Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Two dimensional Flame vortex Interactions written by Tsun-Wai Gary Yip and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vortex counterflow Flame Interaction written by Giuliano Amantini and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of the Interaction Between a K rm n Vortex Street and a Premixed Laminar Flame written by Izak Namer and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interaction of a premixed C2H4-air flame with a Karman vortex street was studied. Laser Doppler anemometry was used for velocity measurements and Rayleigh scattering was used to measure total gas density. A reference hotwire was used to enable phase-locked ensemble averaging to be performed on the data. The velocity measurements, for vortex shedding cylinder Reynolds numbers 73 and 110, indicated that the vortex street and, hence, the flow field upstream of the flame is deflected by the flame. This is due to the pressure drop across the flame which is necessary to accelerate the flow behind the flame. The vortices were not observed behind the flame. The combination of dilatation and increased dissipation 'consumed' the vortices. Density statistics obtained from Rayleigh scattering measurements were compared with predictions by the Bray-Moss-Libby (B-M-L) model which neglects intermediate states. Density fluctuations were overpredicted by the B-M-L model by a small amount for 73 and 110. The flame was essentially a wrinkled-laminar flame for these conditions. However, for (UD/v) = 500 the flame consisted of a distributed reaction zone and intermediate states accounted for as much as 80% of all states encountered in portions of the flame. The B-M-L model significantly overpredicted density fluctuation statistics for this condition. A qualitative comparison was made with numerical calculations by Karasalo and Namer for the time dependent interaction of a flame with an ideal Karman vortex street and suggestions for improving the model were made.

Download or read book Dynamics of Gaseous Combustion written by A. L. Kuhl and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1993 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stretch Induced Quenching in Flame Vortex Interactions written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The flame-vortex interaction problem is a natural configuration in which several issues relevant to turbulent combustion can be addressed: effect of strain-rate and curvature, effect of the Lewis number, effect of heat losses, effect of complex chemistry, and flame-generated turbulence. In such an approach, the interaction of an isolated vortex with a laminar premixed flame is viewed as a unit process of a turbulent premixed flame in which the reaction zone keeps a laminar like structure locally; this is precisely the case of the wrinkled flame or flamelet regime in turbulent combustion. The present work complements previous studies and involves the study of the interaction of a vortex pair and a laminar premixed flame in a planar two-dimensional geometry, together with numerical simulations. This geometry is quite unique since most studies have considered axisymmetric vortex rings. Such a geometry offers several advantages over previous studies. Samaniego, J.-M. ...

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of the Interaction of Two Parallel Diffusion Flames written by Wen-Chen Huang and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments 3 written by G. Bergeles and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and discussses new developments in the area of turbulence modelling and measurements, with particular emphasis on engineering-related problems. At present, turbulence is one of the key issues in tackling engineering flow problems. Powerful computers and numerical methods are now available for solving the flow equations, but the simulation of turbulence effects which are nearly always important in practice, is still in an unsatisfactory state and introduces considerable uncertainities in the accuracy of CFD calculations. These and other aspects of turbulence modelling and measurements are dealt with in detail by experts in the field. The resulting book is an up-to-date review of the most recent research in this exciting area.

Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Regimes of Non Premixed Flame Vortex Interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed studies of flame-vortex interactions are extremely valuable to improve our understanding of turbulent combustion regimes. Combined experimental and numerical studies have already been performed in the premixed case during previous investigations. Therefore, we decided to carry out a detailed experimental investigation on the regimes observed during interaction of a vortex ring and a non-premixed, diluted, hydrogen/air, laminar counterflow flame. To obtain the needed information, several optical diagnostic techniques have been used, in particular, planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of acetone to quantify vortex structure and speed, simultaneous OH PLIF and Rayleigh measurements, and simultaneous OH PLIF and particle-imaging velocimetry (PIV) measurements. A post-processing of the results combined with direct simulations using detailed chemistry and transport models to check the quality of the postprocessing procedures has led to the construction of a spectral interaction diagram. Eight interaction types were found, emphasizing the relative importance of competing physical phenomena such as straining, curvature, wrinkling, roll-up, and extinction. In particular, we observe two different types of extinction, one due to the combined action of curvature and straining, and the other purely due to straining effects. It was also observed that many vortices are too small or dissipate too rapidly to influence the flame. In other cases, the vortex ring can lead to the formation of pockets of oxidizer burning in the fuel part of the domain. These regimes and the limits between them have important implications for the modeling of turbulent non-premixed combustion.

