Download or read book Atlas of the Morphology of the Human Cerebral Cortex on the Average MNI Brain written by Michael Petrides and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas of the Morphology of the Human Cerebral Cortex on the Average MNI Brain provides a comprehensive identification of the sulci and gyri of the human brain on a series of coronal sections of the average MNI brain and identifies the likely location of the cytoarchitectonic areas of the cerebral cortex. Presentation in MNI Stereotaxic Space enables the atlas to serve as a useful working tool for structural/functional neuroimagers attempting to identify the sulcus or gyrus and the likely cytoarchitectonic area within which a functional activation or a structural change has occurred. A brief introductory section discusses the history and current state of studies of the sulcal and gyral morphology and cytoarchitecture of the human cerebral cortex. Identifies all sulci and gyri of both hemispheres of the average MNI brain (rather than those of a single brain with its individual peculiarities) so that the average surface morphology of the human cerebral cortex is clearly revealed Presents the likely location of architectonic areas on the average MNI brain so that researchers can report their findings in a manner that is readily translatable from laboratory to laboratory Offers succinct commentary on the relation of sulci and gyri to architectonic areas, which will be useful to those looking to identify the cortical area within which functional or structural changes occurred Offers succinct commentaries on the diversity of names often used to refer to the exact same area that will be useful to those struggling to navigate the often confusing cerebral cortex nomenclature

Download or read book Atlas of the Human Brain written by Juergen K. Mai and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of Atlas of the Human Brain presents the anatomy of the brain at macroscopic and microscopic levels, featuring different aspects of brain morphology and topography. This greatly enlarged new edition provides the most detailed and accurate delineations of brain structure available. It includes features which assist in the new fields of neuroscience - functional imaging, resting state imaging and tractography. Atlas of the Human Brain is an essential guide to those working with human brain imaging or attempting to relate their observations on experimental animals to humans. Totally new in this edition is the inclusion of Nissl plates with delineation of cortical areas (Brodmann's areas), the first time that these areas have been presented in serial histological sections.

Download or read book Microstructural Parcellation of the Human Cerebral Cortex written by Stefan Geyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unraveling the functional properties of structural elements in the brain is one of the fundamental goals of neuroscientific research. In the cerebral cortex this is no mean feat, since cortical areas are defined microstructurally in post-mortem brains but functionally in living brains with electrophysiological or neuroimaging techniques – and cortical areas vary in their topographical properties across individual brains. Being able to map both microstructure and function in the same brains noninvasively in vivo would represent a huge leap forward. In recent years, high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies with spatial resolution below 0.5 mm have set the stage for this by detecting structural differences within the human cerebral cortex, beyond the Stria of Gennari. This provides the basis for an in vivo microanatomical brain map, with the enormous potential to make direct correlations between microstructure and function in living human brains. This book starts with Brodmann’s post-mortem map published in the early 20th century, moves on to the almost forgotten microstructural maps of von Economo and Koskinas and the Vogt-Vogt school, sheds some light on more recent approaches that aim at mapping cortical areas noninvasively in living human brains, and culminates with the concept of “in vivo Brodmann mapping” using high-field MRI, which was introduced in the early 21st century.

Download or read book Neuroanatomy of Language Regions of the Human Brain written by Michael Petrides and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-12-03 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many studies of the neural bases of language processes are now conducted with functional and structural neuroimaging. Research is often compromised because of difficulties in identifying the core structures in the face of the complex morphology of these regions of the brain. Although there are many books on the cognitive aspects of language and also on neurolinguistics and aphasiology, Neuroanatomy of Language Regions of the Human Brain is the first anatomical atlas that focuses on the core regions of the cerebral cortex involved in language processing. This atlas is a richly illustrated guide for scientists interested in the gross morphology of the sulci and gyri of the core language regions, in the cytoarchitecture of the relevant cortical areas, and in the connectivity of these areas. Data from diffusion MRI and resting-state connectivity are integrated iwth critical experimental anatomical data about homologous areas in the macaque monkey to provide the latest information on the connectivity of the language-relevant cortical areas of the brain. Although the anatomical connectivity data from studies on the macaque monkey provide the most detailed information, they are often neglected because of difficulties in interpreting the terminology used and in making the monkey-to-human comparison. This atlas helps investigators interpret this important source of information. Neuroanatomy of Language Regions of the Human Brain will assist investigators of the neural bases of language in increasing the anatomical sophistication of their research adn in evaluating studies of language and the brain. Abundantly illustrated with photographs, 3-D MRI reconstructions, and sections to represent the morphology of the sulci and gyri in the frontal, temporal, and parietal regions involved in language processing Photomicrographs showing the cytoarchitecture of cortical areas involved in language processing Series of coronal, sagittal, and horizontal sections identifying the sulci and gyri to assist language investigators using structural and functional neuroimaging techniques All images accompanied by brief commentaries to help users navigate the complexities of the anatomy Integration of data from diffusion MRI and resting-state connectivity with critical experimental anatomical data on the connectivity of homologous areas in the macaque monkey

