral part of the field of atom optics. Here the role of van der Waals atom-surface interactions in atom wave diffraction and interferometry are investigated. In particular, it is shown that van der Waals interactions influence the intensity and phase of atomic diffraction patterns obtained from material gratings. As a result the atomic diffraction patterns are utilized to make an accurate determination of the interaction strength and verify the spatial variation of the atom-surface potential. A theory for describing the modified atom wave diffraction patterns is developed through an analogy with optical waves. An atom interferometer is used to directly measure the de Broglie wave phase shift induced by atom-surface interactions. More specifically, the phases of the zeroth, first, and second diffraction orders are measured. A proposal for using electromagnetic fields to modify the van der Waals interaction is put forth. Several of the important experimental components for observing such an effect are also demonstrated.
Download or read book Atom Optics written by Pierre Meystre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-09-21 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanics does away with the distinction between particles and waves, and one of the more interesting implications of the wave/particle duality - the discovery that atoms may be manipulated in ways analogous to the manipulation of light with lenses and mirrors - has formed the basis for the relatively new field of atom optics. Pierre Meystre's Atom Optics is the first book entirely devoted to this exciting area of research. Reference links to the leading journals in the field, links to research sites, graphics, and updates can be found online.
Download or read book 21st Century Nanoscience A Handbook written by Klaus D. Sattler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This up-to-date reference is the most comprehensive summary of the field of nanoscience and its applications. It begins with fundamental properties at the nanoscale and then goes well beyond into the practical aspects of the design, synthesis, and use of nanomaterials in various industries. It emphasizes the vast strides made in the field over the past decade – the chapters focus on new, promising directions as well as emerging theoretical and experimental methods. The contents incorporate experimental data and graphs where appropriate, as well as supporting tables and figures with a tutorial approach.
Download or read book Theory of Electron Atom Collisions written by Philip G. Burke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors aim to hone the theory of electron-atom and electron-ion collisions by developing mathematical equations and comparing their results to the wealth of recent experimental data. This first of three parts focuses on potential scattering, and will serve as an introduction to many of the concepts covered in Parts II and III. As these processes occur in so many of the physical sciences, researchers in astrophysics, atmospheric physics, plasma physics, and laser physics will all benefit from the monograph.
Download or read book Condensed Matter Theories written by Heidi Reinholz and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2007 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation. This series on Condensed Matter Theories provides a forum for advanced theoretical research in quantum many-body theory. The contributions are highly interdisciplinary, emphasizing common concerns among theorists applying many-particle methods in such diverse areas as solid-state, low-temperature, statistical, nuclear, particle, and biological physics, as well as in quantum field theory, quantum information and the theory of complex systems. The book is a comprehensive collection of many significant topics in the field of condensed matter theories. Each individual contribution is preceded by an extended introduction to the topic treated. Details not normally presented in journal articles can be found in this volume.
Download or read book Physics of Atoms and Ions written by Boris M. Smirnov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-01-27 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended for advanced students of physics, chemistry and related disciplines, this text treats the quantum theory of atoms and ions within the framework of self-consistent fields. Data needed for the analysis of collisions and other atomic processes are also included.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Microfabrication and Nanotechnology Three Volume Set written by Marc J. Madou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 1992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, Fundamentals of Microfabrication and Nanotechnology continues to provide the most complete MEMS coverage available. Thoroughly revised and updated the new edition of this perennial bestseller has been expanded to three volumes, reflecting the substantial growth of this field. It includes a wealth of theoretical and practical information on nanotechnology and NEMS and offers background and comprehensive information on materials, processes, and manufacturing options. The first volume offers a rigorous theoretical treatment of micro- and nanosciences, and includes sections on solid-state physics, quantum mechanics, crystallography, and fluidics. The second volume presents a very large set of manufacturing techniques for micro- and nanofabrication and covers different forms of lithography, material removal processes, and additive technologies. The third volume focuses on manufacturing techniques and applications of Bio-MEMS and Bio-NEMS. Illustrated in color throughout, this seminal work is a cogent instructional text, providing classroom and self-learners with worked-out examples and end-of-chapter problems. The author characterizes and defines major research areas and illustrates them with examples pulled from the most recent literature and from his own work.
