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Book Analysis of Helicopter Maneuver loads and Rotor loads Flight test Data

Download or read book Analysis of Helicopter Maneuver loads and Rotor loads Flight test Data written by Edward A. Beno and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was conducted in which available airload and blade response data for the NH-3A and CH-53A rotors were analyzed in an attempt to provide greater insight into the sources of rotor vibratory loads in both level and maneuvering flight. Primary emphasis in the study was placed on examining and understanding causes of high-frequency rotor control loads. Secondary objectives were: (1) to examine the effect of number of rotor blades on hub vibratory shear forces and (2) to assess which of the many terms appearing in the hub vibratory shear force expression were of most significance.

Book Investigation of Helicopter Control Loads Induced by Stall Flutter

Download or read book Investigation of Helicopter Control Loads Induced by Stall Flutter written by P. J. Arcidiacono and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytical study was conducted to determine if available unsteady normal force and moment aerodynamic test data could be used in conjunction with existing helicopter rotor aeroelastic and variable inflow analyses to provide a method for predicting the stall flutter response of a helicopter rotor blade. For this purpose, incompressible unsteady aerodynamic data for an NACA 0012 airfoil executing pure sinusoidal pitching motions were employed. To apply such data under rotor blade operating conditions where multiharmonic motions and velocity variations exist, the data were expressed as functions of instantaneous section angle of attack, angular velocity, and angular acceleration. In addition, scaling procedures were developed in an attempt to account for the effects of compressibility. Limited application of the resulting analysis to define the aeroelastic characteristics of several blade designs showed that significant self-excited torsional oscillations of the stall flutter type could, in fact, be predicted for certain combinations of flight conditions and blade designs. Correlation studies, to evaluate the ability of the analysis to predict control loads, were performed with CH-53A maneuvering flight test data and with level flight test data from the NH-3A (S-61F). (Author).

Book Flight Test Identification and Simulation of a UH 60A Helicopter and Slung Load

Download or read book Flight Test Identification and Simulation of a UH 60A Helicopter and Slung Load written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helicopter slung-load operations are common in both military and civil contexts. Helicopters and loads are often qualified for these operations by means of flight tests, which can be expensive and time consuming. There is significant potential to reduce such costs both through revisions in flight-test methods and by using validated simulation models. To these ends, flight tests were conducted at Moffett Field to demonstrate the identification of key dynamic parameters during flight tests (aircraft stability margins and handling-qualities parameters, and load pendulum stability), and to accumulate a data base for simulation development and validation. The test aircraft was a UH-60A Black Hawk, and the primary test load was an instrumented 8- by 6- by 6-ft cargo container. Tests were focused on the lateral and longitudinal axes, which are the axes most affected by the load pendulum modes in the frequency range of interest for handling qualities; tests were conducted at airspeeds from hover to 80 knots. Using telemetered data, the dynamic parameters were evaluated in near real time after each test airspeed and before clearing the aircraft to the next test point. These computations were completed in under 1 min. A simulation model was implemented by integrating an advanced model of the UH-60A aerodynamics, dynamic equations for the two-body slung-load system, and load static aerodynamics obtained from wind-tunnel measurements. Comparisons with flight data for the helicopter alone and with a slung load showed good overall agreement for all parameters and test points; however, unmodeled secondary dynamic losses around 2 Hz were found in the helicopter model and they resulted in conservative stability margin estimates.

Book A Flight Test Program to Investigate Methods of Improving Compound Helicopter Maneuver Capability

Download or read book A Flight Test Program to Investigate Methods of Improving Compound Helicopter Maneuver Capability written by ARMY AVIATION MATERIEL COMMAND ST LOUIS MO. and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report summarizes the preliminary results of a flight research program conducted on the UH-2 compound helicopter for the acquisition of data relative to improving the maneuver capabilities of compound helicopters. The subject program was conducted during the period from 6 October 1965 through 25 January 1966. A total of 25 flights, involving 13.2 hours of aircraft time were conducted. Detailed results and analysis thereof will be included in the final report currently in preparation. Specifically, the program encompassed three areas of technical significance. (1) Wing/rotor load sharing during development of load factor buildup in a series of programmed symmetrical pullup maneuvers. (2) Evaluation of automatic rotor load reduction by collective pitch reduction as a function of increasing load factor for a series of programmed symmetrical pullup maneuvers. (3) The use of aerodynamic control surfaces (ailerons) to augment rotor roll control power. (Author).

