Download or read book Aspect of Active Lower Limb Prosthesis Design written by Salman Harun Shaikh and published by Independent Author. This book was released on 2022-11-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prosthesis are artificial replacements for body parts that have been lost due to injury or illness. They play a crucial role in rehabilitation of the amputees. This is important not just in terms of regaining mobility, but it also helps an amputee in various aspects, like regaining his self-confidence, being independent, retaining a job for livelihood, and boosting him mentally to live a normal life within the society [1 ][2]. Designing a prosthesis varies in various aspects and some of the design considerations are the need, applications, material, cost, mobility etc. For limb prosthesis, understanding the anatomy and human body biomechanics is the first step of design, which is presented below. It can be seen from Figure 1 that the movement oflower limb during normal gait occurs in the in the sagittal plane and the transverse plane lies parallel to ground. Figure 2 shows the various planes for the movement of the knee and the hip joint. The joint angles (knee and ankle joint) are thus measured with reference to sagittal plane. There is a little movement of the hip joint in the coronal plane during the normal gait cycle. This research work uses "flexion" and "extension" movement of stump as primary factor to develop one of the feedback control for electronic knee prosthesis.
Download or read book Biomechanics of Lower Limb Prosthetics written by Mark R. Pitkin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-10-14 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreword from a Clinical Biomechanist, Applied Physiologist and Prosthetist teaching graduate students in Prosthetics & Orthotics. While there are many books on Biomechanics, arguably the quintessential science of limb prosthetics, none addresses the fundamental principles in sufficient detail and depth to be practically useful to the prosthetist, rehabilitation specialist or researcher. Dr. Pitkin’s monograph is an exemplary collection of theoretical principles from his research and o- ers, presented in its clinical and applied biomechanics form. The textbook provides an excellent overview of the many facets of lower limb prosthetic design and engineering for the ardent clinician researcher and student. The book delves into many of the basic concepts that are required knowledge for the clinician and the scientist to have as the foundation for their work. Dr. Pitkin has an e- quent manner in which he reflects on the history and literature to tell the storied evolution of prosthetic design . He takes the reader on a journey to consider his theories, which have substantive foundations to contemplate. By the end of chapter one, we have the basic h- tory and an appreciation for the rationale behind the “rolling joint ankle” with evidence to support his theoretical views.
Download or read book Active Above Knee Prosthesis written by Zlata Jelacic and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Active Above-Knee Prosthesis: A Guide to a Smart Prosthetic Leg presents original research and development results, providing a firsthand overview of idea generation and prototype production. The book gives insights into the problem of stair ascent for people with above-knee amputation and offers a solution in the form of a physical prototype of an active above-knee prosthesis with an actuated ankle. The book's authors have developed and tested a physical prototype of an active above-knee prosthesis, giving anyone who is researching and designing prosthetic devices firsthand knowledge on how to build on, and continue with, work that has already been done. - Presents state-of-the-art technology in powered prosthetics - Helps readers evaluate design options and create new developments - Provides guidance on the evolution of advanced prosthetic design
Download or read book Lower limb Prosthetics written by Norman Berger and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Census Bureau has reported that 56.7 million Americans had some type of disability in 2010, which represents 18.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population included in the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation. The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. As of December 2015, approximately 11 million individuals were SSDI beneficiaries, and about 8 million were SSI beneficiaries. SSA currently considers assistive devices in the nonmedical and medical areas of its program guidelines. During determinations of substantial gainful activity and income eligibility for SSI benefits, the reasonable cost of items, devices, or services applicants need to enable them to work with their impairment is subtracted from eligible earnings, even if those items or services are used for activities of daily living in addition to work. In addition, SSA considers assistive devices in its medical disability determination process and assessment of work capacity. The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation provides an analysis of selected assistive products and technologies, including wheeled and seated mobility devices, upper-extremity prostheses, and products and technologies selected by the committee that pertain to hearing and to communication and speech in adults.
