Download or read book An Investigation of Real Gas Effects in Supercritical CO2 Compressors written by Nikola Dimitrov Baltadjiev and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a comprehensive assessment of real gas effects on the performance and matching of centrifugal compressors operating with CO2 at supercritical conditions. The analytical framework combines first principles based modeling with targeted numerical simulations to characterize the internal flow behavior of supercritical fluids with implications for turbomachinery design and analysis. Trends in gas dynamic behavior, not observed for ideal fluids, are investigated using the influence coefficients for compressible channel flow derived for real gas. The variation in the properties of CO2 and the expansion through the vapor-pressure curve due to local flow acceleration are identified as possible mechanisms for performance and operability issues observed near the critical point. The performance of a centrifugal compressor stage is assessed at different thermodynamic conditions relative to the critical point using high fidelity simulations. The results indicate a reduction of 9% in the choke margin of the stage compared to its performance at ideal gas conditions due to variations in real gas properties. Compressor stage matching is also impacted by real gas effects as the excursion in corrected mass flow per unit area from inlet to outlet increases by 5%. Investigation of the flow field near the impeller leading edge at high flow coefficients shows that local flow acceleration causes the thermodynamic conditions to reach the vapor-pressure curve. The significance of two-phase flow effects is determined through a non-dimensional parameter that relates the time required for liquid droplet formation to the residence time of the flow under saturation conditions. Applying this criterion to the candidate compressor stage shows that condensation is not a concern at the investigated operating conditions. In the immediate vicinity of the critical point however, this effect is expected to become more prominent. While the focus of this analysis is on supercritical CO2 compressors for carbon capture and sequestration, the methodology is directly applicable to other non-conventional fluids and applications. Experimental work is proposed to validate the key concepts and findings of this thesis.

Download or read book Investigation of Real Gas Effects on Centrifugal Compressor Analytical Methods for Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles written by Lauren Alexandra Blanchette and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Furthermore, the boundary conditions for the CFD analysis were derived through the mean line analysis of the centrifugal compressor to carry out the 3D study of the sCO2 impeller blade. As the Span and Wagner equation of state has been proven to be the most accurate when working in the vicinity of the critical point, this real gas equation of state was implemented in both analyses. Consequently, a better understanding was developed on best practices for modeling a real gas sCO2 centrifugal compressor along with the limitations that currently exist when utilizing commercial CFD solvers. Furthermore, the resulting performance and aerodynamic behavior from the 1D analysis were compared with the predicted conclusions from the CFD analysis. Past literature studies on sCO2 compressor analysis methodology have been focused on small scale power cycles. This work served as the first comparison of 1D and 3D analysis methodology for large scale sCO2 centrifugal compressors.

Download or read book Development and Investigation of a Centrifugal Compressor for 10 MWe Brayton Cycles Using Supercritical CO2 written by Javad Hosseinpour and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1960s the idea of using supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) as the working fluid in a Brayton power cycle has been entertained. But due to technical limitations of the time, the idea did not progress forward much. Presently, due to the availability of more knowledge, better technological platform, and advanced analysis tools, many believe it is time to revisit the idea of using carbon dioxide as the working fluid for power generation. Theoretically, the concept of a closed-loop s-CO2 Brayton cycle is highly attractive and promising; however, there is yet a major hurdle to be passed, namely the designing, developing, and testing of a reasonable size (10 MWe or higher) prototype of an s-CO2 Brayton-cycle-based power gas turbine. Specifically, designing a stable s-CO2 compressor is one of the main challenges that need to be addressed. In this dissertation, a supercritical CO2Brayton cycle design tool in Microsoft Excel coupled with CoolProp real gas NIST database was developed to optimize and analyze the power cycles as well as obtain the best operating conditions for an s-CO2 compressor working in a 10 MWe power cycle. Then, three s-CO2 Brayton cycles, namely simple recuperated, recompression, and dual turbine cycles were reconfigured to produce 11.11 MW (10 MWe) output net power. The results were compared to the conventional Brayton cycle as the basic s-CO2 layout. It was shown that the recompression cycle had the highest efficiency, but the highest back-work ratio and the lowest specific work. Furthermore, the reconfigured simple recuperated cycle had a thermal efficiency of 43.2% with a specific work of 125.13 kJ/kg, which is in a moderate range between the dual turbine and recompression cycles. The lower capital cost of the simple cycle suggests it could be a viable option for commercialization. Furthermore, a new compressor design procedure was introduced and developed for s-CO2 centrifugal compressors with a pinched diffuser under on-design and off-design conditions in MATLAB. The developed codes aimed to obtain a stable supercritical CO2 compressor design and to predict the performance of s-CO2 compressors by considering Span-Wagner real gas equation of state, condensation limit, as well as internal and external losses. The procedure was validated with experimental results for an air compressor and Sandia's s-CO2 compressor to examine the validity of the meanline code. The efficiency and pressure ratio obtained from the 1-D code were compared to CFD results and showed reasonable agreement with experimental data. It was found that there was an overprediction due to not considering the volute in the design at higher mass flow rates. By comparing the total-to-static efficiency of Sandia's compressor with 1-D code and CFD, it was found that while the CFD results match the experimental data, the code could not calculate the total-to-static efficiency of Sandia's compressor for the mass flow rates below 2.5 kg/s. Besides, a new impeller with a vaneless pinched diffuser was proposed, which achieved a compressor efficiency of 90.62% with an excellent operating range of 47.8%. The results matched well with simulations for different mass flow rates at the design speedline of 20,000 RPM. Additionally, the internal behavior of s-CO2 was studied at the choke condition and a new analogy between the compressor passage and a converging-diverging nozzle was made for the high limit of the performance map. Besides, a loss analysis in the proposed s-CO2 compressor was performed, revealing that 75.8% of the total enthalpy loss was due to internal losses. Finally, the condensation contours were studied and the results highlighted that condensation is unavoidable in an s-CO2 centrifugal compressor; however, the condensation does not cause damage or affect the compressor's performance.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Non Ideal Compressible Fluid Dynamics for Propulsion and Power written by Matteo Pini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-12 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a collection of the main contributions from the third edition of the NICFD conference, organized by the Special Interest Group on Non-Ideal Compressible Fluid Dynamics (SIG-49). It provides insight on the latest research findings in the field of NICFD that are relevant to a number of engineering applications related to the conversion of renewable and waste energy sources, like organic Rankine cycles, supercritical CO2 cycle power plants, combustors operating with supercritical fluids, and heat pumps. The various chapters of the book document research encompassing theoretical, computational, and experimental aspects of the gas dynamics of non-ideal reactive and non-reactive flows and their impact for the design of internal flow components (turbomachinery, heat exchangers, combustors). Since the accurate calculation of fluid thermo-physical properties is of great concern in NICFD, all the chapters address this problem by describing state-of-the-art models for the characterization of the properties of pure fluids and mixtures.