Book Correlation of Airloads on a Two bladed Helicopter Rotor

Download or read book Correlation of Airloads on a Two bladed Helicopter Rotor written by Francisco J. Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Investigation of Helicopter Control Loads Induced by Stall Flutter

Download or read book Investigation of Helicopter Control Loads Induced by Stall Flutter written by Peter J. Arcidiacono and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytical study was conducted to determine if available unsteady normal force and moment aerodynamic test data could be used in conjunction with existing helicopter rotor aeroelastic and variable inflow analyses to provide a method for predicting the stall flutter response of a helicopter rotor blade. For this purpose, incompressible unsteady aerodynamic data for an NACA 0012 airfoil executing pure sinusoidal pitching motions were employed. To apply such data under rotor blade operating conditions where multiharmonic motions and velocity variations exist, the data were expressed as functions of instantaneous section angle of attack, angular velocity, and angular acceleration. In addition, scaling procedures were developed in an attempt to account for the effects of compressibility. Limited application of the resulting analysis to define the aeroelastic characteristics of several blade designs showed that significant self-excited torsional oscillations of the stall flutter type could, in fact, be predicted for certain combinations of flight conditions and blade designs. Correlation studies, to evaluate the ability of the analysis to predict control loads, were performed with CH-53A maneuvering flight test data and with level flight test data from the NH-3A (S-61F). (Author).

Book Flight Testing and Real Time System Identification Analysis of a UH 60A Black Hawk Helicopter with an Instrumented External Sling Load

Download or read book Flight Testing and Real Time System Identification Analysis of a UH 60A Black Hawk Helicopter with an Instrumented External Sling Load written by Allen H. McCoy and published by . This book was released on 1997-12 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, helicopter and load combinations have been qualified through flight testing, requiring considerable time and cost. With advancements in simulation and flight test techniques, there is potential to substantially reduce costs and increase the safety of helicopter sling load certification. Validated simulation tools make possible accurate prediction of operational flight characteristics before initial flight tests. Real time analysis of test data improves the safety and efficiency of the testing programs. To advance these concepts, the US Army and NASA, in cooperation with the Israeli Air Force and Technion, under a Memorandum of Agreement, seek to develop and validate a numerical model of the UH-60 with sling load and demonstrate a method of near real time flight test analysis. This thesis presents results from flight tests of a US Army Black Hawk helicopter with various external loads. Tests were conducted as the US first phase of this MOA task. The primary load was a container express box (CONEX), which contained a compact instrumentation package. The flights covered the airspeed range from hover to 70 knots. Primary maneuvers were pitch and roll frequency sweeps, steps, and doublets. Results of the test determined the effect of the suspended load on both the aircraft's handling qualities and it's control system's stability margins. Included were calculations of the stability characteristics of the load's pendular motion. Utilizing CIFER software, a method for near-real time system identification was also demonstrated during the flight test program.

Book Correlation of Airloads on a Two Bladed Helicopter Rotor

Download or read book Correlation of Airloads on a Two Bladed Helicopter Rotor written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airloads measured on a two-bladed helicopter rotor in flight during the Ames' Tip Aerodynamic and Acoustic Test are compared with calculations from a comprehensive helicopter analysis (CAMRAD/JA), and the pressures compared with calculations from a full-potential rotor code (FPR). The flight-test results cover an advance ratio range of 0.19 to 0.38. The lowest-speed case is characterized by the presence of significant blade-vortex interactions. Good correlation of peak-to-peak vortex-induced loads and the corresponding pressures is obtained. Results of the correlation for this two-bladed rotor are substantially similar to those for three- and four-bladed rotors, including the tip-vortex core size for best correlation, calculation of the peak-to-peak loads on the retreating side, and calculation of vortex iduced loads on inboard radial stations. The higher-speed cases are characterized by the presence of transonic flow on the outboard sections of the blade. Comparison of calculated and measured airloads on the advancing side is not considered appropriate because the presence of shocks makes chordwise integration of the measured data difficult. However, good correlation of the corresponding pressures is obtained. Fernandez, Francisco J. and Johnson, Wayne Ames Research Center RTOP 505-59-36...

