Download or read book Assessing household vulnerability to climate change written by Temesgen T. Deressa, Rashid M. Hassan, Claudia Ringler and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Farm households in Egypt A typology for assessing vulnerability to climate change written by Nin-Pratt, Alejandro and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-09-06 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using governorate-level national data and household survey data, we build a typology of farm households in Egypt that allows us to describe how different farm households behave in response to policy and environmental changes affecting their resources, welfare, and opportunities in output and input markets. One of the major contributions of this study is the building of a unique dataset that combines various data sources at different levels of aggregation, providing the information needed to model the farm typology. We used this dataset as the input of a multi-step procedure that includes the use of principal components and cluster analyses to identify 14 household types. To illustrate possible uses of the typology, we look at the vulnerability of the different types of households to projected changes in temperature, water availability, and water demand from crops due to climate change, and discuss which farmers, production systems, and regions will be most affected by climate shocks. We assumed that increased temperatures by 2050 would result in increased water demand and reduced yields for most crops due to heat stress and harsher growing conditions. We define three climate change scenarios that differ in the expected water flows of the Nile into the Aswan High Dam. Results of simulations using a household model suggest that Egypt is likely to experience a significant reduction in output, agricultural labor demand, and cultivated area because of climate change, although the severity of this outcome will depend on the magnitude of changes in the Nile’s flow. Most affected by these changes will be small and average households producing field crops. Our results suggest that to mitigate the risks and possible future impacts of climate change, the country will need to: Move away from policies supporting production of cereals and water-inefficient crops towards diversification of production into water-efficient high-value crops; facilitate the access of skilled resource-poor producers to capital and markets; and create opportunities for off-farm employment and income for smallholders that are using resources inefficiently.
Download or read book Shock Waves written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
Download or read book A situational analysis of agricultural production and marketing and natural resources management systems in northwest Vietnam written by International Livestock Research Institute and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adaptation Policy Frameworks for Climate Change written by Ian Burton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-15 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptation is a process by which individuals, communities and countries seek to cope with the consequences of climate change. The process of adaptation is not new; the idea of incorporating future climate risk into policy-making is. While our understanding of climate change and its potential impacts has become clearer, the availability of practical guidance on adaptation has not kept pace. The development of the Adaptation Policy Framework (APF) is intended to help provide the rapidly evolving process of adaptation policy-making with a much-needed roadmap. Ultimately, the purpose of the APF is to support adaptation processes to protect - and enhance - human well-being in the face of climate change. This volume will be invaluable for everyone working on climate change adaptation and policy-making.
Download or read book A Systems Approach to Analyze Household Vulnerability to Food Insecurity in Rural Southern Mali Using a Spatially explicit Integrated Social and Biophysical Model written by Rajiv Paudel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mali is expected to be profoundly impacted by climate change. Its mid-century temperature could increase by 2°C, which could have detrimental impacts on crop production. Besides, northern Mali is currently highly arid is not suitable for agriculture. The South has the responsibility to feed the national population. However, the region is experiencing rapid population growth. Mali is likely to struggle to feed its growing population under climate change. Food production and food security in the South have a wider influence on the national food supply. Food security lies at the interface of biophysical, climatic, and socio-economic systems and demands a systemic approach for evaluation. Using a biophysical crop model with an agent-based model of household food systems, we capture the dynamics within and across multiple associated systems. We focus in the South and use multidisciplinary tools to explore the trajectories of household food security under climate change and population growth in the region.The dissertation is organized into three research papers. Paper 1, entitled "A Largely Unsupervised Domain-Independent Qualitative Data Extraction Approach for Empirical Agent-based Model Development.", focuses on exploring household food systems and identifying actors of household food security and their behaviors. Chiefly, we aim to extract the information needed to develop an ABM of