Download or read book Investigation of a Spark Ignition Flame Kernel Interacting with a Laminar Vortex Toroid written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemistry-turbulence interactions play a critical role in most practical combustion environments. Understanding the interaction between a flame kernel and a vortex is an important fundamental step. This dissertation presents high-speed movies of combustion luminosity during the interaction of a laminar vortex toroid with a spark -generated premixed flame kernel in a quiescent combustion chamber. The resulting time evolution of the perturbed flame kernel shows that laminar vortices of various sizes and vortex strengths can increase the kernel growth rate by at least a factor of 3 and significantly increase combustion reaction rates by involving additional highly curved and stretched flame fronts. This dissertation also describes experiments that were conducted to study the Lewis number effect on the flame kernel-vortex interaction. The influence of a time varying strain rate on kernel growth was investigated by studying both lean methane-air (thermo-diffusively unstable) and lean propane-air (thermo-diffusively stable) flame kernels, using both natural CH/OH emission image sequences acquired by a high-speed intensified camera to show details of the disturbed flame kernel growth, and OH-PLIF images to determine the true two-dimensional nature of the interaction. Significant differences are observed in the highly curved regions on the backside of the invading vortex in the two different mixtures. Lewis number effects on local burning rate variations, flame front wrinkling, and pocket formation are reported, and in general, the results are in agreement with predictions from asymptotic theory assuming low stretch rates. Local mixture enrichment by direct injection in the vicinity of the spark plug at the time of ignition can affect flame kernel development and extend the lean limit of flammability of a fuel/air mixture. In the third set of the experiments, flame kernels were ignited in a lean premixed CH4/air mixture with an equivalence ratio of 0.6, while CH4/air mixtur.

