Download or read book An Experimental Study of Foam Rheology and Its Impact on Foam Performance in the Fractured System written by Ying Yu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foam has been gaining increasing attention from the gas and oil industries for its mobility control ability, especially for the fractured system. However, its performance is negatively affected by its instability at elevated temperature and pressure. In this research, a comprehensive investigation of nitrogen foam morphology and bulk and in-situ foam rheology has been performed, utilizing the microscope, rheometer, and core-flooding system to explore the effect of chemicals and foam generation methods. We found a direct correlation between the shear and in-situ rheology of foam that allows the prediction of apparent in-situ viscosity based on bulk foam rheology. Then, we focused on scCO2 foam made with a recent category of chemicals, viscoelastic surfactants (VES). The scCO2 foam performance in reservoir conditions has been tested with the PVT cell and core-flooding system. We found a strong correlation between the viscosity/viscoelasticity of the VES systems and their performance as foam stabilizers in both bulk form and porous media. To the best of our knowledge, these results unveil, for the first time, the impact of surfactant viscosity/viscoelasticity on supercritical CO2 foam performance in bulk and porous media in a systematic manner. Finally, we applied the above knowledge of the foam to the fractured Berea sandstone system. We noticed the significant foam mobility control ability in the fractured system, and we concluded the effect of fracture surface roughness on foam flow performance in the presence and absence of oil.
Download or read book Foam Flow Through a Transparent Rough walled Rock Fracture written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents an experimental study of nitrogen, water, and aqueous foam flow through a transparent replica of a natural rough-walled rock fracture with a hydraulic aperture of roughly 30 [mu]m. It is established that single-phase flow of both nitrogen and water is well described by analogy to flow between parallel plates. Inertial effects caused by fracture roughness become important in single-phase flow as the Reynolds number approaches 1. Foam exhibits effective control of gas mobility. Foam flow resistances are approximately 10 to 20 times greater than those of nitrogen over foam qualities spanning from 0.60 to 0.99 indicating effective gas-mobility control. Because previous studies of foam flow have focused mainly upon unfractured porous media, little information is available about foam flow mechanisms in fractured media. The transparency of the fracture allowed flow visualization and demonstrated that foam rheology in fractured media depends upon bubble shape and size. Changes in flow behavior are directly tied to transitions in bubble morphology.
Download or read book Foam and Foam Films written by D. Exerowa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-12-11 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main physicochemical aspects of foam and foam films such as preparation, structure, properties, are considered, giving a special emphasis on foam stability. It is shown that the foam and foam films are an efficient object in the study of various surface phenomena and in establishing regularities common for different interfaces, in particular, water/oil interface. The techniques and results on foam films have an independent meaning and involve the latest achievement in this field, with a focus on authors' results. The book has an expressed monographic character. It reveals joint ideas, i.e. the quantitative approach in treating foams is based on foam film behaviour and the techniques for controlling the foam liquid content, developed by the authors. A major contribution represents the independent consideration of formation and stability of foam films in theoretical and experimental aspects. No monograph published so far reveals these topics in the mentioned manner. Data and information about foams, physicochemical characterization of surfactants, phospholipids and polymers can also be found. Furthermore, the book provides information about: techniques involved in the study of foam films and foam structure and properties; foam drainage; processes of destruction in gravitational and centrifugal fields; reasons for stability of films and their role in the processes running in the foam; mechanical, rheological, optical, thermophysical, electrical properties; foam destruction upon addition of antifoams (mechanism of destruction, techniques, application); scientific principles of controlling foam properties and their application in foam separation and concentration; enhanced oil recovery; thermodynamic and non-equilibrium properties of foam films, stabilized by surfactants, phospholipids and polymers; techniques for the study of surface forces; formation and stability of foam films; black films, including bilayers; new theories of stability of amphiphile bilayer; experiments involved in this stability; application in biology and medicine.
Download or read book Experimental Study of Mobility Control by Foams written by Lucas Gomes Pedroni and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis aimed at advancing our knowledge of the rheological behavior of foams in porous media. For that, we performed a comprehensive systematic petrophysical study of foam flow in porous media to determine the impact of foam quality, flow rate (interstitial velocity), permeability, pressure and gas composition on foam performance. Our findings show that the data obtained over a range of foam qualities, interstitial velocities and permeabilities converged to a power law master curve, independently of the flow regime, once the rheological behavior of strong foam was expressed in terms of apparent viscosity as a function of shear rate. The master curve obeys a power law with a universal exponent of -2/3. We found experimental and theoretical evidence in the literature for the value of the exponent. Our results also showed that foam was less effective in reducing gas mobility as pressure increased and that at sufficiently low pressures, the gas composition has no effect on foam performance. However, at high pressures, the gas composition becomes a determinant parameter, and all components must be considered. We found a master curve for foam performance which allows us to extrapolate foam efficiency for different compositions at different pressures. The experimental correlations obtained by these original approaches hold immense potential to advance the physical modeling of foam flow in porous media. Therefore, both approaches and correlations above can be used to refine foam flooding modeling, thus improving the simulation of Foam-EOR process and its reliability.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foams written by Isabelle Cantat and published by . This book was released on 2013-07-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, beginners, engineers, and researchers entering the field can easily find clear, up-to-date answers to their questions regarding the physical and physico-chemical properties of aqueous foams, as well as their numerous industrial applications, explained using current knowledge of their structure, their stability, and their rheology.
