Download or read book Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring Analysis and Chemistry written by James Cizdziel and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-04-28 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury is a toxic global contaminant that is transported through the atmosphere, is deposited in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and concentrates up the food chain, reaching levels that can harm both humans and wildlife. This book reports the latest findings describing the distribution, deposition, and measurement of this airborne pollutant as well as the human and environmental impacts of artisanal mining of mercury and gold. The research originates from around the world and highlights the importance of atmospheric mercury research and the Minamata Convention on Mercury, a global treaty to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions of mercury.
Download or read book Atmospheric Mercury written by Robert W. Talbot and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Atmospheric Mercury" that was published in Atmosphere
Download or read book Mercury in the Environment written by Michael S. Bank and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mercury deposition and contamination is widespread and well documented, and it continues to be a public-health concern for certain sectors of the global human population in both developed and developing countries. This edited volume focuses on integrating the diverse sciences involved in the process of mercury cycling in the environment--from the atmosphere, through terrestrial and aquatic food webs, and human populations--to develop a comprehensive perspective on this important environmental pollutant. Using a systems-level approach, this book provides recommendations on mercury remediation, risk communication, education, and monitoring. In response to a growing need for understanding the cycling of this ubiquitous pollutant, the science of mercury has grown rapidly, expanding into several interdisciplinary fields and encompassing such disparate academic and scientific disciplines as biogeochemistry, economics, sociology, public health, decision sciences, physics, global change, and mathematics. Only recently have scientists really begun to establish more holistic approaches to studying mercury pollution, giving rise to investigations that have furthered the integration of a multi-tiered approach, especially by using chemistry, biology, and human health sciences collectively. The study of mercury pollution has produced a variety of contributions to domestic and international policies related to the management of mercury in the environment"-- Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Dynamics of Mercury Pollution on Regional and Global Scales written by Nicola Pirrone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-12-12 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the different dynamic patterns involved in the redistribution of mercury in the global environment, and its impact on human health and ecosystems. Increasing mercury usage and the lack of emission control policy, especially in fast developing countries, represent a complex environmental and political issue that can only benefit from more accurate measurement.
Download or read book Correlation of Modelled Atmospheric Deposition of Cadmium Mercury and Lead with the Measured Enrichment of these Elements in Moss written by Stefan Nickel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a unique analysis of current air pollution in Germany by correlating results from chemical transport modelling and accumulation monitoring by moss.Results of most recent modelling of atmospheric concentration and deposition of the metal elements Cd, Hg and Pb are compared with the results of technical measurements and bioindication with mosses. These modelling results with status 2020 have a higher spatial resolution of 0.1° x 0.1° than the modelling results valid up to then (50 km x 50 km). This leads to partly slightly higher correlations between the findings of the modelling and those of the moss monitoring. In this study, descriptive and correlation-statistical parameters are calculated, results and recommendations drawn described. A statistically adequately deepened analysis and evaluation of the highresolution modelling results requires additional methodological tools, which are outlined in summary. It is particularly important to link the exposure data from modelling, technical measurements and the findings from moss monitoring with information on the receptors, the ecosystem types. This is the only way to ensure that the results of the present project contribute to a more differentiated assessment of the impacts on ecosystems from atmospheric heavy metal deposition than has been the case to date, thus enabling a targeted further development of risk assessments for German
Download or read book Mercury Fate and Transport in the Global Atmosphere written by Nicola Pirrone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-15 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury, primarily because of its existence and bioaccumulation as methylmercury in aquatic organisms, is a concern for the health of higher trophic level organisms, or to their consumers. This is the major factor driving current research in mercury globally and in environmental regulation, and is the driver for the current UNEP Global Partnership for Mercury Transport and Fate Research (UNEP F&T) initiative. The overall focus of the UNEP F&T report is to assess the relative importance of different processes/mechanisms affecting the transfer of mercury (Hg) from emission sources to aquatic and terrestrial receptors and provide possible source-receptor relationships. This transfer occurs through atmospheric transport, chemical transformations and subsequent deposition, and involves the intermittent recycling between reservoirs that occurs prior to ultimate removal of Hg from the atmosphere. Understanding the sources, the global Hg transport and fate, and the impact of human activity on the biosphere, requires improved knowledge of Hg movement and transformation in the atmosphere. An improved understanding of Hg emission sources, fate and transport is important if there is to be a focused and concerted effort to set priorities and goals for Hg emission management and reduction at the national, regional and global levels; and to develop and implement such policies and strategies. To achieve this, a series of coordinated scientific endeavors focused on the estimation of sources, measurement and validation of concentrations and processes, and modeling, coupled with interpretation of the results within a policy framework, is likely to be required.