Download or read book Prosthetic Designs for Restoring Human Limb Function written by William Craelius and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-30 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides a thorough introduction and overview of the design and engineering of state-of-the-art prosthetics and assistive technologies. Innovations in prosthetics are increasingly made by cross-disciplinary thinking, and the author introduces the application of biomedical, mechanical, electrical, computer, and materials engineering principles to the design of artificial limbs. Coverage includes the fundamentals of biomechanics, biomechanical modeling and measurements, the basics of anatomy and physiology of limb defects, and the historical development of prosthetic design. This book stimulates the innovative thinking necessary for advancing limb restoration, and will be essential reading for students, as well as researchers, professional engineers, and prosthetists involved in the design and manufacture of artificial limbs. Learning enhanced by the exercises, including physical modeling with MATLAB and Simulink; Includes appendices with relevant equations and parameters for reference; Introduction to the design and engineering of prosthetics and assistive technologies.
Download or read book Clinical Aspects of Lower Extremity Prosthetics written by Donald Weber and published by Oakville, Ont. : Elgan Enterprises, c1988 (1991 printing). This book was released on 1991 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lower limb Prosthetics and Orthotics written by Joan E. Edelstein and published by SLACK Incorporated. This book was released on 2011 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a comprehensive overview of lower-limb prosthetics and orthotics, covering normal and pathological gait, lower-limb biomechanics, clinical applications, as well as prosthetic and orthotic designs and components. Clinical management is incorporated throughout the text, including basic surgical concepts, postoperative management, preprosthetic care, and training in the use of devices. Additionally, this text incorporates unique features relevant to physicians such as prescription writing and prosthetic and orthotic construction and modification, as well as the latest research regarding energy consumption and long-term utilization of protheses.
Download or read book A Lower Limb Prosthesis with Active Alignment for Reduced Limb Loading written by Andrew LaPre and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, the growing field of robotics has created new possibilities in lower limb prostheses. The focus of these new prostheses has been replicating the dynamics of the lost limb in order to restore gait of individuals with lower limb amputations to healthy norms. This places demanding loads on the residual limb. Compensation by the rest of body is high, causes overloading of intact joints and can lead to deterioration of mobility and overall health. Abnormalities remain present in the person's gait, stemming from the loading of soft tissue and the altered anatomy of the affected limb. In this dissertation, an experimental prosthesis is developed with systematic, simulation based techniques. Kinematics and kinetics of the prosthesis design are altered in order to actively realign the limb in relation to the center of pressure during stance, allowing positive power to be generated by the prosthesis while actively reducing the magnitude of the sagittal moment transferred to the residual limb. Initial findings show that during walking with the experimental device compared to a daily use prosthesis, peak pressures on the residual limb are lowered by over 10% while maintaining walking speed.
Download or read book Full Stride written by Victoria Tepe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-22 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ground-breaking title begins with an introductory overview of the Lower Extremity Gait Systems (LEGS) project, identifying concerns and observations as context for the reader to consider topics and challenges detailed in later chapters. Next are chapters that explore relevant military and civilian needs, and an essential historical context of the capabilities and limitations of contemporary prosthetics. The section concludes with an overview of essential components used in passive and active lower limb prosthetics, including sockets, foot, ankle, and knee systems, as well as emerging bionic systems. A second section considers research and development in orthotics, synthetic and biological materials, volitional control, and wearable robotics (also known as exoskeletons). Finally, expert authors explore advanced science and emerging medical perspectives in research related to limb salvage, osseointegration, limb transplantation, and tissue engineering. Designed for medical practitioners, engineers, students, and researchers who use or develop prosthetic technology for civilian or military amputees, Full Stride: Advancing the State of the Art in Lower Extremity Gait Systems will be of great interest to trauma specialists, orthopedists, rehabilitation specialists, nursing staff and physical therapists, as well as researchers and scientists who specialize in fields that shape and inform advanced prosthetic device development such as materials sciences, engineering (electrical, mechanical, biomedical), robotics, and human physiology.
Download or read book Lower Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics written by Joan Edelstein and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-01 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics: Clinical Conceptsis a comprehensive overview of lower-limb prosthetics and orthotics, covering normal and pathological gait, lower-limb biomechanics, clinical applications, as well as prosthetic and orthotic designs and components. Joan Edelstein and Alex Moroz have writtenLower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics with the clinician’s perspective in mind. Clinical management is incorporated throughout the text, including basic surgical concepts, postoperative management, preprosthetic care, and training in the use of devices. Additionally, this text incorporates unique features relevant to physicians such as prescription writing and prosthetic and orthotic construction and modification, as well as, the latest research regarding energy consumption and long-term utilization of prostheses. Chapters Include: Orthotics in neuromuscular diseases Orthotics in pediatrics Functional expectations Gait and activities training Transtibial and transfemoral prostheses and components Transtibial and transfemoral biomechanics, evaluation, and gait analysis Disarticulations and Bilateral Amputations With over 150 line drawings and photographs to supplement the text, Lower-Limb Prosthetics and Orthotics: Clinical Concepts is ideal for clinicians in the fields of physical medicine and rehabilitation, orthopedics, vascular surgery, physical therapy and occupational therapy.
Download or read book Shank Kinematics and Kinetics in Prosthetic Gait written by Rósa Kolbeinsdóttir and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans ambulate with bipedal gait and the ankle-foot system is imperative for efficient and symmetrical gait. Individuals with lower-limb amputation lose the ankle-foot system and must rely on prostheses to ambulate. Prosthetic systems have traditionally been designed to mimic select aspects of the natural ankle-foot complex, such as roll-over shape and the late-stance ankle power burst. However, as prosthetic users still do not reach the same level of function as individuals without amputation it is clear that there is room for improvement in current prosthetic systems. In other words, there may be other aspects or features of lower limb mechanics during gait that could hold the key to enabling meaningful improvements in prosthesis design to be achieved. In particular, recent research has identified important, and somewhat surprising, features of the natural shank’s segmental kinematics and kinetics that may be useful as design criteria for future prosthetic systems. However, before advancements can be made in the designs of prosthetic systems, we must understand the shank segmental kinematics and kinetics during the gait of users with current prosthetic ankle-foot systems. Thus the aim of this study was to characterize the segmental kinematics and kinetics of the residual shank in prosthetic gait and compare to typical gait. ☐ Shank segmental kinematics and kinetics in overground gait were analyzed for four individuals with unilateral transtibial amputation who used the same energy-storing-and-returning prosthetic ankle-foot system. The kinematic results revealed that the proximal shank remained horizontal throughout stance in prosthetic gait, similar to typical gait, despite the prosthetic users’ lack of active plantar flexion. Kinetic results showed that power flowed into the shank from more proximal segments at the moment of push-off on the prosthetic side, as opposed to typical gait and on the intact side where power flowed out of the proximal shank. In addition, the velocity of the proximal shank was higher at push-off on the prosthetic side compared to the intact side or typical gait. These results indicate that, to compensate for the lack of active push-off in the prosthesis, these prosthetic users use more proximal structures to lift the foot off the ground in late stance, instead of actively pushing it off. Analysis of spatiotemporal parameters revealed a shorter stance time and longer step length on the prosthetic side, where, presumably, the prosthetic users terminate the stance phase early to avoid the lowering and downward acceleration of the proximal shank. These results give better insight into the shortcomings of current prosthetic ankle-foot systems and provide design criteria that may be used to improve the design of prosthetic ankle-foot systems and resulting gait function of the prosthetic user.