Download or read book Foams Physics Chemistry and Structure written by Ashley J. Wilson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foams and froths are an important feature of everyday life; one only has to think of shaving foam, foam upholstery, fire fighting foam, bread, bear head, and ice cream. Less obvious but equally important are the foams and foaming processes which are being exploited in ever more complex and imaginative ways in industry. However, the unusual nature of foams, the fact that they are neither solids or liquids, and their very fragility has prevented scientists from obtaining a thorough understanding of even the basic principles of foam formation and stability. This volume presents papers on the physics, chemistry, structure and ultrastructure of foams by contributors from a wide range of backgrounds and research disciplines. The aim of the book is to present a unique multi-disciplinary cross section of work currently being undertaken on the subject of foams.
Download or read book The Physics of Foams written by D. L. Weaire and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ordinary foams such as the head of a glass of beer and more exotic ones such as solid metallic foams raise many questions for the physicist and have attracted a substantial research community in recent years. The present book describes the results of extensive experiments, computer simulations, and theories in an authoritative yet informal style, making ample use of illustrations and photographs. As an introduction to the whole field of the physics of foams it puts a strong emphasis on liquids while also including solid foams. Simple, idealized models are adopted and their consequences explored. Specific topics include: structure, drainage, rheology, conductivity, and coarsening. A minimum of mathematics is used. Theory and experiment are described together at every stage. A guide to further reading is provided through carefully selected references. This is a complete and coherent introduction to the subject which no other modern text currently offers.
Download or read book Experimental Investigation on the Rheology of Foams written by Luis Fernando Ramon Bonilla Camacho and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Foam Displacement in Fractures written by Monrawee Pancharoen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foam flooding has been implemented in oil field applications, ranging from enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and oil well stimulation to workover and remedial well operations. In the EOR applications, foam has proven to be a promising tool for gas mobility control in gas injection processes. Increased oil recovery is mainly due to the reduction of channeling, gravity override, and viscous fingering. The mechanisms of foam flow resistance, generation, and coalescence are similar among fractured and unfractured media but the macroscopic expression of non-linear foam physics is different. Unlike foam bubble shape in porous media that is governed by pore configurations, the shape of bubbles in fractures is deformed freely according to interfacial tension and gas compressibility. The possibility of continuously varying gas-liquid curvature and the relationship of curvature to foam apparent viscosity results in different pressure drop behavior in fractures as gas flow rate and foam quality are varied. The use of the foam population-balance approach is extended to include the description of foam transport in fractures. We study numerically and experimentally foam flow resistance as a function of gas and liquid velocities and the degree of fracture heterogeneity. The full physics foam model is modified by incorporating the relationship of gas-liquid curvature change with foam flow conditions in the simulations. The foam flow resistance parameter is then calculated locally. The simulated fracture models include 1- and 2-dimensional heterogeneous and a radial homogeneous models. Model predictions compare favorably to experimental literature data. Investigation of the flow resistance of pre-generated foam flow was performed via coreflood experiments. Foam characteristics and flow resistance were studied using a visualization cell and a differential pressure transducer at different flow conditions. The use of an X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanner made it possible to investigate core characterization and in-situ liquid saturation within the core. The experimental results show the dependency of foam bubble characteristics on foam flow resistance. The foam injection demonstrates a mobility reduction factor of 4 to 6 when compared with the gas injection. Foam has an ability to divert injected fluids from fractures into the matrix. This ability, however, is affected by the contrast between fracture and matrix permeabilities. The population balance method of foam in fractures that incorporates the relationship of bubble configuration and foam resistance was verified and a good agreement was found between experimental results and model predictions. A fracture network model that consists of multiple fractures with various transmissibilities was used to study the ability of foam to increase sweep efficiency and redistribute injected fluids in the fracture network. Foam dynamics were investigated visually through a transparent plastic sheet on top of the model while differential pressures were measured using a differential pressure transducer. The experiment confirms that foam texture and bubble configuration play an important role in defining foam flow characteristics in fractures. Foam also demonstrates the ability to direct injected fluids from the higher permeability fractures to the lower permeability zone. Again, the population balance method of foam in fractures was verified and the model accurately reproduced experimental results.