Book Physics Based Prediction of Aeromechanical Loads for the UH 60A Rotor

Download or read book Physics Based Prediction of Aeromechanical Loads for the UH 60A Rotor written by Ritu Priyanka Marpu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helicopters in forward flight experience complex aerodynamic phenomena to various degrees. In low speed level flight, the vortex wake remains close to the rotor disk and interacts with the rotor blades to give rise to blade vortex interaction phenomena. In high speed flight, compressibility effects dominate leading to the formation of shocks. If the required thrust is high, the combination of high collective pitch and cyclic pitch variations give rise to three-dimensional dynamic stall phenomena. Maneuvers further exacerbate the unsteady airloads and affect rotor and hub design. The strength and durability of the rotor blades and hub components is dependent on accurate estimates of peak-to-peak structural loads. Accurate knowledge of control loads is important for sizing the expensive swash-plate components and assuring long fatigue life. Over the last two decades, computational tools have been developed for modeling rotorcraft aeromechanics. In spite of this progress, loads prediction in unsteady maneuvers which is critical for peak design loads continues to be a challenging task. The primary goal of this research effort is to investigate important physical phenomena that cause severe loads on the rotor in steady flight and in extreme maneuvers. The present work utilizes a hybrid Navier-Stokes/free-wake CFD methodology coupled to a finite element based multi-body dynamics analysis to systematically study steady level and maneuvering flight conditions. Computational results are presented for the UH-60A rotor for a parametric sweep of speed and thrust conditions and correlated with test data at the NFAC Wind Tunnel. Good agreement with test data has been achieved using the current methodology for trim settings and integrated hub loads, torque, and power. Two severe diving turn maneuvers for the UH-60A recorded in the NASA/Army Airloads Flight Tests Database have also been investigated. These maneuvers are characterized by high load factors and high speed flight. The helicopter experiences significant vibration during these maneuvers. Mean and peak-to-peak structural loads and extensive stall phenomena including an advancing side stall phenomena have been captured by the present analyses.

Book Computation of Rotor Aerodynamic Loads in Forward Flight Using a Full Span Free Wake Analysis

Download or read book Computation of Rotor Aerodynamic Loads in Forward Flight Using a Full Span Free Wake Analysis written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of an advanced computational analysis of unsteady aerodynamic loads on isolated helicopter rotors in forward flight is described. The primary technical focus of the development was the implementation of a freely distorting filamentary wake model composed of curved vortex elements laid out along contours of constant vortex sheet strength in the wake. This model captures the wake generated by the full span of each rotor blade and makes possible a unified treatment of the shed and trailed vorticity in the wake. This wake model was coupled to a modal analysis of the rotor blade dynamics and a vortex lattice treatment of the aerodynamic loads to produce a comprehensive model for rotor performance and air loads in forward flight dubbed RotorCRAFT (Computation of Rotor Aerodynamics in Forward Flight). The technical background on the major components of this analysis are discussed and the correlation of predictions of performance, trim, and unsteady air loads with experimental data from several representative rotor configurations is examined. The primary conclusions of this study are that the RotorCRAFT analysis correlates well with measured loads on a variety of configurations and that application of the full span free wake model is required to capture several important features of the vibratory loading on rotor blades in forward flight. Quackenbush, Todd R. and Bliss, Donald B. and Wachspress, Daniel A. and Boschitsch, Alexander H. and Chua, Kiat Unspecified Center AERODYNAMIC LOADS; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; HELICOPTERS; HORIZONTAL FLIGHT; ROTARY WINGS; ROTOR AERODYNAMICS; ROTOR DYNAMICS; WAKES; UNSTEADY AERODYNAMICS; VIBRATORY LOADS; VORTEX SHEETS; VORTICES...

Book Certification of Normal Category Rotorcraft

Download or read book Certification of Normal Category Rotorcraft written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: