Download or read book Analyzing the Effectiveness of the Productive Safety Net Programme in the Food Security of Female headed Households in Ethiopia in 2009 written by Wilbert Enrique Hidalgo and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses the impact of the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) on the food security outcomes of female-headed households in Ethiopia. Using data from the Ethiopian Rural Household Surveys (EHRS) for 2009, the present study tests whether the PSNP reported worse food security outcomes for female-headed households, compared to male-headed households, given their lower literacy rates, land ownership, and time constraints that prevent them from fully benefitting from the PSNP. Ordinary Least Square Results show that being a female-headed household that receives PSNP benefits has a positive effect on one of the food security outcomes, since it reduces the probability of having a food shortage. However, due to the fact that access to the PSNP was not randomized Propensity Score Matching has to be used instead to better identify its impact on the food security of rural Ethiopian households. Propensity Matching Scores techniques reveal that the program has no impact on female-headed households. A statistically significant impact of the Program is found in male-headed households and in overall households; however, the expected effect is the opposite, since the PSNP worsens food security outcomes in analyzed households. Although the present document shows that the PSNP is not very effective at addressing food insecurity, it also suggests that more studies are needed to find further explanations of the Program's effects. We do not know if all PSNP beneficiaries actually receive all the benefits they are supposed to get, nor we know whether they receive any benefits in a timely fashion. Moreover, our Program variable is not a continuous variable that indicates the amount of money or the volume of food received. Therefore, the failure of the PSNP could not be related to the Program itself but to its poor implementation.
Download or read book An assessment of IFPRI S work in Ethiopia 1995 2010 Ideology influence and idiosyncrasy written by Mitch Renkow, and Roger Slade and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The impact of Ethiopia s Productive Safety Net Programme on the nutritional status of children 2008 2012 written by Berhane, Guush and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) is a large-scale social protection intervention aimed at improving food security and stabilizing asset levels. The PSNP contains a mix of public works employment and unconditional transfers. It is a well-targeted program; however, several years passed before payment levels reached the intended amounts. The PSNP has been successful in improving household food security. However, children’s nutritional status in the localities where the PSNP operates is poor, with 48 percent of children stunted in 2012. This leads to the question of whether the PSNP could improve child nutrition. In this paper, we examine the impact of the PSNP on children’s nutritional status over the period 2008–2012. Doing so requires paying particular attention to the targeting of the PSNP and how payment levels have evolved over time. Using inverse-probability-weighted regression-adjustment estimators, we find no evidence that the PSNP reduces either chronic undernutrition (height-for-age z-scores, stunting) or acute undernutrition (weight-for-height z-scores, wasting). While we cannot definitively identify the reason for this nonresult, we note that child diet quality is poor. We find no evidence that the PSNP improves child consumption of pulses, oils, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, or animal-source proteins. Most mothers have not had contact with health extension workers nor have they received information on good feeding practices. Water practices, as captured by the likelihood that mothers boil drinking water, are poor. These findings, along with work by other researchers, have informed revisions to the PSNP. Future research will assess whether these revisions have led to improvements in the diets and anthropometric status of preschool children in Ethiopia.
Download or read book The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting.
Download or read book Impact of Productive Safety Net Programme on Household Food Security written by Aleka Aregachew Robeta and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines largest social protection program in Sub-Saharan Africa outside of South Africa, which is Ethiopia's flagship reform programme Productive Safety Nets (PSN) and its' impact on household food security in general and by particularly emphasizing on the graduated households. The paper explores the rationale of the Ethiopia government for moving away from emergency aid to more predictable support is increasing household resilience and reducing vulnerability, thereby breaking the cycle of dependence on food aid through the process of graduation; and preventing food insecure households from distress selling of assets. The paper assesses graduation of households and graduation processes; thereby proposes how to clearly define graduation and enlighten elements of graduation bench marks.To this end, a mixed research approach that makes use of both quantitative and qualitative methods was employed. The outcome of the study is expected to make an important contribution to the litereture gap of the food security. More importantly, it also surfaces out the different issues involved in the current graduation processes & makes recommendations for better program accomplishment
Download or read book Synopsis Ethiopia s social protection program is associated with improved household resilience written by Abay, Kibrom A. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the implication of the Productive Safety Nets Program (PSNP) in Ethiopia on the economic resilience of rural households. Using five-rounds of household panel data covering nine years, we implement a recently developed probabilistic moment-based approach to measure resilience and evaluate the role of PSNP transfers and duration of participation in PSNP on household resilience. We document three important findings. First, although PSNP transfers are positively strongly associated with resilience, we find that transfers below the median are less likely to generate meaningful improvements in resilience. Second, continuous participation in PSNP is associated with higher resilience. Third, our evaluation of both short-term welfare outcomes and longer-term resilience suggests that these outcomes are likely to be driven by different factors. These findings suggest boosting household resilience will require significant investments in social protection programs and continuous participation in these programs. Our findings have important implications for the design and targeting of social protection programs in Africa, where safety nets programs generally operate at small scale with small transfers to beneficiaries over relatively short durations.