Download or read book Exploitation of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources written by Kenneth Imo-Imo Israel Eshiet and published by . This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stimulation of unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs is proven to improve their productivity to an extent that has rendered them economically viable. Generally, the stimulation design is a complex process dependent on intertwining factors such as the history of the formation, rock and reservoir fluid type, lithology and structural layout of the formation, cost, time, etc. A holistic grasp of these can be daunting, especially for people without sufficient experience and/or expertise in the exploitation of unconventional hydrocarbon reserves. This book presents the key facets integral to producing unconventional resources, and how the different components, if pieced together, can be used to create an integrated stimulation design. Areas covered are as follows: • stimulation methods, • fracturing fluids, • mixing and behavior of reservoir fluids, • assessment of reservoir performance, • integration of surface drilling data, • estimation of geomechanical properties and hydrocarbon saturation, and • health and safety. Exploitation of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources: Hydraulic Fracturing and Other Recovery and Assessment Techniques is an excellent introduction to the subject area of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, but it also complements existing information in the same discipline. It is an essential text for higher education students and professionals in academia, research, and the industry.
Download or read book Foams written by RobertK. Prud'homme and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses the physics and physical processes of foam and foaming. It delineates various measurement techniques for characterizing foams and foam properties as well as the chemistry and application of foams. The use of foams in the textile industry, personal care products, enhanced oil recovery, firefighting and mineral floatation are highlighted, and the connection between the microstructure and physical properties of foam are detailed. Coverage includes nonaqueous foams and silicone antifoams, and more.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rheology of Foam and Its Implications in Drilling and Cleanout Operations written by Vikash Sanghani and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modelling and Experimental Investigation of Foam Displacement in Pore Networks written by Jun Yang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foam is a complicated but fascinating fluid being widely involved in almost every technological step in petroleum industry, from drilling, well stimulation, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), production, to refining process. Its instability and unique rheology make foam one of most complicated fluids encountered in petroleum industry. From the perspective of applied science, foam is formed in-situ while gas flow being made discontinuous by thin liquid film called lamellae. Yield stress-like resistance exerted on discontinuous gas phase makes it temporarily immobile in-situ. Continuing lamellae generation, thinning, and rupture accompany with non-linear displacement of foam in porous media. These features make foam displacement more unpredictable comparing with other fluids studied in reservoirs. Currently, numerous research has been done to study integrative phenomena of foam process in porous media in macroscopic scale in past decades. However, several critical problems related to pore-level foam displacement remain unresolved until recent development in technologies of pore-scale modeling and microfluidic devices, that made it approachable to evaluate and predict foam behavior from a much smaller scale. Pore-scale foaming process and corresponding interfacial phenomena are studied experimentally and theoretically in this work to fill the gap of understanding in foam behavior wihtin the scale ranging from dozens of nanometers to hundreds of micrometers. In the experimental part of this thesis, microfluidic studies are carried out to reveal pore-scale mechanisms related to formation of lamellae-rich immobile foam bank, interfacial configuration of foam, and impact of oleic phase. Results of experimental investigation revealed pore-scale foaming phenomena including discontinuous propagation of lamellae with dynamic foam texture, blockage of highly permeable paths, formation of immobile foam bank and residual defending phase. Mobility adjustment ability of foam is not significant until that sufficient number of lamellae relocate and develop into immobile foam bank after breakthrough. Although weakening effect of oleic phase is remarkable on lamellae configuration, the performance of foam displacement in the presence of oil can still be optimized by appropriate adjustment on injecting and foaming strategy by balancing the competition between reestablishment of foam bank and activation of train-like discontinuous foam flow. As for the theoretical part, a novel pore-scale modeling method is proposed by integrating algorithm of invasion percolation with memory into the framework based on pore filling event network method to simulate foam displacement in pore network incorporated with impacts of wettability, improved description on grain-based pore geometry, and dynamic interface configuration during lamellae movement. After promising validation with literature and results collected in experimental parts, several attempts have been made to modify the proposed model by adding alternative boundary constraints, impact of heterogeneity, and extension of displacement scenarios being modeled. Results of proposed model capture key pore-scale phenomena during the processes of dynamic foam generation, coalescence, and propagation, which show the incorporation of features not been reported in previous studies, including underestimated effectiveness of displacement control by weak foam under constraints of strong capillarity, relation between distribution of lamellae-rich region, and impact of wettability on foam displacement.
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Foam Rheology and Friction Losses Through Coiled Tubing written by Sudhakar D. Khade and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
