Download or read book Assessment of Atmospheric Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition Critical Loads for Aquatic and Terrestrial Resources on National Forest System Lands in the Intermountain Region written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical load (CL) is a science-based threshold that identifies the amount of pollutant deposition below which no significant ecological harm to an ecosystem component is expected. This report provides baseline critical load (CL) analyses for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) as required under the 2012 Planning Rule for forest plan assessments. The data also can be used to inform land management decisions where the effects of N and S deposition are relevant, including the evaluation of large projects through the National Environmental Policy Act, Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permitting program, wilderness monitoring, and watershed condition. Significant portions of the USDA Forest Service system lands in the Intermountain Region are exposed to N deposition levels that exceed CLs. Areas in exceedance have an increased risk of negative ecological effects. Nine of the 12 National Forests within the Intermountain Region have areas that exceed CLs for surface water acidification and therefore are at higher risk for declines in abundance and diversity of aquatic species. All 12 National Forests have areas that exceed CLs for surface water eutrophication, lichen species richness, forage lichen abundance, and tree species growth rate and probability of survival (over 10 years). In areas with increased risk of surface water eutrophication, competitive interactions and community structure of primary producers can shift and cause compounding effects within the food web. Diversity and abundance of key aquatic species may decrease to the point of extirpation. Areas that exceed CLs for lichen species richness and forage lichen abundance have an increased risk to experience reduced diversity, occurrence, and abundance of lichen species which can negatively affect other biota such as mammals, birds, and invertebrates, that rely on lichens for food, shelter, and camouflage. Areas with an increased risk for declines in tree growth rate and probability of survival may experience a change in the composition of forest communities.
Download or read book Approaches for Estimating Critical Loads of Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition for Forest Ecosystems on U S Federal Lands written by Linda H. Pardo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Projected emissions of sulfur and nitrogen are expected to have continuing negative impacts on forests, in spite of reductions in sulfur emissions as a result of SO2 control programs. Sulfur and nitrogen emissions present serious long-term threats to forest health and productivity in the United States. This report is intended to explain the differences in approaches for calculating critical loads for forest ecosystems in Europe, Canada, and the United States; it is directed to air quality regulators and Federal Land Managers (FLMs) in the United States, and addresses concerns particular to U.S. Federal lands. The paper describes the basic mass balance approach for calculating critical loads, presents the various critical thresholds, and explains the assumptions inherent in the calculation and data selection procedure. The input necessary from FLMs in the process of estimating the critical load is described.
Download or read book Assessment of Nitrogen Deposition Effects and Empirical Critical Loads of Nitrogen for Ecoregions of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report synthesizes current research relating atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition to effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the United States and to identify empirical critical loads for atmospheric N deposition. The report evaluates the following receptors: freshwater diatoms, mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microbes, lichens, herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. The main responses reported fell into two categories: (1) biogeochemical; and (2) individual species, population, and community responses. The range of critical loads for nutrient N reported for U.S. ecoregions, inland surface waters, and freshwater wetlands is presented. This range spans the range of N deposition observed over most of the country. The empirical critical loads for N tend to increase in the following sequence for four different life forms: diatoms, lichens and bryophytes, mycorrhizal fungi, herbaceous plants, shrubs, trees.
Download or read book Air Pollution and Its Impacts on U S National Parks written by Timothy J. Sullivan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of air pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere from human-caused and natural emissions sources throughout the United States and elsewhere. These contaminants impact sensitive natural resources in wilderness, including the national parks. The system of national parks in the United States is among our greatest assets. This book provides a compilation and synthesis of current scientific understanding regarding the causes and effects of these pollutants within national park lands. It describes pollutant emissions, deposition, and exposures; it identifies the critical (tipping point) loads of pollutant deposition at which adverse impacts are manifested.
