Download or read book Atmospheric Traces Monitoring Using Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy written by Bernhard Koch and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy written by Giel Berden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-08-11 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy: Techniques and Applications provides a practical overview of this valuable analytical tool, explaining the fundamental concepts and experimental methods, and illustrating important applications. Designed as both an introductory text and a reference source, this book is relevant for scientists unfamiliar with CRDS who are interested in using the technique in their research, as well as experienced users.
Download or read book Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere written by Weidong Chen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge technologies and monitoring applications. Concepts are illustrated by numerous examples with information on spectroscopic techniques and applications widely distributed throughout the text. This information is important for researchers to gain an overview of recent developments in the field and make informed selections among the most suitable techniques. This volume also provides information that will allow researchers to explore implementing and developing new diagnostic tools or new approaches for trace gas and aerosol sensing themselves. Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere covers advanced and newly emerging spectroscopic techniques for optical metrology of gases and particles in the atmosphere. This book will be a valuable reference for atmospheric scientists, including those whose focus is applying the methods to atmospheric studies, and those who develop instrumentation. It will also serve as a useful introduction to researchers entering the field and provide relevant examples to researchers and students developing and applying optical sensors for a variety of other scientific, technical, and industrial uses. Overview of new applications including remote sensing by UAV, laser heterodyne radiometry, dual comb spectroscopy, and more Features in-situ observations and measurements for real-world data Includes content on leading edge optical sensors
Download or read book The Development of Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy as a Sensitive Continuous Emission Monitor for Metals written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this study is to evaluate cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) as an ultrasensitive technique for trace analysis of metals. Potential applications of CRDS to meet stated Department of Energy needs include: Mercury Continuous Emission Monitor Multi-Metal Emissions Monitor Radionuclide Detector and Monitor A full description of the technique can be found in Ref. 1. Briefly, CRDS is based upon the measurement of the rate of light absorption in a closed optical cavity. PMT Cavity Mirror Sample Cavity Mirror Laser Pulse A laser pulse is injected into a stable optical cavity through one of the cavity mirrors. This light pulse is trapped between the mirror surfaces and decays exponentially over time at a rate determined by the round trip losses within the cavity. When used for trace analysis, the primary loss mechanisms governing the decay time are mirror reflectivity losses, atomic absorption from the sample, and Rayleigh scattering from air in the cavity. The decay time is given by t = d c 1- R () +als + bd (1) where d is the cavity length, R is the reflectivity of the cavity mirrors, a is the familiar Beer's Law absorption coefficient of a sample in the cavity, ls is the length of the optical path through the sample (i.e., approximately the graphite furnace length), b is the wavelength-dependent Rayleigh scattering attenuation coefficient, and c is the speed of light. Thus, variations in a caused by changes in the sample concentration are reflected in the ringdown time. As the sample concentration increases (i.e., a increases), the ringdown time decreases yielding an absolute measurement for a. With the use of suitable mirrors, it is possible to achieve thousands of passes through the sample. This results in an effective path length reaching into the kilometers and a corresponding increase in sensitivity. An additional benefit is that it is not subject to collisional 2 quenching and the branching that occur in techniques such as laser-excited atomic fluorescence (LEAFS).
Download or read book Atmospheric Applications of Broadband Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy written by Alexander James Leonard Shillings and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements written by Thomas Foken and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 1761 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians.
Download or read book The Chemistry of Nitrate Radical NO3 and Dinitrogen Pentoxide N2O5 in Beijing written by Haichao Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-31 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically describes the instrument setup for the measurement of nitrate radical (NO3) and dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), as well as the mixing ratio, chemical behaviors, and atmospheric impacts of NO3 and N2O5 in Beijing, China. It also discusses the instrument design and data analysis method in detail. Based on several field measurements of NO3 and N2O5 in Beijing, it shows the variation in concentration and the budget of NO3 and N2O5. The N2O5 heterogeneous uptake coefficient was determined using various methods, and the relationship between the N2O5 uptake coefficient and the particle properties was demonstrated, as well as the impact of NO3–N2O5 chemistry to the atmospheric oxidation and the formation of particulate nitrate. These results increase our understanding of nighttime chemistry and provide insights into the role of NO3–N2O5 chemistry in other polluted regions.
