Download or read book Arrays and Array Methods in Global Seismology written by Yu Jeffrey Gu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the increased availability and fidelity of broadband seismic instruments have effectively narrowed the gap between exploration and global seismic applications. Global seismologists are now able to take advantage of high-resolution, often exploration-based, tools to examine rock properties tens to hundreds of kilometers below surface. This book reviews the key assumptions, algorithms and prospects of several important array-based methods in today’s global and regional seismic surveys. A short list of topics includes data migration, PP and SS precursors, Radon transform, mantle triplication, P-to-S and S-to-P converted waves, shear-wave splitting, high-resolution seismic tomography, and ambient-noise interferometry. Each approach is presented in a ‘cookbook’ fashion for easy comparison, implementation and critique by the general readership.

Download or read book Using Array Seismology to Study Planetary Interiors written by Pei-Ying Lin and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stratification is a dominant feature of all planetary interiors. Fine-scale structure associated with layering, as well as heterogeneities hold important clues on a planet's compositional, thermal, and dynamical state, as well as its evolution. This research centers on using data from seismic arrays, networks of seismic sensors, and array processing methodologies to map the fine scale structure in the Earth's upper mantle and deep layering in the Moon - Earth and Moon are the only two planetary bodies with seismic available data for such analyses. Small-scale structure in the Earth's upper mantle can give rise to seismic wave scattering. I studied high frequency data from the Warramunga Array in Australia using array seismology. I developed and employed back-projection schemes to map the possible upper mantle scattering or reflection locations. Mapped scatterers show good correlation to strong lateral P-wave velocity gradients in tomography models and may be associated with the complex tectonic history beneath north of Australia. The minimum scale of scatterers relates to the seismic wavelength, which is roughly between 5 and 10 km in the upper mantle for the frequencies we study. The Apollo Passive Seismic Experiment (APSE) consisted of four 3-component seismometers deployed between 1969 and 1972 that continuously recorded lunar ground motion until late 1977. I studied the deep lunar interior with array methods applied to the legacy APSE dataset. The stack results suggest the presence of a solid inner and fluid outer core, overlain by a partially molten boundary layer, but their reflector impedance contrasts and reflector depths are not well constrained. With a rapidly increasing number of available modern broadband data, I developed a package, Discovery Using Ducttape Excessively (DUDE), to quickly generate plots for a comprehensive view of earthquake data. These plots facilitate discovery of unexpected phenomena. This dissertation identifies evidence for small-scale heterogeneities in Earth's upper mantle, and deeper lunar layering structure. Planetary interiors are complex with the heterogeneities on many scales, and discontinuities of variable character. This research demonstrates that seismic array methods are well-suited for interrogating heterogeneous phenomena, especially considering the recent rapid expansion of easily available dense network data.

Download or read book Instrumentation in Earthquake Seismology written by Jens Havskov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-02-11 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is unique and comprehensive coverage of modern seismic instrumentation, based on the authors’ practical experience of a quarter-century in seismology and geophysics. Their goal is to provide not only detailed information on the basics of seismic instruments but also to survey equipment on the market, blending this with only the amount of theory needed to understand the basic principles. Seismologists and technicians working with seismological instruments will find here the answers to their practical problems. Instrumentation in Earthquake Seismology is written to be understandable to the broad range of professionals working with seismological instruments and seismic data, whether students, engineers or seismologists. Whether installing seismic stations, networks and arrays, working and calibrating stationary or portable instruments, dealing with response information, or teaching about seismic instruments, professionals and academics now have a practical and authoritative sourcebook. Includes: SEISAN and SEISLOG software systems that are available from http://extras.springer.com and http://www.geo.uib.no/seismo/software/software.html

Download or read book Foundations of Modern Global Seismology written by Charles J. Ammon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Global Seismology, Second Edition, is a complete, self-contained primer on seismology, featuring extensive coverage of all related aspects—from observational data through prediction—and emphasizing the fundamental theories and physics governing seismic waves, both natural and anthropogenic. Based on thoroughly class-tested material, the text provides a unique perspective on Earth’s large-scale internal structure and dynamic processes, particularly earthquake sources, and the application of theory to the dynamic processes of the earth’s upper layer. This insightful new edition is designed for accessibility and comprehension for graduate students entering the field. Exploration seismologists will also find it an invaluable resource on topics such as elastic-wave propagation, seismic instrumentation, and seismogram analysis. Includes more than 400 illustrations, from both recent and traditional research articles, to help readers visualize mathematical relationships, as well as boxed features to explain advanced topics Offers incisive treatments of seismic waves, waveform evaluation and modeling, and seismotectonics, as well as quantitative treatments of earthquake source mechanics and numerous examples of modern broadband seismic recordings Covers current seismic instruments and networks and demonstrates modern waveform inversion methods Includes extensive, updated references for further reading new to this edition Features reorganized chapters split into two sections, beginning with introductory content such as tectonics and seismogram analysis, and moving on to more advanced topics, including seismic wave excitation and propagation, multivariable and vector calculus, and tensor approaches Completely updated references and figures to bring the text up to date Includes all-new sections on recent advancements and to enhance examples and understanding Split into shorter chapters to allow more flexibility for instructors and easier access for researchers, and includes exercises

Download or read book Earthquake Source Asymmetry Structural Media and Rotation Effects written by Roman Teisseyre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-01 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This breakthrough book is the first to examine the rotational effects in earthquakes, a revolutionary concept in seismology. Existing models do no yet explain the significant rotational and twisting motions that occur during an earthquake and cause the failure of structures. The rotation and twist effects are investigated and described, and their consequences for designing tall buildings and other important structures are presented. This book will change the way the world views earthquakes.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays written by Lester W. Schmerr Jr. and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes in detail the physical and mathematical foundations of ultrasonic phased array measurements. The book uses linear systems theory to develop a comprehensive model of the signals and images that can be formed with phased arrays. Engineers working in the field of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) will find in this approach a wealth of information on how to design, optimize and interpret ultrasonic inspections with phased arrays. The fundamentals and models described in the book will also be of significant interest to other fields, including the medical ultrasound and seismology communities. A unique feature of this book is that it presents a unified theory of imaging with phased arrays that shows how common imaging methods such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), the total focusing method (TFM), and the physical optics far field inverse scattering (POFFIS) imaging method are all simplified versions of more fundamental and quantitative imaging approaches, called imaging measurement models. To enhance learning, this book first describes the fundamentals of phased array systems using 2-D models, so that the complex 3-D cases normally found in practice can be more easily understood. In addition to giving a detailed discussion of phased array systems, Fundamentals of Ultrasonic Phased Arrays also provides MATLAB® functions and scripts, allowing the reader to conduct simulations of ultrasonic phased array transducers and phased array systems with the latest modeling technology.

Download or read book Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies written by Alexis Le Pichon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-19 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of infrasound to monitor the atmosphere has, like infrasound itself, gone largely unheard of through the years. But it has many applications, and it is about time that a book is being devoted to this fascinating subject. Our own involvement with infrasound occurred as graduate students of Prof. William Donn, who had established an infrasound array at the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory (now the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory) of Columbia University. It was a natural outgrowth of another major activity at Lamont, using seismic waves to explore the Earth’s interior. Both the atmosphere and the solid Earth feature velocity (seismic or acoustic) gradients in the vertical which act to refract the respective waves. The refraction in turn allows one to calculate the respective background structure in these mediums, indirectly exploring locations that are hard to observe otherwise. Monitoring these signals also allows one to discover various phenomena, both natural and man-made (some of which have military applications).

Download or read book Introduction to Seismology written by M. Bath and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To Seismology Second, Revised Edition 1979 Springer Basel AG First published under Markus Bath, Introduktion till Seism%gin by Natur och Kultur Stockholm © 1970, Markus Bath and Bokforlaget Natur och Kultur, Stockholm CIP-Kurztitelaufnahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Bath, Markus: Introduction to seismology / Markus Bath. - 2., rev. ed. (Wissenschaft und Kultur; Bd. 27) Einheitssacht. : Introduktion till seismologin (dt.) ISBN 978-3-0348-5285-2 ISBN 978-3-0348-5283-8 (eBook) DOI 10. 1007/978-3-0348-5283-8 All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced by any means, nor transmitted, nor translated into a machine language without the written permission of the publisher English translation © 1973, 1979 Springer Basel AG Urspriinglich erschienen bei Birkhlluser Verlag Basel 1979 Softcover reprint of tbe hardcover 2nd edition 1979 ISBN 978-3-0348-5285-2 The data must be greatly amplified Preface and strengthened. to the First Edition BE NO GUTENBERG (1959) The purpose of this book is to give a popular review of modern seismology, its research methods, problems of current interest and results and also to some extent to elucidate the historical background. Especially in recent years, seismology has attracted much interest from the general public as well as from news agencies. The reasons for this are partly con nected with recordings of large explosions (nuclear tests), partly related to earthquake catastrophes. This interest and the questions which people have asked us for the past years have to a certain extent served as a sti mulus in the preparation of this book.

Download or read book Instrumentation in Earthquake Seismology written by Jens Havskov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-16 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides an up-to-date overview of modern instruments used in earthquake seismology as well as a description of theoretical and practical aspects of seismic instrumentation. The main topics are: • Choosing and installing equipment for seismic stations • Designing and setting up seismic networks and arrays • Maintaining and calibrating seismic instruments It also provides detailed descriptions of the following: • Seismic sensors • Digitizers • Seismic recorders • Communication systems • Software used for seismic station and networks In this second edition, new seismic equipment is presented and more comprehensive sections on topics like MEMS accelerometers, sigma-delta AD converters, dynamic range discussion and virtual networks have been included. This book is primarily intended for seismologists, engineers and technicians working with seismological instruments. It combines practical “know-how” with sufficient theory to explain the basic principles, making it also suitable for teaching students the most important aspects of seismic instrumentation. The book also gives a current overview of the majority of instruments and instrument manufacturers on the market, making it easy to compare the capability of instruments from different sources. SEISAN software was used for several examples in the book. This widely extended seismic analysis software is freely available from the University of Bergen website. The content of this book draws on the authors’ (a seismologist and a physicist) combined experience of working in this field for more than 35 years.

Download or read book Geometry and patterns of large aperture seismic arrays written by Richard T. Lacoss and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of possible configurations for a Large Aperture Seismic Array has been completed. An array having 21 identical subarrays located on three concentric circles has been found to yield the most satisfactory pattern in wave number space of all the configurations tested. Patterns for some alternative placements of subarrays, including that of the experimental LASA in Montana, have been included in this report. This study of patterns in wave number space has yielded the suggestion that a LASA having a diameter of 200 km should be composed of subarrays from 10 to 15 km in diameter. Such an increase of subarray size above the 7 km diameter subarrays of the experimental LASA would require the use of less regular subarray geometries than those which have been used in Montana. A sensitivity function for patterns has been developed. This function can be used to predict the change in patterns which might result from changes in seismometer or subarray positions. Since the sensitivity function predicts possible changes in patterns, it can be used to set bounds upon changes in an array which can be made without severely changing the pattern. The tight bounds imposed by the sensitivity function can be relaxed if the pattern resulting from any anticipated change in position is actually computed. Since very little computer time is required to compute a pattern, this procedure is highly recommended. (Author).

Download or read book Covariance Analysis for Seismic Signal Processing written by R. Lynn Kirlin and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 1999 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rather than address one seismic data-processing problem and present several methods, this book presents one fundamental methodology - analysis of the sample covariance matrix - and many seismic data problems to which it applies, providing the geophysical signal analyst with sufficient material to understand the usefulness of this approach.

Download or read book Earthquake Data in Engineering Seismology written by Sinan Akkar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-03 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses current activities in strong-motion networks around the globe, covering issues related to designing, maintaining and disseminating information from these arrays. The book is divided into three principal sections. The first section includes recent developments in regional and global ground-motion predictive models. It presents discussions on the similarities and differences of ground motion estimations from these models and their application to design spectra as well as other novel procedures for predicting engineering parameters in seismic regions with sparse data. The second section introduces topics about the particular methodologies being implemented in the recently established global and regional strong-motion databanks in Europe to maintain and disseminate the archived accelerometric data. The final section describes major strong-motion arrays around the world and their historical developments. The last three chapters of this section introduce projects carried out within the context of arrays deployed for seismic risk studies in metropolitan areas. Audience: This timely book will be of particular interest for researchers who use accelerometric data extensively to conduct studies in earthquake engineering and engineering seismology.

Download or read book Routine Data Processing in Earthquake Seismology written by Jens Havskov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to get a practical understanding of the most common processing techniques in earthquake seismology. The book deals with manual methods and computer assisted methods. Each topic will be introduced with the basic theory followed by practical examples and exercises. There are manual exercises entirely based on the printed material of the book, as well as computer exercises based on public domain software. Most exercises are computer based. The software used, as well as all test data are available from http://extras.springer.com. This book is intended for everyone processing earthquake data, both in the observatory routine and in connection with research. Using the exercises, the book can also be used as a basis for university courses in earthquake processing. Since the main emphasis is on processing, the theory will only be dealt with to the extent needed to understand the processing steps, however references will be given to where more extensive explanations can be found. Includes: • Exercises • Test data • Public domain software (SEISAN) available from http://extras.springer.com

Download or read book Random Matrix Theory and Wireless Communications written by Antonia M. Tulino and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2004 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Random Matrix Theory and Wireless Communications is the first tutorial on random matrices which provides an overview of the theory and brings together in one source the most significant results recently obtained.

Download or read book International Handbook of Earthquake Engineering Seismology Part B written by William H.K. Lee and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-07-23 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two volume International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology represents the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior's (IASPEI) ambition to provide a comprehensive overview of our present knowledge of earthquakes and seismology. This state-of-the-art work is the only reference to cover all aspects of seismology--a "resource library" for civil and structural engineers, geologists, geophysicists, and seismologists in academia and industry around the globe.Part B, by more than 100 leading researchers from major institutions of science around the globe, features 34 chapters detailing strong-motion seismology, earthquake engineering, quake prediction and hazards mitigation, as well as detailed reports from more than 40 nations. Also available is The International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A. Authoritative articles by more than 100 leading scientists Extensive glossary of terminology plus 2000+ biographical sketches of notable seismologists

Download or read book Seismology and Structure of the Earth written by Barbara Romanowicz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-04-20 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Geophysics: Seismology and Structure of the Earth, Volume 1, provides a comprehensive review of the state of knowledge on the Earths structure and earthquakes. It addresses various aspects of structural seismology and its applications to other fields of Earth sciences. The book is organized into four parts. The first part principally covers theoretical developments and seismic data analysis techniques from the end of the nineteenth century until the present, with the main emphasis on the development of instrumentation and its deployment. The second part reviews the status of knowledge on the structure of the Earths shallow layers, starting with a global review of the Earth's crustal structure. The third part focuses on the Earth's deep structure, divided into its main units: the upper mantle, the transition zone and upper-mantle discontinuities, the D region at the base of the mantle, and the Earth's core. The fourth part comprises two chapters which discuss constraints on Earth structure from fields other than seismology: mineral physics and geodynamics. Self-contained volume starts with an overview of the subject then explores each topic with in depth detail Extensive reference lists and cross references with other volumes to facilitate further research Full-color figures and tables support the text and aid in understanding Content suited for both the expert and non-expert

Download or read book Modern Global Seismology written by Thorne Lay and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-05-18 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended as an introduction to the field, Modern Global Seismology is a complete, self-contained primer on seismology. It features extensive coverage of all related aspects, from observational data through prediction, emphasizing the fundamental theories and physics governing seismic waves--both natural and anthropogenic. Based on thoroughly class-tested material, the text provides a unique perspective on the earths large-scale internal structure and dynamic processes, particularly earthquake sources, and on the application of theory to the dynamic processes of the earths upper skin. Authored by two experts in the field of geophysics. this insightful text is designed for the first-year graduate course in seismology. Exploration seismologists will also find it an invaluable resource on topics such as elastic-wave propagation, seismicinstrumentation, and seismogram analysis useful in interpreting their high-resolution images of structure for oil and mineral resource exploration. More than 400 illustrations, many from recent research articles, help readers visualize mathematical relationships 49 Boxed Features explain advanced topics Provides readers with the most in-depth presentation of earthquake physics available Contains incisive treatments of seismic waves, waveform evaluation and modeling, and seismotectonics Provides quantitative treatment of earthquake source mechanics Contains numerous examples of modern broadband seismic recordings Fully covers current seismic instruments and networks Demonstrates modern waveform inversion methods Includes extensive references for further reading