household food systems. We apply largely automatic efficient approaches for information extraction from contextually rich qualitative field narratives. Using a combination of semantics and syntactic Natural Language Processing, we identify actors (agents) of household food security, their properties, and actions and interactions responsible for household food supply. The data extraction is primarily unsupervised and, apart from being efficient, it controls manual manipulation and bias introduction in the model development. We use the extracted information for developing a contextual model of household food security. Finally, we subject the model to stakeholder evaluation for credibility and validity.Paper 2, entitled "Analyzing household vulnerability to food insecurity in rural southern Mali - a coupled biophysical and social model approach", combines a biophysical process-based crop model with an ABM of household food system to analyze household vulnerability to food insecurity in southern Mali. We use the Systems Approach to Land Use Sustainability (SALUS) as the crop model to simulate the cultivation of maize, millet, and sorghum in the region. While SALUS provides information on food production, ABM simulates interactions for food access. We measure household vulnerability using Food Security Vulnerability Index (FSVI), a coping-based index, that evaluates households' vulnerability to food insecurity by assessing the mechanisms used by the households to address household food scarcity. Running a business-as-usual scenario, defined by low access to input, high population growth, and a high emission climate change scenario at Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 level, we find that maize and sorghum lose their productivity significantly under future climate change. Besides, the region sees a significant increase in its food insecure population. Around 80% of the regional households are at risk of food insecurity by mid-century. In paper 3, entitled "Global or Local? Effects of policy interventions on household food security in Koutiala, southern Mali: A coupled biophysical and social systems approach", we evaluate the effectiveness of selected global and local level policy intervention in promoting household food security in the South. The model recommends local level interventions that include improved access to input and lower population growth for a prompt and significant increase in food security in the region. More than 60% of the regional households could be food secure under the combinations of the interventions. However, the global level intervention that consists of lowering emission to RCP4.5 level does not have significant impacts on local household food production and food security.
Download or read book Climate Change Adaptation and Social Resilience in the Sundarbans written by Anna O'Donnell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Household vulnerability to weather shocks and changing climatic conditions has become a major concern in developing countries. Yet the empirical evidence remains limited on the impact that changing environmental conditions have on households. This book explores climate change adaptation using a social resilience approach. The book is based on primary data from the Sundarbans, a densely populated area located across parts of Bangladesh and India (West Bengal) which is highly vulnerable to extreme weather events and climate change. The focus is on assessing how households are affected by cyclones: whether they are able to cope with, adapt to and recover from events and changes; whether they are warned ahead of time; whether they benefit from government safety nets and other social programs; and finally whether they are driven to either temporary or permanent migration. This assessment leads to a better understanding of how exposure to an area of climate change vulnerability and risk affects and shapes human responses.
Download or read book Mapping Climate Vulnerability and Poverty in Africa written by and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Regional Impacts of Climate Change written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Download or read book Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards written by Birkmann and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measuring Vulnerability to Natural Hazards presents a broad range of current approaches to measuring vulnerability. It provides a comprehensive overview of different concepts at the global, regional, national, and local levels, and explores various schools of thought. More than 40 distinguished academics and practitioners analyse quantitative and qualitative approaches, and examine their strengths and limitations. This book contains concrete experiences and examples from Africa, Asia, the Americas and Europe to illustrate the theoretical analyses.The authors provide answers to some of the key questions on how to measure vulnerability and they draw attention to issues with insufficient coverage, such as the environmental and institutional dimensions of vulnerability and methods to combine different methodologies.This book is a unique compilation of state-of-the-art vulnerability assessment and is essential reading for academics, students, policy makers, practitioners, and anybody else interested in understanding the fundamentals of measuring vulnerability. It is a critical review that provides important conclusions which can serve as an orientation for future research towards more disaster resilient communities.