Download or read book fMRI written by Stephan Ulmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, fMRI has evolved into an invaluable clinical tool for routine brain imaging. This book provides a state of the art overview of fMRI and its use in clinical practice. Experts in the field share their knowledge and explain how to overcome diverse potential technical barriers and problems. Starting from the very basics on the origin of the BOLD signal, the book covers technical issues, anatomical landmarks, the full range of clinical applications, methods of statistical analysis, and special issues in various clinical fields. Comparisons are made with other brain mapping techniques, such as DTI, PET, TMS, EEG, and MEG, and their combined use with fMRI is also discussed. Since the first edition, original chapters have been updated and new chapters added, covering both novel aspects of analysis and further important clinical applications.

Download or read book Understanding the Prefrontal Cortex written by Richard Passingham and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This chapter explains why this book is organized as it is. Each neocortical area has a unique pattern of inputs and outputs. This means that the challenge is to understand the transformation that each of the prefrontal areas performs from input to output. Functional brain imaging allows us to visualize the human brain at work, but it does not have the spatial resolution to identify the mechanisms that support the transformations that the brain performs. It is neurophysiological recordings from cells that tell us how these are achieved. Chapters 3-8 are therefore mainly devoted to studies that have been carried out on the prefrontal cortex of macaque monkeys because the methods are necessarily invasive. Apart from recording, the methods include making selective lesions in an area; it is these that identify the contribution that is unique to that area. The book ends by reviewing the evolution of the human prefrontal cortex; and the final two chapters discuss the ways in which the human prefrontal cortex is specialized in terms of function. In doing so, they attempt to account for the intellectual gap between humans and other primates"--

Download or read book Functional and Clinical Neuroanatomy written by Jahangir Moini and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functional and Clinical Neuroanatomy: A Guide for Health Care Professionals is a comprehensive, yet easy-to read, introduction to neuroanatomy that covers the structures and functions of the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous systems. The book also focuses on the clinical presentation of disease processes involving specific structures. It is the first review of clinical neuroanatomy that is written specifically for nurses, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, medical students and medical assistants who work in the field of neurology. It will also be an invaluable resource for graduate and postgraduate students in neuroscience. With 22 chapters, including two that provide complete neurological examinations and diagnostic evaluations, this book is an ideal resource for health care professionals across a wide variety of disciplines. Written specifically for "mid-level" providers in the field of neurology Provides an up-to-date review of clinical neuroanatomy based on the latest guidelines Provides a logical, step-by-step introduction to neuroanatomy Offers hundreds of full-color figures to illustrate important concepts Highlights key subjects in "Focus On" boxes Includes Section Reviews at critical points in the text of each chapter

Download or read book Epidemiology of Brain and Spinal Tumors written by Jahangir Moini and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-04-09 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epidemiology of Brain and Spinal Tumors provides a single volume resource on imaging methods and neuroepidemiology of both brain and spinal tumors. The book covers a variety of imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT), MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), and other laboratory tests used in diagnosis and treatment. Detailed epidemiology, various imaging methods, and clinical considerations of tumors of the CNS make this an ideal reference for users who will also find diverse information about structures and functions, cytology, epidemiology (including molecular epidemiology), diagnosis and treatment. This book is appropriate for neuroscience researchers, medical professionals and anyone interested in a complete guide to visualizing and understanding CNS tumors. Provides the most up-to-date information surrounding the epidemiology, biology and imaging techniques for brain and spinal tumors, including CT, MRI, PET, and others Includes full color figures, photos, tables, graphs and radioimaging Contains information that will be valuable to anyone interested in the field of neurooncology and the treatment of patients with brain and spinal tumors Serves as a source of background information for basic scientists and pharmaceutical researchers who have an interest in imaging and treatment