Download or read book Spectroscopy of the Atmospheres written by Rafael Escribano Torres (ed.) and published by Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los investigadores Rafael Escribano e Isabel Tanarro cuentan con una larga experiencia en espectroscopia molecular y física del plasma, y se han centrado durante los últimos quince años en el estudio de sistemas de relevancia atmosférica y astrofísica. En este libro, presentan una serie de contribuciones de otros renombrados colegas a cerca de la atmósfera, la espectroscopia y la astronomía, la metodología y la descripción de técnicas empleadas en estos campos, así como los resultados actualizados de sus propias investigaciones. Esta obra incluye en definitiva algunos temas de gran interés tanto para la comunidad científica como para el público en general, como las recientes misiones espaciales a cometas, sucesos luminosos espectaculares en la alta atmósfera, o la controvertida cuestión del calentamiento global y el cambio climático.
Download or read book Cavity ringdown Spectroscopy written by Kenneth W. Busch and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavity-ringdown spectroscopy is an emerging method for making high sensitivity absorption measurements with gas-phase samples. This volume, the first devoted to the method, covers the history, theory, and numerous applications. Written by leaders in the field, it is a comprehensive guide to current methods and ongoing research.
Download or read book Advances in Spectroscopy Molecules to Materials written by Dheeraj Kumar Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and discusses recent developments in the broad field of spectroscopy, providing the reader with an updated overview. The main objective is to introduce them to recent innovations and current trends in spectroscopy applied to molecules and materials. The book also brings together experimentalists and theoreticians to highlight the multidimensional aspects of spectroscopy and discuss the latest issues. Accordingly, it provides insights not only into the general goals of spectroscopy, but also into how the various spectroscopic techniques represent a toolbox that can be used to gain a more detailed understanding of molecular systems and complex chemical problems. Besides technical aspects, basic theoretical interpretations of spectroscopic results are also presented. The spectroscopy techniques discussed include UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, IR absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and time-resolved spectroscopy. In turn, basic tools like lasers and theoretical modeling approaches are also presented. Lastly, applications for the characterization of fundamental properties of molecules (environmental aspects, biomolecules, pharmaceutical drugs, hazardous molecules, etc.) and materials (nanomaterials, nuclear chemistry materials, biomaterials, etc.) are discussed. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers from various branches of science, and presents new techniques that can be applied to their specific problems.
Download or read book Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy written by V.P. Gupta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy, Advances and Applications: Volume 2 gives students and researchers an up-to-date understanding of the fast-developing area of molecular and laser spectroscopy. This book covers basic principles and advances in several conventional as well as new and upcoming areas of molecular and laser spectroscopy, such as a wide range of applications in medical science, material science, standoff detection, defence and security, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, and environmental science. It covers the latest advancements, both in terms of techniques and applications, and highlights future projections. Editors V.P. Gupta and Yukihiro Ozaki have brought together eminent scientists in different areas of spectroscopy to develop specialized topics in conventional molecular spectroscopy (Cavity ringdown, Matrix Isolation, Intense THz, Far- and Deep- UV, Optogalvanic ), linear and nonlinear laser spectroscopy (Rayleigh & Raman Scattering), Ultrafast Time-resolved spectroscopy, and medical applications of molecular spectroscopy. and advanced material found in research articles. This new volume expands upon the topics covered in the first volume for scientists to learn the latest techniques and put them to practical use in their work. Covers several areas of spectroscopy research and expands upon topics covered in the first volume Includes exhaustive lists of research articles, reviews, and books at the end of each chapter to further learning objectives Uses illustrative examples of the varied applications to provide a practical guide to those interested in using molecular and laser spectroscopy tools in their research
Download or read book Continuous Emission Monitoring written by James A. Jahnke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTINUOUS EMISSION MONITORING The new edition of the only single-volume reference on both the regulatory and technical aspects of U.S. and international continuous emission monitoring (CEM) systems Continuous Emission Monitoring presents clear, accurate, and up-to-date information on the technical and regulatory issues that affect the design, application, and certification of CEM systems installed in power plants, cement plants, pulp and paper mills, smelters, and other stationary sources. Written by an international expert in the field, this classic reference guide covers U.S. and international CEM regulatory requirements, analytical techniques, operation and maintenance of CEM instrumentation, and more. The fully revised Third Edition remains the most comprehensive source of CEM information available, featuring three brand-new chapters on mercury monitoring, the reporting and certification of industrial greenhouse gas emissions, and the instrumentation and methods used to measure air toxic compounds including dioxins, furans, and hydrogen chloride. Thoroughly updated chapters discuss topics such as flow rate monitors, new EPA regulations, instrumentation and calibration techniques, CEM system control and data acquisition, and extractive system design. Providing environmental professionals with the knowledge of CEM systems necessary to address the present-day regulatory environment, Continuous Emission Monitoring: Discusses how CEM systems work, their advantages and limitations, and the regulatory requirements governing their operation Covers both the historical framework and technological basis of current CEM regulatory programs and standards in the United States, Canada, Europe, and Asia Offers practical guidance on sampling system selection, measurement techniques, advanced monitoring approaches, recordkeeping, and quality assurance Provides detailed technical descriptions of the technology necessary for regulatory compliance Includes new orthographic drawings to help instrument technicians and regulators with little technical background to easily understand key topics Continuous Emission Monitoring, Third Edition is an essential resource for professionals responsible for ensuring regulatory compliance, managers and technicians who purchase, operate, and maintain CEM instrumentation, regulatory personnel who write and enforce operating permits, and instructors and students in upper-level environmental engineering programs.
