Download or read book Analysis of the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The CQR phenotype has traditionally been defined at low nanomolar cytostatic CQ concentrations but these do not correspond to medically relevant cytotoxic doseages. Thus, CQ accumulation was also measured using 3H-CQ and infected red blood cells at external CQ that corresponds to cytotoxic vs cytostatic concentrations. It was discovered that reduced CQ accumulation is not the underlying cause of cytotoxic CQR.

Download or read book Studies on the Molecular Basis of Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by David James Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Malaria written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria is making a dramatic comeback in the world. The disease is the foremost health challenge in Africa south of the Sahara, and people traveling to malarious areas are at increased risk of malaria-related sickness and death. This book examines the prospects for bringing malaria under control, with specific recommendations for U.S. policy, directions for research and program funding, and appropriate roles for federal and international agencies and the medical and public health communities. The volume reports on the current status of malaria research, prevention, and control efforts worldwide. The authors present study results and commentary on the: Nature, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and epidemiology of malaria. Biology of the malaria parasite and its vector. Prospects for developing malaria vaccines and improved treatments. Economic, social, and behavioral factors in malaria control.

Download or read book Global Report on Antimalarial Drug Efficacy and Drug Resistance written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides a comprehensive, global overview of antimalarial drug efficacy and the resistance of malaria parasites to the antimalarial medicines used between 2000 and June 2010. Policy-makers in national ministries of health will benefit from this document, as it provides both a global and a regional picture of the efficacy of the antimalarial medicines currently used in national treatment programmes. In addition, the report will be a reference for scientists, enhancing their understanding of the complexity of antimalarial drug resistance.

Download or read book Analysis of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Genomic Maintenance in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Falciparum written by Jeffrey S. Buguliskis and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Antimicrobial Resistance written by Matthias Gotte and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While many volumes have been written about various aspects of antimicrobial resistance, this book is a comprehensive reference work. All manifestations of resistance are addressed: viral; bacterial, parasitical and fungal are given dedicated sections. The underlining molecular mechanisms, which depend not only on the microbe but on the specific drug (target), are highly diverse. This work discusses and compares the biological, biochemical and structural aspects of resistance and its evolution.

Download or read book Antimalarial Chemotherapy written by Philip J. Rosenthal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-04-01 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philip Rosenthal, MD, and a panel of leading malaria experts drawn from academia, the military, and international health organizations survey the latest scientific understanding of antimalarial chemotherapy, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms of resistance and the description of important new targets. Their survey covers the current status of malarial and antimalarial chemotherapy, the relevant biology and biochemistry of malaria parasites, the antimalarial drugs currently available, new chemical approaches to chemotherapy, and possible new targets for chemotherapy. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Antimalarial Chemotherapy: Mechanisms of Action, Resistance, and New Directions in Drug Discovery clearly delineates all the basic and clinical research now addressing one of the world's major unresolved disease problems, work that is now powerfully driving the rapid pace of antimalarial drug discovery today.

Download or read book Saving Lives Buying Time written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug resistance has emerged as a major problem in the treatment of all microbial agents and in many cancer chemotherapies. This has necessitated the continuous development of new chemotherapeutic agents both for treatment of infectious agents and for cancer chemotherapy. In the case of malaria, drug resistance is an ever present and increasing problem throughout the world with parasites developing resistance to all commonly used antimalarial drugs, even those recently introduced such as mefloquine and halofantrin. Multidrug resistance has emerged as a major problem in the treatment of many cancers and remains a major obstacle to the successful control of certain neoplasias with chemotherapy. It is an emerging problem in parasitic protozoa, and a major question to be investigated in this proposal is the similarity of multidrug resistance in parasites to that found in mammalian cells. In the case of malaria, the similarity in the pharmacological features of the chloroquine resistance in P. falciparum, namely the proposed efflux mechanism and the reversal of resistance by verapamil, desipramine and related compounds led to the proposal that a similar mechanism for drug resistance was operating in P. falciparum . We have identified genes that had sequence and predicted structural similarity to the mdr genes and have completed the sequence, analyzed the expressed mRNA and protein. These genes and their encoded proteins are indeed related to the family of genes known as the ATP-Binding Cassette family and have the highest homology with the mdr genes from mouse and human ... Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Drug Resistance, Molecular biology, Pharmacology, RA 1.

Download or read book Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016 2030 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-11-04 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Health Organization's Global Technical Strategy for Malaria 2016- 2030 has been developed with the aim to help countries to reduce the human suffering caused by the world's deadliest mosquito-borne disease. Adopted by the World Health Assembly in May 2015 it provides comprehensive technical guidance to countries and development partners for the next 15 years emphasizing the importance of scaling up malaria responses and moving towards elimination. It also highlights the urgent need to increase investments across all interventions - including preventive measures diagnostic testing treatment and disease surveillance- as well as in harnessing innovation and expanding research. By adopting this strategy WHO Member States have endorsed the bold vision of a world free of malaria and set the ambitious new target of reducing the global malaria burden by 90% by 2030. They also agreed to strengthen health systems address emerging multi-drug and insecticide resistance and intensify national cross-border and regional efforts to scale up malaria responses to protect everyone at risk.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium Falciparum written by Guillermo Gómez and published by . This book was released on 2024* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Treatment and Prevention of Malaria written by Henry M. Staines and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria has defeated previous efforts at eradication and remains a massive global public health problem despite being readily preventable and treatable. It is a devastating disease that also extracts huge economic costs from the poorest countries in endemic regions. Starting with an overview of the disease and its current political, financial and technical context, this Milestones in Drug Therapy volume describes the history, chemistry, mechanisms of action and resistance, preclinical and clinical use, pharmacokinetics and safety and tolerability of the current range of antimalarial drugs. There is particular emphasis on artemisinins and related peroxides, as these drugs have now become the frontline treatment for malaria. Next generation antimalarials, molecular markers for detecting resistance, the importance of diagnostics and disease prevention are also covered in detail.

