Download or read book Atmospheric and catchment mercury concentrations and fluxes in Fennoscandia written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric and Catchment Mercury Concentrations and Fluxes in Fennoscandia written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Measurements in Southern Fennoscandia show a weak declining trend in mercury deposition which can be attributed to reduction controls in EU countries. Deposition of mercury in Arctic areas is likely to be governed by the amount of mercury in background air and therefore largely dependent on mercury emissions from mercury sources in the entire northern hemisphere. Hence, further reduction in anthropogenic emissions of mercury will require control measures in the entire northern hemisphere. The so called atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs) are occurring during polar spring. How much of the deposited mercury that remains contra is re-emitted to the atmosphere is, however, crucial for assessing the importance of AMDE in the Arctic environment. Forest soils are an important sink for mercury deposited from the atmosphere. However, this sink can be affected by perturbations in conjunction to common forestry practices and lead to mobilization of the stored mercury and enhanced methyl mercury formation. Similar effects can be expected in areas where climate change results in large increases in precipitation amounts. The processes governing these changes in mercury mobilization are to some extent unknown and general predictions of the magnitude of the changes are thus associated with a large degree of uncertainty
Download or read book Proceedings and Summary Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mercury and the Everglades A Synthesis and Model for Complex Ecosystem Restoration written by Curtis D. Pollman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book integrates 30 years of mercury research on the Florida Everglades to inform scientists and policy makers. The Everglades is an iconic ecosystem by virtue of its expanse; diversity of biota; and multiple international designations. Despite this, the Everglades has been subjected to multiple threats including: habitat loss, hydrologic alterations, invasive species; and altered water quality. Less well recognized as a threat to Everglades human use and wildlife populations is the toxic metal, mercury. This Volume focuses on sources of mercury to the Everglades from the late-1980’s when there was bewilderment as to why there were very high levels of mercury in the Everglades food web. Soon came the finding that mercury loadings from atmospheric deposition accounted for over 95% of total input to the Everglades which resulted in Florida conducting the most comprehensive mercury monitoring and modeling study performed to date. Topics discussed in this Volume include: (1) Why atmospheric deposition fluxes of mercury to the Everglades are amongst the highest in the U.S; (2) That these are overwhelmingly from sources outside of the U.S; (3) That mitigation strategies for resolving the elevated food web mercury problem in the Everglades that rely solely on reducing atmospheric mercury inputs will not be effective for many decades; (4) That consideration of other strategies, in particular controlling factors related to Everglades mercury biogeochemical cycling seem warranted.
Download or read book Chemical Processes Influencing Mercury Transformations and Atmospheric Fluxes in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer in Coastal Regions written by Susan Warau Gichuki and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Atmospheric Mercury Concentrations Near Salmon Falls Creek Reservoir Phase 1 written by M. L. Abbott and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elemental and reactive gaseous mercury (EGM/RGM) were measured in ambient air concentrations over a two-week period in July/August 2005 near Salmon Falls Creek Reservoir, a popular fishery located 50 km southwest of Twin Falls, Idaho. A fish consumption advisory for mercury was posted at the reservoir in 2002 by the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare. The air measurements were part of a multi-media (water, sediment, precipitation, air) study initiated by the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Region 10 to identify potential sources of mercury contamination to the reservoir. The sampling site is located about 150 km northeast of large gold mining operations in Nevada, which are known to emit large amounts of mercury to the atmosphere (est. 2,200 kg/y from EPA 2003 Toxic Release Inventory). The work was co-funded by the Idaho National Laboratory's Community Assistance Program and has a secondary objective to better understand mercury inputs to the environment near the INL, which lies approximately 230 km to the northeast. Sampling results showed that both EGM and RGM concentrations were significantly elevated (~ 30 - 70%, P
Download or read book Global and Regional Mercury Cycles written by W. Baeyens and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mercury in the Environment written by Michael S. Bank and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-05-31 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Mercury deposition and contamination is widespread and well documented, and it continues to be a public-health concern for certain sectors of the global human population in both developed and developing countries. This edited volume focuses on integrating the diverse sciences involved in the process of mercury cycling in the environment--from the atmosphere, through terrestrial and aquatic food webs, and human populations--to develop a comprehensive perspective on this important environmental pollutant. Using a systems-level approach, this book provides recommendations on mercury remediation, risk communication, education, and monitoring. In response to a growing need for understanding the cycling of this ubiquitous pollutant, the science of mercury has grown rapidly, expanding into several interdisciplinary fields and encompassing such disparate academic and scientific disciplines as biogeochemistry, economics, sociology, public health, decision sciences, physics, global change, and mathematics. Only recently have scientists really begun to establish more holistic approaches to studying mercury pollution, giving rise to investigations that have furthered the integration of a multi-tiered approach, especially by using chemistry, biology, and human health sciences collectively. The study of mercury pollution has produced a variety of contributions to domestic and international policies related to the management of mercury in the environment"-- Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Land atmosphere Exchange of Mercury in Temperate Wetlands written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gaseous elemental mercury (Hg0) cycling in temperate wetlands was evaluated by performing an atmospheric deposition study in addition to in situ micrometeorological and laboratory dynamic flux chamber experiments examining New Jersey salt marsh sediments. Mercury wet deposition was measured at an urban/suburban site in eastern central New Jersey (New Brunswick) and at a rural site in northwestern New Jersey (Belvidere). Volume-weighted mean mercury concentrations in precipitation were greater in New Brunswick (11 ng L-1) than Belvidere (8.6 ng L-1) and exhibited seasonality with highest concentrations in the summer. Over a seven year period (1999-2002 from Zhuang 2004, plus 2003-2006 from this study), mercury concentrations in New Brunswick precipitation decreased at a rate of 0.2 ℗æg m-2 y-1, while over a three year period (2002-2005) in Belvidere, mercury concentrations were constant. Annual wet deposition fluxes for New Brunswick and Belvidere were 12 and 11 ℗æg m-2 y-1 respectively, similar to previous estimates for New Jersey. No patterns were observed between Hg and other analyzed trace metals. Meteorological conditions also did not correlate, indicating local and regional sources. In situ estimates of sediment-air mercury volatilization fluxes were an order of magnitude higher at the Secaucus High School Marsh ( -375 to +677 ng m-2 h-1) than at the Great Bay estuary ( -34 to +81 ng m-2 h-1). Mercury volatilization fluxes were positively correlated with solar radiation at the Great Bay estuary but only on one out of six sampling days in Secaucus, potentially a result of tides. Areally averaged annual mercury emissions from Secaucus (0.06 kg y-1) are much lower than those from industrial sources in New Jersey, but preliminary scaling up of mercury emissions estimated for the much larger Great Bay estuary (13 kg y-1) indicate that it is comparable to minor industrial sources in the State. Laboratory flux chamber experiments showed that photochemistry is more important in sediment-air mercury volatilization than other physicochemical sediment characteristics. In the light, mercury flux from sediments was up to 50 times larger than in the dark, with the greatest emissions observed during visible + UV treatments, as observed in the natural environment.