Download or read book Simulation Tools and Methods for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Radial Inflow Turbine written by Jianhui Qi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To protect the Earth, China has launched its target of peaking carbon dioxide emissions by 2030, and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 , which greatly encourages the use and development of renewable energy. Supercritical CO2 power cycle is a promising technology and the radial inflow turbine is the most important component of it, whose design and optimisation are considered as great challenges. This book introduces simulation tools and methods for supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine, including a high fidelity quasi-one-dimensional design procedure, a non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics Riemann solver within open-source CFD software OpenFOAM framework, and a multi-objective Nelder–Mead geometry optimiser. Enhanced one-dimensional loss models are presented for providing a new insight towards the preliminary design of the supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine. Since the flow phenomena within the blade channels are complex, involving fluid flow, shock wave transmission and boundary layer separation, only employing the ideal gas model is inadequate to predict the performance of the turbine. Thus, a non-ideal compressible fluid dynamics Riemann solver based on OpenFOAM library is developed. This book addresses the issues related to the turbine design and blade optimization and provides leading techniques. Hence, this book is of great value for the readers working on the supercritical CO2 radial inflow turbine and understanding the knowledge of CFD and turbomachinery.

Download or read book Investigation of the Supercritical CO2 Cycle written by Hong Son Pham and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study first evaluates the thermodynamic performance of the supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2) cycle in a large range of heat source temperature, with a focus on the nuclear applications; a thermal efficiency of 45.7% is reported for a Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor. Second, CFD simulations have been performed on a small scale sc-CO2 compressor and results have been confronted positively with the experimental data. Simulation results on a real scale compressor have then revealed some particularities during the compression of a real fluid, providing feedbacks for the component design. In addition, a reliable performance maps approach has been proposed for the sc-CO2 compressor and validated using the CFD results. Finally, an investigation of bubble collapse in the liquid CO2 near the critical point has disclosed the likely absence of detrimental effects. As such, risks of cavitation damage should be low, favoring the compressor operation in the liquid region for cycle efficiency improvement.

Download or read book Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics written by Ron Darby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers with the most current, accurate, and practical fluid mechanics related applications that the practicing BS level engineer needs today in the chemical and related industries, in addition to a fundamental understanding of these applications based upon sound fundamental basic scientific principles. The emphasis remains on problem solving, and the new edition includes many more examples.

Download or read book Radial Flow Turbocompressors written by Michael Casey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-10 with total page 789 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the theory and engineering practice that underpins the component design and analysis of radial flow turbocompressors. Drawing upon an extensive theoretical background and years of practical experience, the authors provide descriptions of applications, concepts, component design, analysis tools, performance maps, flow stability, and structural integrity, with illustrative examples. Features wide coverage of all types of radial compressor over many applications unified by the consistent use of dimensional analysis. Discusses the methods needed to analyse the performance, flow, and mechanical integrity that underpin the design of efficient centrifugal compressors with good flow range and stability. Includes explanation of the design of all radial compressor components, including inlet guide vanes, impellers, diffusers, volutes, return channels, de-swirl vanes and side-streams. Suitable as a reference for advanced students of turbomachinery, and a perfect tool for practising mechanical and aerospace engineers already within the field and those just entering it.