Download or read book The Human Cerebral Cortex written by Michael Petrides and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As MRI research becomes more detailed and specialized, it becomes essential to have detailed atlases that also explain individual variability, but other atlases do not provide this detail and leave users without illustration of, or guidance regarding how to deal with the variability they inevitably encounter in research and practice. This book serves as the first cortex atlas to address this growing need, appealing to clinicians, researchers and graduate students in neuroscience, neurology, neurosurgery and radiology. The atlas provides nearly 200 photographs of 3D reconstructions of human brains in a standard series of coronal, sagittal, and horizontal sections. It illustrates in detail and labels 95% of the cortex sulci and gyri, and images are presented in the MNI stereotaxic space. In addition to the standard brain and its sections are numerous examples of brains that exhibit patterns of deviating sulci and gyri. Examples of these variants are presented next to the standard illustration, accompanied by brief commentary aimed at helping users identify these variants and use them in their own work

Download or read book TMS application in both health and disease written by Joao Miguel Castelhano and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-06 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Combined MRI and Histology Atlas of the Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates written by Kadharbatcha S. Saleem and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Combined MRI and Histology Atlas of the Rhesus Monkey Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, Second Edition maps the detailed architectonic subdivisions of the cortical and subcortical areas in the macaque monkey brain using high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images and the corresponding histology sections in the same animal. This edition of the atlas is unlike anything else available as it includes the detailed cyto- and chemoarchitectonic delineations of the brain areas in all three planes of sections (horizontal, coronal, and sagittal) that are derived from the same animal. This is a significant progress because in functional imaging studies, such as fMRI, both the horizontal and sagittal planes of sections are often the preferred planes given that multiple functionally active regions can be visualized simultaneously in a single horizontal or sagittal section. This combined MRI and histology atlas is designed to provide an easy-to-use reference for anatomical and physiological studies in macaque monkeys, and in functional-imaging studies in human and non-human primates using fMRI and PET. The first rhesus monkey brain atlas with horizontal, coronal, and sagittal planes of sections, derived from the same animal Shows the first detailed delineations of the cortical and subcortical areas in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal plane of sections in the same animal using different staining methods Horizonal series illustrates the dorsoventral extent of the left hemisphere in 47 horizontal MRI and photomicrographic sections matched with 47 detailed diagrams (Chapter 3) Coronal series presents the full rostrocaudal extent of the right hemisphere in 76 coronal MRI and photomicrographic sections, with 76 corresponding drawings (Chapter 4) Sagittal series shows the complete mediolateral extent of the left hemisphere in 30 sagittal MRI sections, with 30 corresponding drawings (Chapter 5). The sagittal series also illustrates the location of different fiber tracts in the white matter Individual variability - provides selected cortical and subcortical areas in three-dimensional MRI (horizontal, coronal, and sagittal MRI planes). For comparison, it also provides similar areas in coronal MRI section in six other monkeys. (Chapter 6) Vasculature - indicates the corresponding location of all major blood vessels in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal series of sections Provides updated information on the cortical and subcortical areas, such as architectonic areas and nomenclature, with references, in chapter 2 Provides the sterotaxic grid derived from the in-vivo MR image

Download or read book Cingulate Cortex written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cingulate Cortex, Volume 166 summarizes research on the cingulate cortex, including its structure and function in health and how it is compromised in disease or trauma. Chapters discuss the cingulate organization by region and area, cover its function in consciousness, attention, social cognition and spatial orientation, review neurological disorders with cingulate involvement, including neurodegenerative disorders, movement disorders, Parkinson’s, ADHD, Cognitive impairment, Palsy, Tourette’s Syndrome, chronic pain, seizures, and more. Final sections discuss the relationship between the cingulate cortex, stress and psychiatric disorders. Coverage here includes PTSD, anxiety, depression, and evidence-based treatment for same. Identifies the structure and function of all areas and regions of the cingulate cortex Discusses its role in sensory-motor, cognitive and emotional processing Covers cingulate-mediated neurological and psychiatric disorders Supplies evidence-based treatment for cingulate mediated disorders

Download or read book Perspectives on Cognitive Neuroscience written by Richard G. Lister and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1991 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a series of original essays by researchers in the fields of cognitive psychology, the neurosciences and neuropsychology, whose goal is to integrate the diverse and growing body of research emerging in these diverse areas.