Download or read book Mercury in the Atmosphere of Europe written by Alexey Ryaboshapko and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quantifying Mercury Surface Fluxes by Combining Atmospheric Observations and Models written by Shaojie Song and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury (Hg) is a critical environmental concern. Although an important component of its biogeochemical cycle, large uncertainties still exist in the estimates of surface fluxes of mercury. Three projects presented in this thesis improve our understanding of mercury surface fluxes at different spatial scales by combining atmospheric observations and models. First, a global scale inverse model study uses observations at multiple ground-based stations and simulations from a three-dimensional chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to obtain a total mercury emission of about 5.8 Gg yr-1, in which the ocean contributes about a half. The global terrestrial ecosystem is found to be neither a net source nor a net sink of Hg0 (gaseous elemental mercury). The optimized Asian anthropogenic emissions (0.7-1.8 Gg yr-1) are very likely higher than bottom-up estimates, implying missing sources, higher activity levels, and/or lower control efficiencies in these inventories. Optimizing two physicochemical ocean parameters improves the model's ability in reproducing the seasonal pattern of observed Hg0. The inversion also suggests that the legacy mercury releases tend to reside in the terrestrial system rather than in the ocean. Second, the comparison of nested grid GEOS-Chem model simulations with aircraft observations support results from the global inversion, and further suggests that the Northwest Atlantic Ocean is a net source of Hg0, with high evasion fluxes in summer (related to the high precipitation rates and deposition fluxes of oxidized mercury), whereas the terrestrial ecosystem in the eastern United States is likely a net sink of Hg0 during summer. Third, a one-dimensional chemical transport model is built and used to simulate the mercury diurnal variabilities observed at Dome Concordia on the Antarctic plateau. The model simulation best reproducing the Hg0 observations shows that in summer mercury is rapidly cycled between the shallow atmospheric boundary layer and the surface snowpack. A two-step bromine initiated scheme oxidizes Hg0 Oxidized mercury is deposited, photoreduced in the surface snow, and reemitted as Hg0 back into the atmosphere.
Download or read book Concentrations and Fluxes of Total Mercury and Methlmercury Within a Wastewater Treatment Plant written by Joseph A. McAlear and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin written by The BACC II Author Team and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-03 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years ago), changes in the recent past (the last 200 years), climate projections up until 2100 using state-of-the-art regional climate models and an assessment of climate-change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. There are dedicated new chapters on sea-level rise, coastal erosion and impacts on urban areas. A new set of chapters deals with possible causes of regional climate change along with the global effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, namely atmospheric aerosols and land-cover change. The evidence collected and presented in this book shows that the regional climate has already started to change and this is expected to continue. Projections of potential future climates show that the region will probably become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures and are expected to undergo further changes in the near future. The BACC II Author Team consists of 141 scientists from 12 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC II is a project of the Baltic Earth research network and contributes to the World Climate Research Programme.
Download or read book The Role of Submarine Groundwater Discharge as Material Source to the Baltic Sea written by Beata Szymczycha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a review of experimental methods and presents the worldwide newest literature regarding chemical substances fluxes via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Thus, the book characterizes both the distribution of chemicals in groundwater impacted areas in the Baltic Sea and their fluxes via SGD to the Baltic Sea. This book presents the state of art regarding the SGD and detailed studies on SGD characterization in the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is an example of a region highly influenced by a variety of human activities that affect the ecosystem. It is shown that SGD has been proven to be one of the important sources introducing dissolved substances into the Baltic Sea. The loads of chemical substances delivered to the Baltic sea with SGD have not been quantified so far.
Download or read book Long term Environmental Change in Arctic and Antarctic Lakes written by Reinhard Pienitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-08 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerns about the effects of global climate change have focused attention on the vulnerability of circumpolar regions. This book offers a synthesis of the spectrum of techniques available for generating long-term environmental records from circumpolar lakes.
Download or read book Mercury in Finnish Forest Lakes and Reservoirs written by Matti Verta and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paper summarizing results and estimating levels of mercury (Hg) contamination in Finnish lakes and rivers resulting from human activity, contamination of fish and possible measures for lowering fish Hg.