Download or read book Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Mercury written by Guangliang Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-07 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the fundamentals, recent developments, and future research needs for critical mercury transformation and transport processes, as well as the experimental methods that have been employed in recent studies. The coverage discusses the environmental behavior and toxicological effects of mercury on organisms, including humans, and provides case studies at the end of each chapter. Bringing together information normally spread across several books, this text is unique in covering the entire mercury cycle and providing a baseline for what is known and what uncertainties remain in respect to mercury cycling.
Download or read book Workshop on Source Emission and Ambient Air Monitoring of Mercury September 13 14 1999 Bloomington MN written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global and Regional Mercury Cycles Sources Fluxes and Mass Balances written by W. Baeyens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential themes in the biochemical cycling of mercury are the relative importance of anthropogenic versus natural sources, transformation and migration processes at the local, regional and global scale, global emission inventories of different mercury sources (both point and diffuse) of both natural and anthropogenic origin. In this regard, Siberia, with its vast territory and variety of natural zones, is of special interest in the global mercury cycle and in terms of the influence of geographical zones on source and sink terms in regional budgets. Siberia contains large areas of mercuriferous belts; natural deposits that emit mercury into the atmosphere and water. Siberian gold has been mined with the use of mercury since the early 1800s. But there, too, huge forest zones and vast areas of tundra and wetland (bogs) can act as efficient sinks for atmospheric mercury. Audience: Environmental scientists, legislators, politicians and the interested citizen wishing to gain a clear picture of the biogeochemical cycling of mercury.
Download or read book Mercury as a Global Pollutant written by Donald B. Porcella and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiv PART I MERCURY AND HUMAN HEALTH B. WHEATLEY and S. PARADIS I Exposure of Canadian Aboriginal Peoples to Methylmercury 3-11 M. GIRARD and C. DUMONT I Exposure of James Bay Cree to Methylmercury during Pregnancy for the Years 1983-91 13-19 M. RICHARDSON, M. MITCHELL, S. COAD and R. RAPHAEL I Exposure to Mercury in Canada: A Multimedia Analysis 21-30 M. RICHARDSON, M. EGYED and D. J. CURRIE I Human Exposure to Mercury may Decrease as Acidic Deposition Increases 31-39 L. E. FLEMING, S. WATKINS, R. KADERMAN, B. LEVIN, D. R. AVYAR, M. BIZZIO, D. STEPHENS and J. A. BEAN I Mercury Exposure in Humans through Food Consumption from the Everglades of Florida 41-48 J. M. GEARHART, H. J. CLEWELL III, K. S. CRUMP, A. M. SHIPP and A. SILVERS I Pharmacokinetic Dose Estimates of Mercury in Children and Dose-Response Curves of Performance Tests in a Large Epidemiological Study 49-58 I. SKARE I Mass Balance and Systemic Uptake of Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings 59-67 J. DELLINGER, N. KMIECIK, S. GERSTENBERGER and H. NGU I Mercury Contamina tion of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: I. Walleye Fillets and Skin-On versus Skin-Off Sampling 69-76 J. DELLINGER, L. MALEK and M. BEATTIE I Mercury Contamination of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: II. Sensory Evoked Responses in Rats Fed Walleye 77-83 H. AKAGI, O. MALM, F. J. P. BRANCHES, Y. KINJO, Y. KASHIMA, J. R. D. GUIMARAES, R. B. OLIVEIRA, K. HARAGUCHI, W. C. PFEIFFER, Y.