Download or read book Households Flood Vulnerability Assessment in Context of Climate Change written by S. Rahman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vulnerability assessments a review of approaches written by and published by IUCN. This book was released on with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability in Rural West Africa written by Joseph A. Yaro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents conceptual and empirical discussions of adaptation to climate change/variability in West Africa. Highlighting different countries’ experiences in adaptation by different socio-economic groups and efforts at building their adaptive capacity, it offers readers a holistic understanding of adaptation on the basis of contextual and generic sources of adaptive capacity. Focusing on adaptation to climate change/variability is critical because the developmental challenges West Africa faces are increasingly intertwined with its climate history. Today, climate change is a major developmental issue for agrarian rural communities with high percentages of the population earning a living directly or indirectly from the natural environment. This makes them highly vulnerable to climate-driven ecological change, in addition to threats in the broader political economic context. It is imperative that rural people adapt to climate change, but their ability to successfully do so may be limited by competing risks and vulnerabilities. As such, elucidating those vulnerabilities and sources of strength with regard to the adaptive capacities needed to support successful adaptation and avoid maladaptation is critical for future policy formulation. Though the empirical discussion is geographically based on West Africa, its applicability in terms of the processes, structures, needs, strategies, and recommendations for policy transcends the region and provides useful lessons for understanding adaptation broadly in the developing world.
Download or read book Turn Down the Heat written by A Report for the World Bank by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Analytics. and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report focuses on the risks of climate change to development in Sub-Saharan Africa, South East Asia and South Asia. Building on the 2012 report, Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided, this new scientific analysis examines the likely impacts of present day, 2°C and 4°C warming on agricultural production, water resources, and coastal vulnerability. It finds many significant climate and development impacts are already being felt in some regions, and that as warming increases from present day (0.8°C) to 2°C and 4°C, multiple threats of increasing extreme heat waves, sea-level rise, more severe storms, droughts and floods are expected to have further severe negative implications for the poorest and most vulnerable. The report finds that agricultural yields will be affected across the three regions, with repercussions for food security, economic growth, and poverty reduction. In addition, urban areas have been identified as new clusters of vulnerability with urban dwellers, particularly the urban poor, facing significant vulnerability to climate change. In Sub-Saharan Africa, under 3°C global warming, savannas are projected to decrease from their current levels to approximately one-seventh of total land area and threaten pastoral livelihoods. Under 4°C warming, total hyper-arid and arid areas are projected to expand by 10 percent. In South East Asia, under 2°C warming, heat extremes that are virtually absent today would cover nearly 60-70 percent of total land area in northern-hemisphere summer, adversely impacting ecosystems. Under 4°C warming, rural populations would face mounting pressures from sea-level rise, increased tropical cyclone intensity, storm surges, saltwater intrusions, and loss of marine ecosystem services. In South Asia, the potential sudden onset of disturbances to the monsoon system and rising peak temperatures would put water and food resources at severe risk. Well before 2°C warming occurs, substantial reductions in the frequency of low snow years is projected to cause substantial reductions in dry season flow, threatening agriculture. Many of the worst climate impacts could still be avoided by holding warming below 2°C, but the window for action is closing rapidly. Urgent action is also needed to build resilience to a rapidly warming world that will pose significant risks to agriculture, water resources, coastal infrastructure, and human health.
Download or read book Climate Change 2007 written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group 2 and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Change and India written by P. R. Shukla and published by Universities Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributed articles on climate change.
Download or read book Household s Vulnerability and Adaptation Strategies to Climate Change written by Abebaye Zerie and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is the most complex and challenging environmental problem facing the world today. Constantly increasing population growth, environmental degradation, low and erratic rainfall, rain-fed subsistence agriculture, declining land productivity and lack of appropriate technologies were found to be the major causes for their vulnerability. The studied households have been suffering from frequent and severe hazards which include drought, flooding, erratic and heavy rainfall affects the environment and their livelihood in the area are linked to persisting vulnerability. As a result, the local communities are adapting to this changing situation by changing cropping patterns, introducing crops that can mature shortly, wood and charcoal selling, wage labor, selling of assets, reforestation, saving and migration.
