Download or read book Athenian Ostracism and its Original Purpose written by Marek Węcowski and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-17 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ostracism is by far the most emblematic institution of ancient Athenian democracy. This volume offers a reassessment of recently found ostraka (or potsherds, on which the names of the 'candidates' for exile were inscribed by citizens) from several Greek cities outside Athens, a thorough reconstruction of the history and of the procedure of ostracism in Athens, and a comprehensive account of the political circumstances of the introduction of the law on ostracism by Cleisthenes in 508/507 BCE. Marek Węcowski's original study focuses not only on the final stage, the day of the vote, but on the entire operation and procedure of ostracisation. Tracing the logic of the political play in Athens between the opening and final stages of ostracism, Węcowski argues that Athenian ostracism was a mechanism devised to impose compromise on the main players in Athenian political life, thereby avoiding the punishment of political elites by exile of leading politicians resulting from unpredictable votes by the citizenry. To support this hypothesis, Węcowski turns to the theory of the 'evolution of cooperation' as formulated by the American mathematician and political scientist Robert Axelrod based on the iterated prisoner's dilemma in game theory, applied as a probabilistic analogy to the dynamics of Athenian political life under democracy.
Download or read book Exile Ostracism and Democracy written by Sara Forsdyke and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-10 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the cultural and political significance of ostracism in democratic Athens. In contrast to previous interpretations, Sara Forsdyke argues that ostracism was primarily a symbolic institution whose meaning for the Athenians was determined both by past experiences of exile and by its role as a context for the ongoing negotiation of democratic values. The first part of the book demonstrates the strong connection between exile and political power in archaic Greece. In Athens and elsewhere, elites seized power by expelling their rivals. Violent intra-elite conflict of this sort was a highly unstable form of "politics that was only temporarily checked by various attempts at elite self-regulation. A lasting solution to the problem of exile was found only in the late sixth century during a particularly intense series of violent expulsions. At this time, the Athenian people rose up and seized simultaneously control over decisions of exile and political power. The close connection between political power and the power of expulsion explains why ostracism was a central part of the democratic reforms. Forsdyke shows how ostracism functioned both as a symbol of democratic power and as a key term in the ideological justification of democratic rule. Crucial to the author's interpretation is the recognition that ostracism was both a remarkably mild form of exile and one that was infrequently used. By analyzing the representation of exile in Athenian imperial decrees, in the works of Herodotus, Thucydides, Plato, Aristotle, and in tragedy and oratory, Forsdyke shows how exile served as an important term in the debate about the best form of rule.
Download or read book The Origin of Ostracism written by Rudi Thomsen and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exile Ostracism and Democracy written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the cultural and political significance of ostracism in democratic Athens. In contrast to previous interpretations, Sara Forsdyke argues that ostracism was primarily a symbolic institution whose meaning for the Athenians was determined.
Download or read book A History of Ostracism written by Wilbur Dee Fear and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Athenian Democratic Origins written by Geoffrey de Ste. Croix and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these interconnected essays the late Geoffrey de Ste. Croix defends the institutions of the Athenian democracy, showing that they were much more practical, rational, and impartial than has usually been acknowledged. A major essay provides a new view of Aristotle's use of sources in The Constitution of the Athenians, on which so much of our knowledge of Athenian constitutional history depends. Ste. Croix also argues that commercial factors had much less influence on Greek politics than modern scholars tend to assume, and that there was no such thing in any Greek state as a `commercial aristocracy'. As always, he works out these general positions with the utmost lucidity and pungency, and in meticulous detail. Though written in the 1960s, these hitherto unpublished essays by a great radical historian will still constitute a major contribution to contemporary debate. The editors and other specialists have supplied an updating Afterword to each chapter, and the book contains a thorough index.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece written by Nigel Guy Wilson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining every aspect of the culture from antiquity to the founding of Constantinople in the early Byzantine era, this thoroughly cross-referenced and fully indexed work is written by an international group of scholars. This Encyclopedia is derived from the more broadly focused Encyclopedia of Greece and the Hellenic Tradition, the highly praised two-volume work. Newly edited by Nigel Wilson, this single-volume reference provides a comprehensive and authoritative guide to the political, cultural, and social life of the people and to the places, ideas, periods, and events that defined ancient Greece.
Download or read book Pericles and the Conquest of History written by Loren J. Samons, II and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-05 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the most famous and important political leader in Athenian history, Pericles has featured prominently in descriptions and analysis of Athenian democracy from antiquity to the present day. Although contemporary historians have tended to treat him as representative of values like liberty and equality, Loren J. Samons, II demonstrates that the quest to make Athens the preeminent power in Greece served as the central theme of Pericles' career. More nationalist than humanist and less rationalist than populist, Pericles' vision for Athens rested on the establishment of an Athenian reputation for military success and the citizens' willingness to sacrifice in the service of this goal. Despite his own aristocratic (if checkered) ancestry, Pericles offered the common and collective Athenian people the kind of fame previously available only to heroes and nobleman, a goal made all the more attractive because of the Athenians' defensiveness about Athens' lackluster early history.