Download or read book Design Modeling and Control of an Active Prosthetic Knee written by Roozbeh Borjian and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The few microcontroller based active/semi-active prosthetic knee joints available commercially are extremely expensive and do not consider the uncertainties of inputs sensory information. Progressing in the controller of the current prosthetic devices and creating artificial lower limbs compatible with different users may lead to more effective and low-cost prostheses. This can affect the life style of lots of amputees specially the land-mine victims in developing war-torn countries who are unable to partake in the advancement of the current intelligent prosthetic knees. The purpose of the proposed Active Prosthetic Knee (APK) design is to investigate a new schema that allows the device to provide the full necessary torque at the knee joint based on echoing the state of the intact leg. This study involves the design features of the mechanical aspects, sensing system, communication, and knowledge-based controller to implement a cost-effective APK. The proposed microcontroller based prosthesis utilizes a ball screw system accompanied by a high-speed brushed servomotor to provide one degree of freedom for the fabricated prototype. Moreover, a modular test-bed is manufactured to mimic the lower limb motion which contributes investigating different controllers for the prototype. Thus, the test bed allows assessing the primary performance of the APK before testing on a human subject.
Download or read book Targeted Muscle Reinnervation written by Todd A. Kuiken and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implement TMR with Your Patients and Improve Their Quality of LifeDeveloped by Dr. Todd A. Kuiken and Dr. Gregory A. Dumanian, targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) is a new approach to accessing motor control signals from peripheral nerves after amputation and providing sensory feedback to prosthesis users. This practical approach has many advantage
Download or read book Atlas of Limb Prosthetics written by American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and published by Amer Academy of Orthopaedic. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Newly available after being out of print for several years, this is the definitive reference on the surgical and prosthetic management of acquired or congenital limb loss. Covers indications for amputation vs. limb salvage for trauma, peripheral vascular disease, and tumours; indications for prostheses for amputation levels; and rehabilitation approaches.
Download or read book Design and Evaluation of a Biomimetic Agonist antagonist Active Knee Prosthesis written by Ernesto Carlos Martinez Villalpando and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The loss of a limb is extremely debilitating. Unfortunately, today's assistive technologies are still far from providing fully functional artificial limb replacements. Although lower extremity prostheses are currently better able to give assistance than their upper-extremity counterparts, important locomotion problems still remain for leg amputees. Instability, gait asymmetry, decreased walking speeds and high metabolic energy costs are some of the main challenges requiring the development of a new kind of prosthetic device. These challenges point to the need for highly versatile, fully integrated lower-extremity powered prostheses that can replicate the biological behavior of the intact human leg. This thesis presents the design and evaluation of a novel biomimetic active knee prosthesis capable of emulating intact knee biomechanics during level-ground walking. The knee design is motivated by a mono-articular prosthetic knee model comprised of a variable damper and two series elastic clutch units spanning the knee joint. The powered knee system is comprised of two series-elastic actuators positioned in parallel in an agonist-antagonist configuration. This investigation hypothesizes that the biomimetic active-knee prosthesis, with a variable impedance control, can improve unilateral transfemoral amputee locomotion in level-ground walking, reducing the metabolic cost of walking at selfselected speeds. To evaluate this hypothesis, a preliminary study investigated the clinical impact of the active knee prosthesis on the metabolic cost of walking of four unilateral above-knee amputees. This preliminary study compared the antagonistic active knee prosthesis with subjects' prescribed knee prostheses. The subjects' prescribed prostheses encompass four of the leading prosthetic knee technologies commercially available, including passive and electronically controlled variable-damping prosthetic systems. Use of the novel biomimetic active knee prosthesis resulted in a metabolic cost reduction for all four subjects by an average of 5.8%. Kinematic and kinetic analyses indicate that the active knee can increase self-selected walking speed in addition to reducing upper body vertical displacement during walking by an average of 16%. The results of this investigation report for the first time a metabolic cost reduction when walking with a prosthetic system comprised of an electrically powered active knee and passive foot-ankle prostheses, as compared to walking with a conventional transfemoral prosthesis. With this work I aim to advance the field of biomechatronics, contributing to the development of integral assistive technologies that adapt to the needs of the physically challenged.
Download or read book Knowledge based Design of Lower Limb Prosthesis written by Stella Gabbiadini and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
