Download or read book The Idle Threat written by Brenna L. Schnars and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continual developments in the Iranian nuclear program have caused increased concern not only for the United States but the majority of the international community as well. While several rounds of United Nations sanctions have been placed on Iran, this has not deterred it from continuing its nuclear advancements. The United States has publicly announced that it does not support Iran's developing nuclear program and will inflict measures to ensure that it discontinues these advances. While these measures have not been clearly defined, Iran has stated that hostile actions taken by the international community, specifically the United States or Israel may result in the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. While Iran has used this threat in the past, primarily in the Iraq-Iran War its full strength has never come to fruition. This thesis aims to determine whether closing the Strait of Hormuz is a viable option as an Iranian retaliation mechanism against increased sanctions from the international community and the United States or a direct attack from either Israel or the United States by analyzing the economic, strategic, and military consequences for Iran, the United States and the Gulf Cooperation Council States.
Download or read book Assessing the Iranian threat to the Strait of Hormuz written by Caitlin Talmadge and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closure of the Strait of Hormuz by Iran tops the list of global energy security nightmares. Roughly 90 percent of all Arabian Gulf oil leaves the region via tankers that must pass through this narrow waterway opposite the Iranian coast. Extended closure of the Strait would remove roughly a quarter of the world's oil from the market, causing a supply shock of the type not seen for a long time and could ultimately cause oil prices to rise substantially. Yet could Iran close the Strait of Hormuz? What might provoke Iran to take an action so contrary to its own economic interests? Does Iran possess the military capability needed to engage in a campaign in the Strait, and what might such a campaign look like? Moreover, what actions would the US military take to defend the Strait in such an event and what would be the likely cost, time span and outcome of such efforts? This study attempts to answer these questions systematically. It seeks to assess the Iranian threat to the Strait of Hormuz, whether by closing it completely or merely disrupting traffic, and the US capability to deter and remove the Iranian threat. The study analyzes the military capabilities of both parties and envisages the likely scenarios and outcomes of a potential Iranian-American conflict in the Strait. - ECSSR.
Download or read book Iran s Threat to the Strait of Hormuz written by Kenneth Katzman and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2012-04-28 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some officials of the Islamic Republic of Iran have recently renewed threats to close or exercise control over the Strait of Hormuz. This report explains Iranian threats to the Strait of Hormuz, and analyzes the implications of some scenarios for potential U.S. or international conflict with Iran, which include: outright closure of the Strait, harassment and/or infrastructure damage, and continued threat.
Download or read book Iran s Threat to the Strait of Hormuz written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some officials of the Islamic Republic of Iran have recently renewed threats to close or exercise control over the Strait of Hormuz. Iran's threats appear to have been prompted by the likely imposition of new multilateral sanctions targeting Iran's economic lifeline -- the export of oil and other energy products. In the past, Iranian leaders have made similar threats and comments when the country's oil exports have been threatened. However, as in the past, the prospect of a major disruption of maritime traffic in the Strait risks damaging Iranian interests. U.S. and allied military capabilities in the region remain formidable. This makes a prolonged outright closure of the Strait appear unlikely. Nevertheless, such threats can and do raise tensions in global energy markets and leave the United States and other global oil consumers to consider the risks of another potential conflict in the Middle East. This report explains Iranian threats to the Strait of Hormuz, and analyzes the implications of some scenarios for potential U.S. or international conflict with Iran.
Download or read book Iran and the Strait of Hormuz written by James M. Esquivel and published by . This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran's rearmament program has invited an array of interpretations of its current military capability to close or interdict the Strait of Hormuz (SOH) . The fighting in the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), drove Iran's military forces down to minimal levels of equipment while increasing institutional disorganization. Air and ground assets ended the war in the poorest condition. Iran chose to rearm these forces first. However, in 1992, the focus widened to include the rebuilding of the Navy and those military assets physically near the Strait of Hormuz. This enlarged emphasis expanded Iranian military capacity to again challenge shipping transiting the SOH. With its new naval acquisitions, Iran is an increased threat to the interests of its neighbors and the West, particularly the United States. Now, the ultimate challenge for decisionmakers and strategic planners alike lies in accurately assessing the ability of Iranian forces to attempt to and, if possible, keep the Strait of Hormuz closed.