Download or read book Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition to Global Forests written by Enzai Du and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-10-22 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in Global Forests: Spatial Variation, Impacts, and Management Implications provides the most comprehensive knowledge on spatial variation and ecological impacts of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests, as well as forest management options to mitigate the negative impacts. Written and edited by international experts in the field, this book synthesizes recent research developments and insights in monitoring and modeling nitrogen deposition in global forests. The book also assesses ecological impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition on forest structure and function and responses of forest ecosystems to decreasing nitrogen deposition in regions such as the European Union and North America. Finally, the book reviews indicators and thresholds for nitrogen saturation in global forests and analyzes remediation options to reduce impacts of excess nitrogen deposition. This is an important resource for researchers in forestry and biodiversity conservation, as well as graduate students, policymakers and others who want to understand environmental issues of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests. Offers a systematic view of the ecological impacts of enhanced nitrogen deposition Provides the most comprehensive knowledge on spatial variation and the ecological impacts of reactive nitrogen deposition in global forests Presents expert research and findings on forest management options to remediate negative impacts
Download or read book Spatial Variation of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition and Critical Loads for Aquatic Ecosystems in the Greater Yellowstone Area written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Craig District White River Kremmling and Little Snake Resource Areas written by United States. Bureau of Land Management. Craig District and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measuring Critical Loads of Nitrogen Deposition in the U S written by Rebecca G. Nisley and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution is a serious environmental and public health problem resulting from emissions by power and industrial plants, motor vehicles, and agriculture. Sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) emissions are two components of air pollution and cause wide-ranging, long-term threats to the health of forest, range, and wetland ecosystems. Sulfur and nitrogen gas emissions can combine with moisture in the air to become acidic molecules that fall to earth as acid deposition (commonly called acid rain, fog, or snow). Most pollution control efforts have focused on sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions and these efforts have shown some positive results, with a measurable reduction in acidity of some lakes and wetlands. Negative impacts of nitrogen in deposition were overlooked because nitrogen is usually thought of as a fertilizer or a S2good thing.S3 This is not always the case: Elevated N availability can also result in nutrient imbalances that increase plant susceptibility to stressors such as cold, drought, or pests. For example, winter injury in high-elevation red spruce can be attributed to elevated N. The most serious effect of excess N, however, is the alteration of ecosystem diversity. In most terrestrial ecosystems in the United States, plant growth is limited by nitrogen availability. Thus, when additional nitrogen is added to an ecosystem, native plants (those that are original to a site) may lose their competitive edge. The excess nitrogen allows other plants (which often are nonnative invasive species that do not thrive in low nitrogen) to out-compete native plants and thus alter the species composition of an ecosystem. For example, in Joshua Tree National Park in southern California, N deposition favors the production of sufficient invasive grass biomass to sustain fires that threaten the survival of the namesake species.
Download or read book Global Sulfur and Nitrogen Depositions written by Jiani Tan (Researcher in civil engineering) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing nitrogen (N) emissions caused by human activities lead to elevations of N deposition in the ecosystems. And excessive N deposition is associated with a host of environmental issues. This study investigates several issues about N deposition. First, we map the global distribution of N deposition with ensemble results of several global climate models. The model predictions of N wet deposition generally agree well with site observations over North America, Europe and East Asia, but model underestimation of NH4+ wet deposition exists over all three regions. And more studies are required for measurement-poor regions, some of which happen to be the most heavily polluted regions (i.e. China and India). Then, we investigate the two predominant drivers of future N deposition: anthropogenic emissions and climate changes. We examine the effectiveness of emission control on reducing N deposition over United States via modelling approach. NH3 emission abatement is not likely to cause significant reduction of reduced forms of nitrogen (NHx̳) deposition, owing to the current atmospheric level of gas-phase NH3. Long-range transport of air pollutants, as a potential impact of climate changes, increases the N burden on low emission intensity regions (i.e. Russia), coastal regions and Open Ocean, especially on those in the downwind regions of intensive emission sources. The impacts of excessive N deposition on terrestrial ecosystems are assessed by critical loads (CL), which is a threshold to show the natural capability on bearing N deposition. We collect several CLs from literature, and most of them were developed on regional scale (i.e. United States, Europe and China). In the practice of applying these datasets to access the exceedance of CLs, we find large uncertainties related to the land type classification, which may challenge the interpolation of results. We conduct a preliminary study on the deposition of phosphorus (P). The switches of nutrient limitation patterns from N-limited to P-limited by many ecosystems, due to inputs of N by human activities, draw the public attention on P deposition. But the lack of long-term measurement data and uncertainty on major parameters in the numerical simulations limit our understanding on the P budget.