Download or read book What is the optimal locus of control for social assistance programs written by Simons, Andrew M. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Centralized implementation mandates of Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) require a full and uniform payment to each person in an eligible household. In practice, however, communities do not receive enough funding to fully implement the program. Therefore, communities must exercise local discretion in allocating aid. We recover the preferences revealed by local communities’ aid allocations and find they are pro-poor, allocating more to underprivileged groups with lower wage earning potential (e.g., teenage girls vs. teenage boys, adult women vs. adult men, elderly vs. working age adults). Despite communities’ pro-poor implementation, the program with constrained funding does not significantly lower overall poverty rates. In simulations with full funding, the program reduces poverty in both cases of centralized and decentralized program control, using different criteria for the allocation of funds. The major policy implication is that the financial scale of the safety net program is more important to poverty reduction than the locus of control over implementation.
Download or read book Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa written by Kathleen Beegle and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-07-02 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poverty remains a pervasive and complex phenomenon in Sub-Saharan Africa. Part of the agenda in recent years to tackle poverty in Africa has been the launching of social safety nets programs. All countries have now deployed safety net interventions as part of their core development programs. The number of programs has skyrocketed since the mid-2000s though many programs remain limited in size. This shift in social policy reflects the progressive evolution in the understanding of the role that social safety nets can play in the fight against poverty and vulnerability, and more generally in the human capital and growth agenda. Evidence on their impacts on equity, resilience, and opportunity is growing, and makes a foundational case for investments in safety nets as a major component of national development plans. For this potential to be realized, however, safety net programs need to be significantly scaled-up. Such scaling up will involve a series of technical considerations to identify the parameters, tools, and processes that can deliver maximum benefits to the poor and vulnerable. However, in addition to technical considerations, and at least as importantly, this report argues that a series of decisive shifts need to occur in three other critical spheres: political, institutional, and fiscal. First, the political processes that shape the extent and nature of social policy need to be recognized, by stimulating political appetite for safety nets, choosing politically smart parameters, and harnessing the political impacts of safety nets to promote their sustainability. Second, the anchoring of safety net programs in institutional arrangements †“ related to the overarching policy framework for safety nets, the functions of policy and coordination, as well as program management and implementation †“ is particularly important as programs expand and are increasingly implemented through national channels. And third, in most countries, the level and predictability of resources devoted to the sector needs to increase for safety nets to reach the desired scale, through increased efficiency, increased volumes and new sources of financing, and greater ability to effectively respond to shocks. This report highlights the implications which political, institutional, and fiscal aspects have for the choice and design of programs. Fundamentally, it argues that these considerations are critical to ensure the successful scaling-up of social safety nets in Africa, and that ignoring them could lead to technically-sound, but practically impossible, choices and designs.
Download or read book Food Security Safety Nets and Social Protection in Ethiopia written by Dessalegn Rahmato and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2013 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book, which examines Ethiopia's food security strategy and the safety net program from different approaches and perspectives in the context of the development of a social protection policy, is a continuation of that tradition ... Ethiopia's safety net program is one of the largest and most influential social protection schemes in Africa and, as noted by several authors in this volume, provides important lessons beyond the Ethiopian context."--Back cover.
Download or read book The Contribution of Productive Safety Net Program in Improving Food Security Status Among Public Work Beneficiary Households the Case of Meskan District Southern Ethiopia written by Tewodros Tekeste and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study looks on assessing the contribution of Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) in improving the food security condition of Public Work (PW) beneficiary in the case of Meskan district, Southern Ethiopia. In doing so, the study explores what differences exist in food security status of PSNP beneficiary households before they join the program and after they joining the PSNP. It also looks how beneficiary households do perceive the changes in their food security that brought about by the intervention of the PSNP. Data for this study was generated from both primary and secondary sources through mainly household case stories, Focus Group Discussion (FGDs), key informants, observation and review relevant documents as well. The fieldwork was specifically carried out in two sub-districts. Both district and sub-districts of the study areas were selected in consultation with key informants on the basis of their critical vulnerability to food insecurity condition in comparison to other areas. The findings of this study show that various factors such as low access to productive resources such as shortage of farmland, population pressure, inadequate use of fertilizer, lack of income to use improved seed, lack of productive labor, low employment opportunity and erratic rainfall are responsible for food insecurity condition in the study area. Furthermore, frequent shocks like drought and environmental degradation exacerbate households and community asset depletion. These causes low productivity of agriculture in the district. The case study participants reported that the degree of suffering into food deficiency and resource scarcity were very high before the intervention of the PSNP. They also indicated that after they participated in the program six months of the food gap period was reduced by three up to four months. They further mentioned that being the beneficiary in PSNP not only narrowing the food gap period, it also greatly contributed to smoothening household food consumption (e.g. increasing the number of meals per day) Moreover, the PSNP transfer also helps to boost the use of agricultural inputs which lead to increased agricultural production and productivity. This, in turn, leads to improve the food security condition of the study participants. In the study, its also observed that there are encouraging activities performed by PW activities of PSNP. These public work activities of the PSNP include terracing, soil and water conservation, and construction of check-dams, ponds, and environmental rehabilitation practices contributed to maintain natural resources and improving the size of harvest from agricultural production. Besides this public works on road network development, school and health posts also benefited all community in the study area were highly encouraged. The study households were confirmed that these changes were observed after the intervention of the PSNP. However, the study revealed that all of the case study participants neither food self-sufficient nor food secure even after the implementation of PSNP. Therefore, the study investigate PSNP alone is not adequate enough to attain food security in a context of the study area where households are chronically food insecure. Therefore, a coordination effort between PSNP and other food security program is recommended.