Download or read book Cleisthenes and Class written by Bryant Carl Ahrenberg and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reforms of Cleisthenes, the introduction of a state-run navy, and the genesis of democracy were all occurring simultaneously in Athens between 510 and 480 BCE., yet all three components are rarely discussed at the same time despite going hand-in-hand. This study will examine the introduction of ostracism, the origins of the Athenian navy, and the overall impact that these sweeping changes had on both the politicians in charge of Athens and the people that were rowing the ships, fighting the battles, and casting the ostraca. Through close-textual analysis, the individual texts and fragments will be examined to highlight class inequality, determine the intended purpose of these reforms, discuss their background and necessity, and show how the upper-class still came out on top by changing the system to suit their own needs even if the reforms were introduced to limit their power or ability to do so. It will show that ostracism originated with Cleisthenes, and he intended it to be used to check the power of tyrants due to his, and his tribes', experience dealing with them but did not fall victim to the practice himself. It will show that ostracism came in political waves, with the first in the 480s following a period of medism induced panic started by Hippias' return and Miltiades' failure at Paros which allowed an individual, most likely Themistocles, to eliminate powerful enemies by harnessing this xenophobia but ultimately met the same fate after he allowed the ostracised to return hoping to avoid a situation similar to Hippias. It will be shown that the socioeconomics of warfare can be examined through word usage in Herodotus, demonstrating the class inequalities, especially regarding those rowing the ships in comparison to their infantry counterparts. And finally, it will be shown that Cleisthenes' reforms regarding the Strategoi and the Polemarchos were also made in order to spread power away from one individual, but this too backfired as more influential phylae were able to wrestle power away from weaker tribes and influence control over the strategoi through double, and sometimes triple, representation.
Download or read book The Athenian Agora written by American School of Classical Studies at Athens and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Democracy in Crisis written by Jeff Miller and published by Andrews UK Limited. This book was released on 2021-12-23 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The storming of the US Capitol building in January 2021 focused attention on the multiple threats facing contemporary liberal democracies. Beyond the immediate problem of Covid-19, the past two decades saw political polarization, a dramatic rise in inequality, global warming and other environmental threats, as well as the growth of dangerous cultural and political divisions. Western liberal democracies find themselves in the midst of what political theorists call a legitimation crisis: major portions of the population lack confidence in the ability of governments to address our most pressing problems. This distrust in government and traditional political parties opened the door to populist leaders and a rising tide of authoritarianism. Liberal democracies face major structural and normative challenges in the near future that require us to look beyond the traditional set of solutions available. Democracy in Crisis points back to the world's first democratic government, Ancient Athens, to see what made that political arrangement durable and resistant to both internal and external threats. The argument focuses on several distinctive Athenian institutions and practices, and considers how we might reimagine them in the modern world. The book addresses questions of civic ideology and institutions, with extended treatment of two distinctive Athenian institutions, ostracism and sortition.
Download or read book The Rise And Fall of Athens written by Plutarch and published by Random House. This book was released on 2024-02-29 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutarch traces the fortunes of Athens through nine lives - from Theseus, its founder, to Lysander, its Spartan conqueror - in this seminal work What makes a leader? For Plutarch the answer lay not in great victories, but in moral strengths. In these nine biographies, taken from his Parallel Lives, Plutarch illustrates the rise and fall of Athens through nine lives, from the legendary days of Theseus, the city's founder, through Solon, Themistocles, Aristides, Cimon, Pericles, Nicias and Alcibiades, to the razing of its walls by Lysander. Plutarch ultimately held the weaknesses of its leaders responsible for the city's fall. His work is invaluable for its imaginative reconstruction of the past, and profound insights into human life and achievement. This edition of Ian Scott-Kilvert's seminal translation, fully revised with a new introduction and notes by John Marincola, now also contains Plutarch's attack on the first historian, 'On the Malice of Herodotus'.
Download or read book Ritualised Friendship and the Greek City written by Gabriel Herman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new interpretation of Greek xenia, or 'guest-friendship'.
Download or read book Athenian Constitutional History written by Georg Friedrich Schömann and published by . This book was released on 1878 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Athenian Democratic Origins written by Geoffrey de Ste. Croix and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a defence of the Athenian democracy by a great radical historian. Geoffrey de Ste. Croix shows how even its oddest features made sense, and illustrates the different factors influencing Athenian politics - for instance, trade and commercial interests mattered very little. Though written in the 1960s, these hitherto unpublished essays remain fresh and innovative.
Download or read book OCR Ancient History GCSE Component 1 written by Sam Baddeley and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-13 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is endorsed by OCR and supports the specification for GCSE Ancient History (first teaching September 2017). It covers the whole of Component 1, both the compulsory Period Study and the three optional Depth Studies: Period Study: The Persian Empire, 559–465 BC by James Renshaw Depth Study: From Tyranny to Democracy, 546–483 BC by Sam Baddeley Depth Study: Athens in the Age of Pericles, 462–429 BC by Paul Fowler and James Renshaw Depth Study: Alexander the Great, 356–323 BC by Lucy Nicholas Was propaganda Persia's greatest weapon? How did Athens create democracy? Does Pericles' Athens deserve to be remembered as civilised or barbaric? How did Alexander dominate the ancient world by the age of 32? This book raises these and other key questions. GCSE students and their teachers will explore key political and social developments of the Greek and Persian worlds through the eyes of ancient historians and archaeology. This book invites us to look at ancient societies in a new light and helps explain the development of the modern world. The ideal preparation for the final examinations, all content is presented by experts and experienced teachers in a clear and accessible narrative. Ancient literary and visual sources are described and analysed, with supporting images. Helpful student features include study questions, further reading, and boxes focusing in on key people, events and terms. Practice questions and exam guidance prepare students for assessment. A Companion Website is available at www.bloomsbury.com/anc-hist-gcse.
Download or read book The Development of the Athenian Constitution written by George Willis Botsford and published by . This book was released on 1893 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