Download or read book Uncertainties in Atmospheric Mercury Modeling for Policy Evaluation written by Sae Yun Kwon and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury (Hg) contamination is an issue of a growing environmental and public health concern. Atmospheric chemistry transport models for Hg are a critical tool for understanding the sources, processes, and fate of Hg. Uncertainties in multiple aspects of atmospheric Hg models, however, limit their application for policy evaluation and for monitoring global trends in atmospheric Hg concentrations. This review aims to identify uncertainties in atmospheric Hg modeling that are relevant in the context of policy and for informing decision-making. We focus on specific requirements of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, a global treaty signed in 2013 to protect human health and the environment from Hg, to demonstrate how existing uncertainties in atmospheric Hg modeling can influence our ability to evaluate source-receptor relationships. Modeling studies of source attribution suggest that major uncertainties in atmospheric Hg modeling arise from anthropogenic emissions, biogeochemical cycling, and atmospheric chemistry. Uncertainties in these aspects of modeling are expected to increase under the Convention, with regulation of anthropogenic emissions, changes in atmospheric conditions, and legacy and natural Hg source contribution to the global biogeochemical cycle. These uncertainties can interact with one another and with the current Hg species measurement capability and pose challenges to effectively monitoring trends in atmospheric Hg. Developing additional means to attribute simulated atmospheric Hg trends and improve source-receptor relationships in atmospheric Hg models would improve our ability to evaluate the Convention's effectiveness. Keywords: Mercury, Atmosphere, Model, Uncertainty,Policy, Minamata.
Download or read book Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry written by Daniel J. Jacob and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric chemistry is one of the fastest growing fields in the earth sciences. Until now, however, there has been no book designed to help students capture the essence of the subject in a brief course of study. Daniel Jacob, a leading researcher and teacher in the field, addresses that problem by presenting the first textbook on atmospheric chemistry for a one-semester course. Based on the approach he developed in his class at Harvard, Jacob introduces students in clear and concise chapters to the fundamentals as well as the latest ideas and findings in the field. Jacob's aim is to show students how to use basic principles of physics and chemistry to describe a complex system such as the atmosphere. He also seeks to give students an overview of the current state of research and the work that led to this point. Jacob begins with atmospheric structure, design of simple models, atmospheric transport, and the continuity equation, and continues with geochemical cycles, the greenhouse effect, aerosols, stratospheric ozone, the oxidizing power of the atmosphere, smog, and acid rain. Each chapter concludes with a problem set based on recent scientific literature. This is a novel approach to problem-set writing, and one that successfully introduces students to the prevailing issues. This is a major contribution to a growing area of study and will be welcomed enthusiastically by students and teachers alike.
Download or read book Atmospheric Mercury written by Robert W. Talbot and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury is a serious environmental toxin that is distributed globally by large-scale atmospheric circulations. The chapters in this book cover measurements of speciated atmospheric mercury, regional modeling, continental-scale distributions across the U.S. and Canada, large-scale distributions in the free troposphere, and changes in wet deposition across the U.S. The diverse topics give snap-shots of current research areas in atmospheric mercury and some insight into policy issues in Europe. Together, the work demonstrates the complexity of atmospheric mercury and provides aspects on measuring and modeling it. Much work is needed in the future to unravel the chemical forms of oxidized atmospheric mercury and how it is intertwined in global cycling of mercury. The complexities of this work are extremely challenging for emerging atmospheric chemists
Download or read book The Chemical Speciation and Phase Distribution of Atmospheric Oxidized Mercury written by Avik Ghoshdastidar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mercury is a potent global neurotoxin that causes cognitive and neuromuscular damage. it is released through natural and anthropogenic processes, such as fossil fuel combustion, and travels far from its source of origin. A global concern, 130 countries have signed the 2013 UN Convention on Mercury, committing to reducing emissions. Atmospheric mercury primarily exists as three bulk species of which gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) predominates. GEM travels far from its source of origin due to its long atmospheric residence time and deposits in marine and terrestrial environments following chemical transformation to the more water-soluble, bioavailable gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) and after binding to