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Local Displacement Speeds of Wrinkled Unsteady Flames written by José Oscar Sinibaldi and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Progress In Astronautics and Aeronautics written by A. A. Borisov and published by AIAA. This book was released on 1991 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book NASA Technical Memorandum written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamics of Interacting Turbulent Flames written by Ankit Tyagi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigates the physics of interactions between turbulent premixed flames. It is known that multiple flame configurations provide better stability characteristics compared to a large single-flame. However, the advantages of multiple flames are limited by flame proximity as flame-flame interactions tend to reduce the burning efficiency of the reactant gases. Previous studies have shown that interactions between multiple flames directly impact the flame structure and its propagation, resulting in reduced burning efficiency. Previous experimental studies of interacting flames addressed flame-flame interactions investigating their effects on combustor stability and efficiency from a global perspective. However, the local flame-flame interaction physics was not addressed comprehensively, in part because these studies were limited to specific flow and flame configurations. In particular, these studies focused on swirling flames in bluff-body configurations typical of modern combustor geometries. Furthermore, these studies lacked flowfield measurements and were limited to flame structure and heat release rate measurements due to the complex nature of the experimental configurations. Much of the work to date on understanding the local physics of interactions comes from direct numerical simulations (DNS), but these studies treated idealized configurations of limited practical utility.To bridge these two gaps, an experimental investigation of flame-flame interactions was performed using a dual-burner rig, composed of two flames, built to facilitate precise variations in flame spacing. This rig was designed to operate in different configurations. These facilitated the focus on local interaction physics. In particular, the rig was built to study interacting V-flames and Bunsen flames. Moreover, the design of the dual-burners permitted conducting studies of nonreacting flow interactions with flames to better understand local physics of the flame. Direct flame and flow measurements were performed to characterize the mutual interaction of flame and the local flowfield. In particular, flame structure and flow were characterized using synchronized OH-planar laser-induced fluorescence (OH-PLIF) and stereoscopic-particle image velocimetry (s-PIV). These measurements were performed at a sampling rate of 10 kHz to obtain converged statistics on flame-flame interactions. A novel image processing technique was implemented for robust detection and characterization of flame-flame interaction events from OH-PLIF images.Using this experimental approach, the following studies were conducted: i) effects of flame spacing on flame structure of interacting V-flames, ii) effects of multiple flames on frequency, topology, and orientation of local flame-flame interactions, iii) effects of high mean-shear flow on flame-flame interactions, and iv) effects of pocket formation on flame dynamics. In the first study, flame spacing variations in V-flames were found to directly impact flame attachment. For smaller flame spacings, recirculation of hot combustion products near the bluff-bodies facilitated a secondary flame branch attachment in the shear layers in the interaction regions. For larger flame spacing, the secondary attachment became intermittent, indicating that closer flame spacing resulted in better attachment and stability characteristics for these flames. In the second study, the presence of adjacent flames was found to directly impact the frequencies of flame-flame interaction events. Dual-flames showed lower reactant-side interactions rates and higher product-side interactions rates when compared with single-flames. For dual-flames, comparisons between interaction orientation and local strain rate orientation showed that compressive forces led to flame front merging or pinch-off. The third study, which focused on how mean shear affects the local flame dynamics, found that high-mean shear flows entrained the flame away from the center of the burner. This entrainment directly reduced interaction event frequencies along the flame branch closest to the high mean-shear flow, while interaction event frequency in the other branch increased. Finally, flame pocket formation was investigated and results showed that a majority of the reactant pockets burned-out, while a majority of the product pockets merged with the flame surface. These results suggested that pocket behavior in turbulent flames can change local flame dynamics and it is important to capture these effects to accurately predict flame behavior. Additionally, limitations of planar high-speed imaging techniques were explored and a statistical framework, using probabilistic models, was presented in the context of reactant pocket propagation. The outcome of this work provided improved uncertainty estimation for planar measurements in three-dimensional flows.This experimental investigation provided deeper insights into the local physics of flame-flame interactions, in practical configurations, using detailed flame and flow measurements. The presence of adjacent flames influenced the attachment characteristics and local flame structure that directly impacted the stability of these multiple flame configurations. Local compressive forces facilitated the occurrence of these events, highlighting the importance of changes to the flowfield due to adjacent flames. Pocket formation, which directly affected reactant gas burning efficiency, was found to occur frequently. Taken together, these results provided comprehensive insights into the effects of flame-flame interactions that enhance our understanding of the nature of interacting flames.

Download or read book Flows and Chemical Reactions in Homogeneous Mixtures written by Roger Prud'homme and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flows with chemical reactions can occur in various fields such as combustion, process engineering, aeronautics, the atmospheric environment and aquatics. The examples of application chosen in this book mainly concern homogeneous reactive mixtures that can occur in propellers within the fields of process engineering and combustion: – propagation of sound and monodimensional flows in nozzles, which may include disequilibria of the internal modes of the energy of molecules; – ideal chemical reactors, stabilization of their steady operation points in the homogeneous case of a perfect mixture and classical instruments of experimental and theoretical analysis such as population balances, and the distribution of residence and passage times; – laminar and turbulent flames, separating those which are premixed from those which are not and which do not exhibit the same mechanisms, but which also occur in the case of triple flames. Flows and Chemical Reactions in Homogeneous Mixtures provides information on dimensional analysis, statistical thermodynamics with coupling between internal modes and chemical reactions, the apparition and damping of fluid turbulence as well as its statistical processing, bifurcations, flames in a confined medium and diffusion. Contents 1. Flows in Nozzles. 2. Chemical Reactors. 3. Laminar and Turbulent Flames. Appendix 1. Dimensionless Numbers, Similarity. Appendix 2. Thermodynamic Functions. Appendix 3. Concepts of Turbulence. Appendix 4. Thermodynamic functions for a mixture in disequilibrium. Appendix 5. Notion of bifurcation. Appendix 6. Confined flame. Appendix 7. Limits of Validity of the First-order Expansions for Diffusion Flames.