Download or read book Recent Developments in Neuroanatomical Terminology written by Hans J. ten Donkelaar and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present series of papers are meant to provoke discussion on neuroanatomical terminology. After publication of the Terminologia Neuroanatomica (TNA 2017; http://FIPAT.library.dal.ca) and its recent ratification by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA), August 9 in London (UK), several neuroscientists were invited to give their views on this new official IFAA terminology. This resulted in 12 papers and one commentary on the following topics: (A) Further development of a developmental ontology; (B) Common terminology for cerebral cortex and thalamus; (C) White matter tracts; and (D) Neuron types. The suggestions made to improve the TNA will be considered in the next version of the TNA. Neuroanatomical terminology should remain an actively ongoing endeavor and concerns all using this nomenclature, whether in Latin, English or other languages.

Download or read book Atlas of the Cerebral Sulci written by Michio Ono (M.D.) and published by Thieme. This book was released on 1990 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An atlas devoted exclusively to the anatomical descriptions and relationships of the cortical sulci has not previously been published. Ostensibly, it would seem an insurmountable task to classify the myriad sulcal patterns that exist upon the cortical surface. However, basic recurring themes can be identified in general terms, and trends in individual variabilities can be categorized... Chad D. Abernathey, M.D.

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Development written by Olivier Houdé and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-03 with total page 727 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does cognition develop in infants, children and adolescents? This handbook presents a cutting-edge overview of the field of cognitive development, spanning basic methodology, key domain-based findings and applications. Part One covers the neurobiological constraints and laws of brain development, while Part Two covers the fundamentals of cognitive development from birth to adulthood: object, number, categorization, reasoning, decision-making and socioemotional cognition. The final Part Three covers educational and school-learning domains, including numeracy, literacy, scientific reasoning skills, working memory and executive skills, metacognition, curiosity-driven active learning and more. Featuring chapters written by the world's leading scholars in experimental and developmental psychology, as well as in basic neurobiology, cognitive neuroscience, computational modelling and developmental robotics, this collection is the most comprehensive reference work to date on cognitive development of the twenty-first century. It will be a vital resource for scholars and graduate students in developmental psychology, neuroeducation and the cognitive sciences.

Download or read book The Ageing Brain written by Perminder S. Sachdev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-09-20 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When confronted with a neurological or psychiatric disorder in an elderly individual, a clinician or researcher is likely to ask how the processes of ageing have influenced the aetiology and presentation of the disorder, and will impact on its efficient management. There are many urban myths about ageing, and some of these apply to the brain. The reviews included in this book are an attempt to flush out some of these myths, and arm the clinician and general researcher with the empirical facts that can be mustered to substantiate claims about ageing. There are many salient questions: is cognitive change to be expected in an elderly individual? Is this change progressive, relentless and unselective, or is it focal and constrained? Would every person who lived long enough develop Alzheimer’s disease? Do our neurones die as we get old? What happens to the size of the brain and its metabolic activity? How do our hormones change with age? Can anti-oxidants slow or even stop the process of ageing? Are genes important in the ageing brain or is it all in the environment? How much of what we are is due to what we eat? The contributors to this book, each an expert in their field, have addressed some of these questions in a language simple enough for a general reader to understand. The book also deals with some of the most prominent brain disorders of old age - Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, vascular dementia, and depression. The focus is on the impact of ageing on these disorders. The discussions lay out a broad map for the clinician dealing with neuropsychiatric disorders, and the future researcher of brain ageing. In a field in which the developments are too numerous for any one individual to keep pace with, this book presents up-to-date summaries that can be a useful starting point. The field of brain ageing abounds in tabloid science. This book counters this by providing a strong empirical grounding and considered synthesis of the research.