particulates. In marine environments, oxidized forms of mercury may convert to the highly neurotoxic methylmercury organic species. Conventional mercury analysis techniques cannot determine the chemical forms of mercury present in the atmosphere only whether mercury is present as GEM, GOM or particulate forms. It is also not clear that what is measured as gaseous mercury is entirely gaseous but may be comprised of nano-particulate mercury. Nano-particulate mercury would have significantly different chemical, biologic and human health implications, and would fundamentally change how we model the fate of mercury in the atmosphere, its transformations and risks to ecosystems.In this work, we develop a technique to determine and measure the chemical speciation of atmospheric oxidized mercury using soft-ionization mass spectrometry, generate and characterize reproducible sources of oxidized mercury nanoparticles and assess the determine the gaseous and particulate contributions of mercury(II) bromide and mercury(II) chloride at pg/m3 concentrations in Montreal urban air. " --
Download or read book Elemental Mercury and Inorganic Mercury Compounds written by J. Risher and published by WHO. This book was released on 2003 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On cover: IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety. Published under the joint sponsorship of WHO, the United Nations Environment Programme, and the International Labour Organization and produced within the framework of the Inter-organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IPCS).
Download or read book Analysis of Mercury Concentrations in Indiana Soil to Evaluate Patterns of Long term Atmospheric Mercury Deposition written by Julie R. Crewe and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury (Hg) has proven to be a risk to the public, mainly through the consumption of fish. Because of this, many fish consumption advisories have been issued in Indiana. Although much is known about the global cycle of mercury, little is known about how local and regional emission sources of mercury impact local and regional mercury cycling. This study's objective was to determine the scope of mercury concentration in central Indiana by using a broad grid of soil mercury measurements. Sampling was designed to capture the net retained mercury content in soils, and to determine whether spatial patterns in exist in soil mercury contents that could be related to emission sources of mercury and post-emission transport patterns from wind. Results from this study revealed significant differences in mercury concentrations for soils in central Indiana. The core of the study area, concentrated in the urban area of Indianapolis, exhibited soil mercury contents that were 20 times higher than values in the outskirts of the study area. The spatial pattern resembled a bulls-eye shape centered on Indianapolis, and with comparison to the reported Hg emission from local sources, including a coal-fired power plant, indicates a strong regional deposition signal linked to those emission sources but marked by wind-driven transport to the northeast. This effect of local emission sources resulting in local deposition indicates that limiting mercury emissions will have a net beneficial impact on local environmental quality and human health.
Download or read book Environmental Applications of Instrumental Chemical Analysis written by Mahmood Barbooti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive review of the instrumental analytical methods and their use in environmental monitoring site assessment and remediation follow-up operations. The increased concern about environmental issues such as water pollution, air pollution, accumulation of pollutants in food, global climate change, and effective remediation processes necessitate the precise determination of various types of chemicals in environmental samples. In general, all stages of environmental work start with the evaluation of organic and inorganic environmental samples. This important book furnishes the fundamentals of instrumental chemical analysis methods to various environmental applications and also covers recent developments in instrumental chemical methods. Covering a wide variety of topics in the field, the book: • Presents an introduction to environmental chemistry • Presents the fundamentals of instrumental chemical analysis methods that are used mostly in the environmental work. • Examines instrumental methods of analysis including UV/Vis, FTIR, atomic absorption, induced coupled plasma emission, electrochemical methods like potentiometry, voltametry, coulometry, and chromatographic methods such as GC and HPLC • Presents newly introduced chromatographic methodologies such as ion electrophoresis, and combinations of chromatography with pyrolysis methods are given • Discusses selected methods for the determinations of various pollutants in water, air, and land Readers will gain a general review of modern instrumental method of chemical analysis that is useful in environmental work and will learn how to select methods for analyzing certain samples. Analytical instrumentation and its underlying principles are presented, along with the types of sample for which each instrument is best suited. Some noninstrumental techniques, such as colorimetric detection tubes for gases and immnosassays, are also discussed.