Download or read book Spatial and Temporal Effects of Atmospheric Deposition Climate and Land Management on Forest Nutrient Cycling and Biodiversity written by Todd C. McDonnell and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emissions largely associated with the combustion of fossil fuels and agriculture has caused elevated atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) throughout much of the developed world. Increased atmospheric deposition of N and S can lead to soil and surface water acidification and affect forest soil nutrient supply. The critical load (CL) of atmospheric deposition is the level of deposition below which significant harm to ecosystems is not likely to occur. The critical load provides an understanding of the extent to which terrestrial and aquatic systems may be affected by air pollution at present or in the future. This research implements novel methods for generating CL estimates of N and S deposition and evaluates spatial and temporal trends in soil chemistry and plant biodiversity with respect to future climate and land management scenarios. Results are presented in the context of chemical thresholds known to be associated with adverse impacts to terrestrial and aquatic biota of the southern Appalachian Mountains and high elevation Colorado Rocky Mountains.
Download or read book Critical Loads of Sulfur and Nitrogen and Modeled Effects of Deposition Reduction for Forested Ecosystems of Great Smoky Mountainins National Park written by Linda H. Pardo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Loads of Sulfur and Nitrogen and Modeled Effects of Deposition Reduction for Forested Ecosystems of Great Smoky Mountainins National Park written by Linda H. Pardo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drinking Water from Forests and Grasslands written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Deposition Levels of Sulfur and Nitrogen Required to Protect Aquatic Resources in Selected Sensitive Regions of North America written by Timothy J. Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coronado National Forest Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition written by Jennifer Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric N deposition is becoming a stressor on ecosystems in the western U.S. There are few National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) monitoring sites and little is known about N deposition impacts on terrestrial ecosystems in the Intermountain West. Alpine ecosystems may be particularly sensitive to changes in N inputs because of the shallow soils, short growing seasons, and sparse plant cover. This study focused on N deposition effects on an alpine ecosystem in Grand Teton National Park located along a modeled N deposition gradient (Moose Basin high, Paint Brush Medium, Rendezvous Mtn. low) and across contrasting edaphic conditions using a two factorial design. At each location, we estimated N deposition and measured soil moisture and temperature across edaphic conditions, soil parameters (total and extractable N, available N, net mineralization, and nitrification potential), and plant community characteristics (species richness, species composition, percent cover, plant and root biomass, N content, and above and below ground plant components). These response variables were used to test whether there is a north to south N deposition gradient, if N deposition and N status are affected by soil moisture content, and whether soil and/or plant properties were affected by N deposition and edaphic conditions and if the response variables can serve as indicators as early warning signs of N saturation. The Tetons receive 1.42 kg N ha-1 yr-1 with more in winter (0.85-1.17 kg N ha-1 yr-1) than during the summer (0.25 kg N ha-1 yr-1). Soil moisture content was related to snowpack accumulations and melt but did not affect N status. Moose Basin (i.e., high N deposition) showed characteristics of an N-rich site shown by higher soil N content and extractable soil NH4 +, higher nitrification potential, low C:N ratios, more aboveground biomass, and higher foliar N content compared to the RDV location. Rendezvous Mountain (i.e., low N deposition) showed characteristics of an N-poor site having lower soil extractable N, high C:N ratios in soil and roots, and low N mineralization potential. Paint Brush was highly variable in soil and plant characteristics and most clearly showed differences between wet and dry sites. In terms of N status, it was intermediate and shared similarities with both N-poor and N-rich sites. This study shows that it is important to consider both soil and plant indicators (i.e., total and extractable N in soils, soil nitrification potential, above and below-ground biomass, and N content) together to assess N status. The C:N ratio of plants and soils was less informative than anticipated. Species richness and composition was a less sensitive indicator of N-induced change and should be considered for long-term assessments only.