Download or read book Iran s Military Forces and Warfighting Capabilities written by Anthony H. Cordesman and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2007-09-30 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nations around the world are uncertain and anxious about Iran's intentions in the Middle East and the wider global arena. Its current president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, has made no secret of his opposition to Western society, particularly Israel, and his desire to acquire nuclear weapons. However, as Anthony H. Cordesman and Martin Kleiber point out, Ahmadinejad does not necessarily speak for the Iranian clerical regime, who operate in a cloud of secrecy and also directly control Iran's military. Given the ambiguous nature of Iran's global objectives, this new study focuses on the tangible aspects of Iran's military forces and takes an objective look at the realistic threats that Iran poses to the region and the world. The authors systematically assess each aspect of Iranian military forces from their conventional armies to their asymmetric threat via proxy wars in the region. Much attention in national security debates is paid to Iran's intentions without first understanding its capabilities. Lacking such a fundamental understanding, much of this speculation tends to be wasted and irrelevant to what could actually happen in the event of a conflict. Cordesman and Kleiber's study provides, in meticulous detail, a basis for understanding the realistic threat that Iran poses to the Northern Gulf.
Download or read book Deterrence Vs Assurance written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the U.S. Navy's current strategy in the Persian Gulf and assesses which aspect of that strategy--deterrence or assurance--makes a more significant contribution to regional stability in the greater Middle East region. This research draws from two cases: the Navy's deterrence-based strategy surrounding Iranian aggression toward the Strait of Hormuz and the Navy's assurance-based strategy using Saudi Arabia as an example. The findings indicate that Iran poses little threat to the Strait of Hormuz for various economic and military reasons, suggesting that perhaps the Navy's policy of deterring Iran through the presence of warships is misguided and unnecessary. Alternatively, providing assurance to Saudi Arabia seems to have a positive impact on regional stability. If the Navy seeks to use its warships as a stabilizing force in the region, it should restructure its strategy and employ ships in ways that provide assurance, not deterrence.I. INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE RESEARCH QUESTION * C. LITERATURE REVIEW * 1. Deterrence * 2. Assurance * 3. Literature Review Conclusion * D. POTENTIAL EXPLANATIONS AND HYPOTHESIS * 1. First Hypothesis * 2. Second Hypothesis * 3. Third Hypothesis * E. RESEARCH DESIGN * II. IRANIAN THREATS TOWARD STRAIT OF HORMUZ * A. HISTORICAL CONTEXT AND POLITICAL BACKGROUND * 1. 1953 Coup d'etat * 2. 1979 Iranian Revolution and Anti-Western Sentiment * B. THREATS IN THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ * 1. U.S. Response * 2. Iran's Actions * III. ALTERNATE EXPLANATIONS * A. ECONOMIC * 1. Oil Exports * 2. Other Exports * 3. Imports * B. POLITICAL * 1. International Pressure * 2. Nuclear Program * C. MILITARY * 1. Feasibility * 2. International Military Response * IV. ASSURANCE AND SAUDI ARABIA * A. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND POLITICAL CONTEXT * B. SOURCES OF ASSURANCE * 1. Bilateral Agreements and Arms Sales * 2. Naval Exercises and Partnerships * 3. Missile Defense * V. BENEFITS OF ASSURANCE IN SAUDI ARABIA * A. MILITARY BUILDUP AND SECURITY DILEMMA * B. NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION * VI. CONCLUSIONS * A. FINDINGS * 1. Deterrence * 2. Assurance * B. IMPLICATIONS
Download or read book BYPASSING IRAN written by Ordwin I. Wright and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some officials of Iran have recently renewed threats to close or exercise control over the Strait of Hormuz. Iran's threats appear to have been prompted by the likely imposition of new multilateral sanctions targeting Iran's economic lifeline - the export of oil and other energy products. In the past, Iranian leaders have made similar threats and comments when the country's oil exports have been threatened. However, as in the past, the prospect of a major disruption of maritime traffic in the Strait risks damaging Iranian interests. U.S. and allied military capabilities in the region remain formidable. This makes a prolonged outright closure of the Strait appear unlikely. Nevertheless, such threats can and do raise tensions in global energy markets and leave the United States and other global oil consumers to consider the risks of another potential conflict in the Middle East. This book examines the Iranian threats to the Strait of Hormuz and analyses the implications of some scenarios for potential U.S. or international conflict with Iran.