Download or read book Machinery and Energy Systems for the Hydrogen Economy written by Klaus Brun and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-06-17 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machinery and Energy Systems for the Hydrogen Economy covers all major machinery and heat engine types, designs and requirements for the hydrogen economy, from production through storage, distribution and consumption. Topics such as hydrogen in pipeline transport, for energy storage, and as a power plant fuel are covered in detail. Hydrogen machinery applications, their selection criteria, economics, safety aspects and operational limitations in different sectors of the hydrogen economy are also discussed. Although the book covers the hydrogen economy as a whole, its primary focus is on machinery and heat engine design and implementation within various production, transport, storage and usage applications. An invaluable resource for industry, academia and government, this book provides engineers, scientists and technical leaders with the knowledge they need to design and build the infrastructure of a hydrogen economy. Provides design and application guidelines for hydrogen production, transportation, storage, distribution, and usage Addresses all safety issues related to hydrogen machinery and systems Discusses efficiencies, costs, and operational requirements for the hydrogen economy

Download or read book Centrifugal Compressors written by Ronald H. Aungier and published by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This book was released on 2000 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mechanical engineer with a Pennsylvania turbomachinery company, A ungier describes his own system and strategy for designing and analyzing centrifugal compressor aerodynamics. To address the novice as well as the experienced in the field, he presents the basic thermodynamic and fluid dynamic principles, empirical models, and key numerical methods that form the basis of his methods. His strategy, or design practice, he found harder to describe because it involves a process of reasoning rather than following an established set of principles. He recognizes that his is only one of many possible methods, but makes no effort to compare or contrast his with any other.

Download or read book Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide SCO2 Based Power Cycles written by Klaus Brun and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-09 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals and Applications of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO2) Based Power Cycles aims to provide engineers and researchers with an authoritative overview of research and technology in this area. Part One introduces the technology and reviews the properties of SCO2 relevant to power cycles. Other sections of the book address components for SCO2 power cycles, such as turbomachinery expanders, compressors, recuperators, and design challenges, such as the need for high-temperature materials. Chapters on key applications, including waste heat, nuclear power, fossil energy, geothermal and concentrated solar power are also included. The final section addresses major international research programs. Readers will learn about the attractive features of SC02 power cycles, which include a lower capital cost potential than the traditional cycle, and the compounding performance benefits from a more efficient thermodynamic cycle on balance of plant requirements, fuel use, and emissions. Represents the first book to focus exclusively on SC02 power cycles Contains detailed coverage of cycle fundamentals, key components, and design challenges Addresses the wide range of applications of SC02 power cycles, from more efficient electricity generation, to ship propulsion

Download or read book Mean line Analysis for Supercritical CO2 Centrifugal Compressors by Using Enthalpy Loss Coefficients written by Haikun Ren and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ASME 69 GT 102 written by Gianfranco Angelino and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Numerical Analysis of a Centrifugal Compressor Operating with Supercritical CO2 written by Emre Karaefe and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors written by Rene Van den Braembussche and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of fluid dynamic models and experimental results that can help solve problems in centrifugal compressors and modern techniques for a more efficient aerodynamic design. Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors isacomprehensive overview of the theoretical fluid dynamic models describing the flow in centrifugal compressors and the modern techniques for the design of more efficient centrifugal compressors. The author — a noted expert in the field, with over 40 years of experience — evaluates relevant numerical and analytical prediction models for centrifugal compressors with special attention to their accuracy and limitations. Relevant knowledge from the last century is linked with new insights obtained from modern CFD. Emphasis is to link the flow structure, performance and stability to the geometry of the different compressor components. Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors is an accessible resource that combines theory with experimental data and previous research with recent developments in computational design and optimization. This important resource Covers the basic information concerning fluid dynamics that are specific for centrifugal compressors and clarifies the differences with axial compressors Provides an overview of performance prediction models previously developed in combination with extra results from research conducted by the author Describes helpful numerical and analytical models for the flow in the different components in relation to flow stability, operating range and performance Includes the fundamental information for the aerodynamic design of more efficient centrifugal compressors Explains the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for the design and analysis of centrifugal compressors Written for engineers, researchers and designers in industry as well as for academics specializing in the field, Design and Analysis of Centrifugal Compressors offers an up to date overview of the information needed for the design of more effective centrifugal compressors.

Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by E. Kiran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density and they are therefore interesting and important as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the density the properties of these fluids can be customised and manipulated for a given process - physical or chemical transformation. Separation and processing using supercritical solvents such as CO2 are currently on-line commercially in the food, essential oils and polymer industries. Many agencies and industries are considering the use of supercritical water for waste remediation. Supercritical fluid chromatography represents another, major analytical application. Significant advances have recently been made in materials processing, ranging from particle formation to the creation of porous materials. The chapters in this book provide tutorial accounts of topical areas centred around: (1) phase equilibria, thermodynamics and equations of state; (2) critical behaviour, crossover effects; (3) transport and interfacial properties; (4) molecular modelling, computer simulation; (5) reactions, spectroscopy; (6) phase separation kinetics; (7) extractions; (8) applications to polymers, pharmaceuticals, natural materials and chromatography; (9) process scale-up.

Download or read book PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME TURBO EXPO 2020 written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: