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Book Archaeological Inventory and Testing of Prehistoric Habitation Sites Chief Joseph Dam Project Washington

Download or read book Archaeological Inventory and Testing of Prehistoric Habitation Sites Chief Joseph Dam Project Washington written by Jerry V. Jermann and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: : Archaeological inventory and evaluation of cultural resources potentially threatened by a proposed 10-foot pool raise behind Chief Joseph Dam, north-central Washington was made. Pedestrian reconnaissance of areas not previously subject to resource inventory identified 27 prehistoric sites, bringing the total number of recorded sites in the area to 279. Test excavations were completed at 79 prehistoric habitation sites in order to characterize formal, temporal, and spatial variability in sufficient detail to provide for follow-on management planning. Artifacts and contextual samples recovered from nearly 600 cubic meters of soil matrix in 543 test units demonstrate that the project area was occupied by Native American groups continuously for at least the last 6,000 years, and perhaps longer. Considerable temporal and geographic variation occurs in the cultural assemblage, variability reflecting regional settlement and subsistence patterns. The cumulative database resulting from survey-level investigations includes the first comprehensive large-scale cultural resources inventory in the region, the first series of controlled radiocarbon age determinations from cultural contexts along the reservoir, and the largest assemblage of site samples from the upper Columbia River region. These data provide invaluable research materials for future investigators interested in the evolution of prehistoric cultural adaptations in the Columbia Plateau.

Book Archaeological Investigations at Site 45 DO 285 Chief Joseph Dam Project Washington

Download or read book Archaeological Investigations at Site 45 DO 285 Chief Joseph Dam Project Washington written by Christian J. Miss and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Site 45-DO-285 is located at the north end of Buckley Bar, a landform in Rufus Woods Lake (Columbia River) at River Mile 587.5 near the Okanogan Highland-Columbia Plateau boundary. The site lies in an Upper Sonoran life zone. In 1979, the University of Washington excavated 137.2 cu m of site volume under contract to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Seattle District, as part of a mitigation program associated with adding 10 ft to the operating level behind Chief Joseph Dam. Systematic, aligned random sampling of 1 x 1 x 0.1-m collection units in 1 x 2 or 2 x 2-m cells disclosed four prehistoric components contained in point bar and later overbank deposits. The first two components are best characterized as Late Hudnut Phase. Projectile point styles and a single radiocarbon date indicate that these older compnents date between 3,000 and 2,000 years ago. The earliest cultural material is contained in point bar sands and gravels and overbandk deposits; the later material in overbank deposits. Projectile point styles from the assemblages are similar to those of the Quilomene Bar Phase. The two more recent components are assigned to the Coyote Creek Phase. They contain projectile points similar to those found in the Cayuse Phase on the Middle Columbia and are dated by these styles and two radiocarbon dates to a period from 2000 B.P. to the protohistoric. (Author).

Book Archaeological Investigations at Nonhabitation and Burial Sites Chief Joseph Dam Project Washington

Download or read book Archaeological Investigations at Nonhabitation and Burial Sites Chief Joseph Dam Project Washington written by Sarah K. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of the 98 nonhabitation sites recorded for the reservoir, 13 which were in danger of inundation by the planned pool raise were recommended for Phase I mitigation and 45 which were not directly threatened, for Phase II mitigation. All rock art sites recommended for recording in Phase I or Phase II and all other accessible rock art sites in the reservoir were recorded. Recommended actions were taken at all Phase I rock feature sites. None of the features were found to mark burials; instead they either had no associated cultural materials or were of historic origin. Phase II sites were examined more selectively to insure that cairns from different contexts were examined. The only conclusively demonstrated prehistoric function for cairns is burial markers, and the best demonstrated historic feature types are fence supports and traps. The identification of some rock piles as homestead boundary markers, rock piles created by clearing rocks from fields, or placer mine deposits, is dependent on context, as artifacts were not found in association. Likewise, some rock features are interpreted as hunting blinds or trap anchors on the basis of location and lack of other demonstrated function. They cannot be certainly assigned to either the historic or prehistoric period. Burials were located during investigation of two rock feature sites and one prehistoric habitation site, and another was exposed by erosion at a prehistoric habitation site after the 1981 pool raise. All were relocated under a separate contract modification.