Download or read book Iranian Naval Forces A Tale of Two Navies written by Office of Naval Intelligence (U S ) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017-06-21 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated resource provides a more comprehensive history, including: Iran's Persian imperial past, the spread of Islam, and the Iran-Iraq War The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Navy (IRGCN) emphasizes an asymetric doctrine to ensure national security in the Persian Gulf against regional neighbors and foreign presence. The Islamic Republic of Iran Navy (IRIN) employs a more conventional doctrine and focuses on forward presence and naval diplomacy. Both navies have considerable equities and are well positioned to influence and leverage the Strait of Hormuz; a vital chokepoint for the flow of resources and international commerce. Illustrated with organizational charts, and photos of key Iranian leaders, including commanders within the Navy Command and Control Leadership, as well as rank insignia graphics, maps, ships, aircrafts, missile images, and more. Check out ourMiddle East resources collection for more resources on this topic. You may also be interested in ourForeign Military History collection Other products produced by theUnited States Navy
Download or read book Iran s Threats the Strait of Hormuz and Oil Markets written by Ratner and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Iran Military Power written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Iranian Sea air missile Threat to Gulf Shipping written by Anthony H. Cordesman and published by CSIS Reports. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arabian Gulf is now involved in a massive arms race, triggered largely by the fear that Iran will try to use its military forces to intimidate or dominate its neighbors. Iran has threatened to close the Gulf and carried out a wide range of large military exercises to show its capabilities. And Iran has steadily increased its ability to exploit the threat of conventional and asymmetric warfare to maritime traffic in the Gulf. The buildup of Iran s naval, air, and missile capabilities poses a wide range of threats to maritime traffic into and outside of the Gulf."
Download or read book Containing Iran written by Robert J. Reardon and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran's nuclear program is one of this century's principal foreign policy challenges. Despite U.S., Israeli, and allied efforts, Iran has an extensive enrichment program and likely has the technical capacity to produce at least one nuclear bomb if it so chose. This study assesses U.S. policy options, identifies a way forward, and considers how the United States might best mitigate the negative international effects of a nuclear-armed Iran.
Download or read book Getting Ready for Nuclear Ready Iran written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little more than a year ago, the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center (NPEC) completed its initial analysis of Iran's nuclear program, Checking Iran's Nuclear Ambitions. Since then, Tehran's nuclear activities and public diplomacy have only affirmed what this analysis first suggested: Iran is not about to give up its effort to make nuclear fuel and, thereby, come within days of acquiring a nuclear bomb. Iran's continued pursuit of uranium enrichment and plutonium recycling puts a premium on asking what a more confident nuclear-ready Iran might confront us with and what we might do now to hedge against these threats. These questions are the focus of this volume. The book is divided into four parts. The first presents the endings of the NPEC's working group on Iran. It reflects interviews with government officials and outside specialists and the work of some 20 regional security experts whom NPEC convened in Washington to discuss the commissioned research that is contained in this book. Some of this report's endings to keep Iran and others from overtly deploying nuclear weapons or leaving the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) are beginning to gain official support. The U.S. Government, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and an increasing number of allies now support the idea that states that violate the NPT be held accountable for their transgressions, even if they should withdraw from the treaty. There also has been increased internal governmental discussion about the need to clarify what should be permitted under the rubric of "peaceful" nuclear energy as delineated under the NPT. The remaining report recommendations, which were presented in testimony before Congress in March of 2005, remain to be acted upon.
Download or read book The Gulf Military Balance written by Anthony H. Cordesman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States faces major challenges in dealing with Iran, the threat of terrorism, and the tide of political instability in the Arabian Peninsula. The presence of some of the world’s largest reserves of oil and natural gas, vital shipping lanes, and Shia populations throughout the region have made the peninsula the focal point of US and Iranian strategic competition. Moreover, large youth populations, high unemployment rates, and political systems with highly centralized power bases have posed other economic, political, and security challenges that the Gulf states must address and that the United States must take into consideration when forming strategy and policy.
Download or read book The Perils of Amateur Strategy written by Sir Gerald Francis Ellison and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Den britiske generalløjtnant, der på et tidspunkt var stabschef for 'the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force', 1915, der mente, at politikere ikke var i stand til at beskæftige sig med såvel land- som sømilitær strategi, illustrerer dette ved at fremhæve katastrofen for briterne med deres angreb på dardanellerfæstningerne i 1915.
Download or read book The Iranian Sea Air Missile Threat to Gulf Shipping written by Anthony H. Cordesman and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arabian Gulf is now involved in a massive arms race, triggered largely by the fear that Iran will try to use its military forces to intimidate or dominate its neighbors. Iran has threatened to close the Gulf and carried out a wide range of large military exercises to show its capabilities. And Iran has steadily increased its ability to exploit the threat of conventional and asymmetric warfare to maritime traffic in the Gulf. The buildup of Iran’s naval, air, and missile capabilities poses a wide range of threats to maritime traffic into and outside of the Gulf.