Download or read book Shock Waves written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-11-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
Download or read book Social Protection in Africa written by Frank Ellis and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book makes accessible to a broad audience the ideas, principles and practicalities of establishing effective social protection in Africa. It focuses on the major shift in strategy for tackling hunger and vulnerability, from emergency responses mainly in the form of food transfers to predictable cash transfers to the chronically poorest social groups. The first part of the book comprises nine theme chapters, covering vulnerability, targeting, delivery, coordination, cost-effectiveness, market impacts, and asset effects, while the second part consists of fifteen social protection case studies. The continuous interplay between these two parts makes for a unique contribution to the contemporary literature on social protection. The book takes a positive and forward looking view regarding the feasibility of achieving successful social transfers to the poorest in Africa; nevertheless, a critical stance is taken where appropriate, and unresolved strategic issues regarding the targeting, coverage and scale of social transfers are highlighted. Social Protection in Africa is an essential read for personnel, advisors and consultants working for aid donors, United Nations agencies, NGOs and governments on social transfer programmes in sub-Saharan African countries. In addition, the book represents a valuable resource for training courses on social protection, and will be vital reading for Masters level students and researchers studying emergency relief, social protection, vulnerability and poverty reduction in low-income countries.
Download or read book Natural Hazards UnNatural Disasters written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-10 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how to ensure that the preventive measures are worthwhile and effective, and how people can make decisions individually and collectively at different levels of government.
Download or read book Boosting growth to end hunger by 2025 The role of social protection written by Wouterse, Fleur Stephanie and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-10-23 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social protection programs—public or private initiatives that aid the poor and protect the vulnerable against livelihood risks—can effectively be used to assist those trapped, or at the risk of being trapped, in chronic poverty. These programs aim to address chronic poverty through redistribution and protect vulnerable households from falling below the poverty line. Although investments in social protection programs are often motivated by equity concerns, they can also contribute to economic growth by, for example, encouraging savings, creating community assets, and addressing market imperfections. Despite their potential and proliferation, not enough is known about social protection programs in Africa. The 2017–2018 Annual Trends and Outlook Report (ATOR) reduces this knowledge gap by focusing on the potential of such programs on the continent and the corresponding opportunities and challenges. The chapters of the Report highlight the benefits of these programs, not only to their direct recipients but also others in the community through spillover effects. They also underscore the importance of appropriate design and sustainability to fully realize the potential of social protection programs.
Download or read book Transformative Social Protection written by Stephen Devereux and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Links between Tenure Security and Food Security written by Hosaena Ghebru Hagos and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While numerous studies exist that evaluate the impacts of land reform on household investment behavior, land productivity, and land rental market activities, the literature is thin in terms of showing the direct food securities impacts of land tenure reforms. This study, thus, uses five rounds of household panel data from Tigray, Ethiopia, collected in the period 19982010 to assess the impacts of a land registration and certification program that aimed to strengthen tenure security and how it has contributed to increased food availability and thus food security in this food-deficit region. Our first survey took place just a year before the intervention (the land certification program). Our panel data in combination with the years of certificate ownership variable allow us to assess the dynamic impacts on food (calorie) availability of strengthened tenure security. Anthropometric data also allow us to assess potential child nutrition impacts of the reform 812 years after its implementation. Results show that land certification appears to have contributed to enhanced calorie availability (calorie intake), and more so for female-headed households, either through enhanced land rental market participation or increased investment and productivity on owner-operated land. Results also show that members of households that accessed additional land through the land rental market had a significantly higher body mass index. Though results show that land rental market participation is enhancing production efficiency, high transaction costs in that market suggest there are still unrealized gains from trade. Thus, the recent restrictive regional land law that allows for only short-term rental contracts and does not allow more than 50 percent of land to be rented out may threaten future tenure security and may undermine the benefits from the existing tenure reform.
Download or read book Beyond Food Security written by Yisak Tafere and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