Download or read book Molecular Characterisation of the Plasmodium Falciparum Pfcrt Gene Involved in Chloroquine Resistance written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chloroquine (CQ) resistant P. falciparum was first reported in the 1960s at the Thai-Cambodia border. Gradually CQ resistance has spread and is found in all regions where P. falciparum transmission occurs. The emergence of CQ resistance due to excessive CQ selection pressure on the parasite populations has become an important issue because of the higher mortality and morbidity associated with drug resistance. Currently CQ is no longer recommended to treat falciparum malaria. CQ resistance in P. falciparum has been attributed to a single amino acid substitution on the P. falciparum chloroquine resistant transporter (pfcrt) at position 76 where Iysine is substituted with threonine (K76T). Molecular studies showed that CQ resistance emerged independently at five different geographical locations namely: Southeast Asia, two sites in South America, Papua New Guinea and the Philippines. Further analysis of resistant isolates revealed 22 additional non-silent amino acid substitutions on the pfcrt gene with a new amino acid substitution detected in the study reported here.

Download or read book World Malaria Report 2010 written by and published by . This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes information received from 106 malaria-endemic countries and from malaria control partners. It highlights continued progress made towards meeting international targets for malaria control to be achieved by 2010 and by 2015. International funds disbursed for malaria control increased from $200 million in 2004 to $1.5 billion in 2009. Since 2008, more than 289 million insecticide-treated mosquito nets have been delivered to sub-Saharan Africa, enough to protect three quarters of the 765 million persons at risk of the disease. Over the last decade, 11 countries in the Africa Region and 32 countries in other regions showed reductions of 50% or greater in either confirmed malaria cases or malaria admissions and deaths. Malaria control is making a major contribution to reducing mortality in children less than 5 years old and to attaining the health-related Millennium Development Goals.

Download or read book Malaria Drugs Disease and Post genomic Biology written by David Sullivan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-09 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite rapid increases in knowledge, malaria continues to kill more than a million people each year and causes symptomatic disease in a further 300 million individuals. This volume brings some of the world's best investigators to describe recent advances in both the scientific and clinical aspects of malaria, and bridges between the two.

Download or read book Bacterial Adaptation to Co resistance written by Santi M. Mandal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-17 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proposed book aims to understand the mechanism of survival of microorganisms in response to chemical stress in various ecological niches that suffer direct human intervention, more so the agricultural, domestic and hospital settings. Microbicides (e.g. disinfectants, antiseptics, fungicides, algaecides, insecticides and pesticides) are used rampantly to control undesirable microbes. Insecticides and pesticides are routinely used in agriculture which directly affect the microbial population in farms, orchards and fields. Health care environments are always stressed with disinfectants and antibiotics. It is always probable that microbicide-stressed microorganisms are in a dynamic state, displaced from one niche to the other. Some soil and water borne bacteria or their resistance determinants are also getting prominence in hospital settings after suffering selective pressure from agricides. In order to reveal the survival strategies of microbicidal-resistant microbes, it is of prime importance to know the mode of action of these complete range of microbicides (agricides to antibiotics). The present book intends to address these issues. There will be several chapters dealing with tolerance and cross resistance in microbes and bacteria in particular, dwelling in various niches. Till date, there is no consensus among scientists in theorizing molecular mechanisms to explain bacterial tolerance and their cross resistance to agricides and antibiotics.

Download or read book Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria Third Edition written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malaria remains an important cause of illness and death in children and adults in countries in which it is endemic. Malaria control requires an integrated approach including prevention (primarily vector control) and prompt treatment with effective antimalarial agents. Malaria case management consisting of prompt diagnosis and effective treatment remains a vital component of malaria control and elimination strategies. Since the publication of the first edition of the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria in 2006 and the second edition in 2010 all countries in which P. falciparum malaria is endemic have progressively updated their treatment policy from use of ineffective monotherapy to the currently recommended artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT). This has contributed substantially to current reductions in global morbidity and mortality from malaria. Unfortunately resistance to artemisinins has arisen recently in P. falciparum in South-East Asia which threatens these gains. This third edition of the WHO Guidelines for the treatment of malaria contains updated recommendations based on a firmer evidence base for most antimalarial drugs and in addition include recommendation on the use of drugs to prevent malaria in groups at high risk. The Guidelines provide a framework for designing specific detailed national treatment protocols taking into account local patterns of resistance to antimalarial drugs and health service capacity. It provides recommendations on treatment of uncomplicated and severe malaria in all age groups all endemic areas in special populations and several complex situations. In addition on the use of antimalarial drugs as preventive therapy in healthy people living in malaria-endemic areas who are high risk in order to reduce morbidity and mortality from malaria. The Guidelines are designed primarily for policy-makers in ministries of health who formulate country-specific treatment guidelines. Other groups that may find them useful include health professionals and public health and policy specialists that are partners in health or malaria control and the pharmaceutical industry. The treatment recommendations in the main document are brief; for those who wish to study the evidence base in more detail a series of annexes is provided with references to the appropriate sections of the main document.