Download or read book Modern Techniques of Spectroscopy written by Dheeraj Kumar Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book highlights recent developments in the field of spectroscopy by providing the readers with an updated and high-level of overview. The focus of this book is on the introduction to concepts of modern spectroscopic techniques, recent technological innovations in this field, and current examples of applications to molecules and materials relevant for academia and industry. The book will be beneficial to researchers from various branches of science and technology, and is intended to point them to modern techniques, which might be useful for their specific problems. Spectroscopic techniques, that are discussed include, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, SERS, TERS, CARS, IR absorption spectroscopy, SFG, LIBS, Quantum cascade laser (QCL) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, ellipsometry, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, such as cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and evanescent wave-CRDS both in gas and condensed phases, time-resolved spectroscopy etc. Applications introduced in the different chapters demonstrates the usefulness of the spectroscopic techniques for the characterization of fundamental properties of molecules, e.g. in connection with environmental impact, bio-activity, or usefulness for pharmaceutical drugs, and materials important e.g. for nano-science, nuclear chemistry, or bio-applications. The book presents how spectroscopic techniques can help to better understand substances, which have also great impact on questions of social and economic relevance (environment, alternative energy, etc.).
Download or read book Optical Spectroscopic Techniques Remote Sensing and Instrumentation for Atmospheric and Space Research IV written by Allen M. Larar and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2002 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Air Quality Monitoring and Advanced Bayesian Modeling written by Yongjie Li and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-01-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Quality Monitoring and Advanced Bayesian Modeling introduces recent developments in urban air quality monitoring and forecasting. The book presents concepts, theories, and case studies related to monitoring methods of criteria air pollutants, advanced methods for real-time characterization of chemical composition of PM and VOCs, and emerging strategies for air quality monitoring. The book illustrates concepts and theories through case studies about the development of common statistical air quality forecasting models. Readers will also learn advanced topics such as the Bayesian model class selection, adaptive forecasting model development with Kalman filter, and the Bayesian model averaging of multiple adaptive forecasting models. Covers fundamental to advanced applications of urban air quality monitoring and forecasting Includes detailed descriptions and applications of the instruments necessary for the most successful monitoring techniques Presents case studies throughout to provide real-world context to the research presented in the book
Download or read book Advanced Nanostructures for Environmental Health written by Lucian Baia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Nanostructures for Environmental Health shows how advanced nanostructures are used to meet the most important challenges of our age. The book presents examples of how advanced nanostructures can detect and remove pollutants and other contaminant harmful to people’s health and provides examples of diagnosis tools based on advanced nanostructures. Treatment possibilities with the use of nanostructures, such as phototherapeutic applications, radiation based treatment methods, and drug delivery systems are also explored. Takes an interdisciplinary approach to the use of advanced nanostructures for applications, including both environmental science and biomedical perspectives Includes a range of case studies to show how nanomaterials are being used to solve real-life challenges Covered applications include the detection of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, (heavy) metals and metalloids, gas molecules, bacteria, viruses, and for water and air decontamination by advanced oxidation processes
Download or read book Fast response measurements of organic trace species in the Earth s atmosphere written by Geiger, Felix and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-04 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work describes the development of an ultra-light-weight Proton-Transfer-Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS), its detailed qualification, ground-based and airborne applications and studies on VOC emissions in connection with fossil fuel production. The new system was used aboard a mobile laboratory in order to investigate the chemical fingerprints of the diverse emitters at oil and natural gas well pads. Emissions of aromatic hydrocarbons at a hydraulically fractured well have been studied.
