Download or read book An Examination of the Behavioral Effects and Neural Correlates of Post learning Stress on Episodic Memory written by Andrew McArthur McCullough and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-learning stress has diverse effects on human memory, in that stress can both enhance and impair subsequent memory. While there are theories regarding the effects of post-learning stress on memory, the mechanisms underlying the effects are poorly understood. The current studies examine effects of post-learning stress on recognition memory, including examining the behavioral effects of stress on the cognitive processes supporting recognition (i.e., Recollection and Familiarity), and how the behavioral effects are related to the physiological response to stress. The current studies also examine the effects of post-learning stress on memory-related neural activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), including examining how stress alters which encoding activity is predictive of subsequent memory, and examining how post-learning stress alters retrieval activity that is correlated with successful recognition. These studies show that stress can enhance familiarity, and that stress can either enhance or impair recollection under difference circumstances. These studies also reveal a dissociation in the relationship between post-learning stress-induced cortisol responses and the cognitive processes of Recollection and Familiarity. That is, cortisol responses were linearly related to subsequent Familiarity, whereas cortisol responses were related to subsequent Recollection by a quadratic function. The fMRI results show that post-learning stress alters the neural activity that is associated with successful recollection during retrieval, and also reveal that stress alters how neural activity during encoding is related to subsequent memory. The implications of these results for theories of stress effects on memory are discussed.
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq
Download or read book Manipulating Memory written by Matthew Sazma and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now well established that acute stress shortly after encoding (i.e., post-encoding stress) can benefit episodic memory. In the first chapter, we briefly review the human literature examining the effects of post-encoding stress on episodic memory, and we relate that literature to studies of post-encoding manipulations of cortisol in humans, as well as studies of post-encoding stress and administration of corticosterone on analogous memory tasks in rodents. An examination of the literature reveals several important gaps in our understanding of stress and memory. For example, although the human literature shows that post-encoding stress generally improves memory, these effects are not observed if stress occurs in a different context from learning. Moreover, the rodent literature shows that post-encoding stress generally impairs memory instead of improving it, and these effects depend on whether the animal is habituated to the learning context prior to encoding. Although many aspects of the results support a cellular consolidation account of post-encoding stress, we present possible modifications, such as a network reset, to better account for the data. We also suggest that it is important to incorporate ideas of contextual binding in order to understanding the effects of post-encoding stress and glucocorticoids on memory. Chapter two tested a contextual binding account of post encoding stress by examining the effect of varying the context in which the stressor was experienced. Participants encoded a mixture of negative and neutral images, immediately followed by a stressor (i.e., socially evaluated cold pressor) or a non-stress control task. Half of the participants received the stress/control manipulation in the same context as the study materials and half were moved to another context (i.e., a different room with a different experimenter). Two days later all participants returned to the original study room and received a recognition memory test. The results indicated that stress increased recognition memory only when the stressor occurred in the same context as the study materials, whereas stress did not benefit memory if the stressor occurred in a different context. Moreover, stress related increases in salivary cortisol were related to increases in memory when the stressor occurred in the same context as the study materials but not when the context changed. Similar effects were observed for negative and neutral materials and for males and females. These results are consistent with a contextual binding account and suggest that stress acts on memory by enhancing the encoding of the ongoing context of the stressor which benefits memory for the immediately preceding events that share the same context. Chapter three investigated whether other post-encoding manipulations, such as increasing emotional arousal or engaging in novel spatial exploration would have similar beneficial effects on episodic memory. To address this issue, we conducted a series of five experiments using experimental paradigms which have been shown to produce post-encoding stress benefits. Experiments 1 and 2 examined memory for neutral and negative visual images, and showed that post-encoding arousal induced by viewing negative or positive film clips had no beneficial effects on recognition memory. Experiments 3 and 4 examined memory for verbal materials using a false memory paradigm, and indicated that post-encoding arousal had no beneficial effect on either true or false recognition memory. Finally, Experiment 5 showed that a post-encoding period of novelty exploration, also had no beneficial effect on memory for negative or neutral images. The results suggest that post-encoding periods of arousal and novelty do not appear to produce the types of memory benefits that are produced by stress.
Download or read book Remembering written by D. Stephen Lindsay and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 22 chapters in this volume, many of the world’s foremost memory scientists report on their cutting-edge research on the nature of human memory, with several chapters reporting new empirical studies that are being published for the first time. All the contributions are inspired by the work of Larry Jacoby on human memory, with his emphasis on episodic memory -- that is, the processes and mechanisms that enable us to remember our own past experiences. In addition, the volume reflects Jacoby's appreciation that memory enters into a wide range of psychological phenomena, including perceiving, attending, and performing. The stellar list of contributors and the breadth of coverage makes this volume essential reading for researchers and graduate students in cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience, as well as being a tribute and celebration of the inspirational, groundbreaking -- and ongoing -- work of Larry Jacoby.
Download or read book Content Reinstatement and Source Confidence During Episodic Memory Retrieval written by Emily K. Leiker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodic retrieval is the process of bringing information about a past experience from memory into conscious awareness. Variation in the retrieval process, in regard to content and quality of the information retrieved, is believed to rely on the reactivation of neural patterns of activity elicited during the original experience -- a process called neural reinstatement. Research in support of this idea has relied on participant reports of retrieval quality, but not content, to assess variation in retrieval. Without measuring the content of retrieval, it is unclear whether reinstatement underlies retrieval per se, or merely the evaluation of retrieval quality. The current study addressed this issue by examining the relationship between the magnitude of neural reinstatement during retrieval, and a direct behavioral measure of both retrieval content and quality. Participants viewed a series of words in the context of three encoding tasks, and then completed a memory test on a series of words in which they first identified the encoding task completed for a given word, and next rated their confidence in that decision. Pattern classification analyses were performed on fMRI data acquired during encoding and retrieval phases to index reinstatement, and reinstatement effects were examined according to the behavioral and neural correlates of source confidence. The findings support a relationship between reinstatement and variation in the content and quality of retrieval, and also suggest a role for regions such as left posterior parietal cortex in monitoring reinstated activity to guide decisions about retrieval quality.
Download or read book The Cognitive Neurosciences sixth edition written by David Poeppel and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-04-21 with total page 1241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixth edition of the foundational reference on cognitive neuroscience, with entirely new material that covers the latest research, experimental approaches, and measurement methodologies. Each edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive neuroscience. The sixth edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences continues to chart new directions in the study of the biological underpinnings of complex cognition—the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the nervous system and the psychological reality of the mind. It offers entirely new material, reflecting recent advances in the field, covering the latest research, experimental approaches, and measurement methodologies. This sixth edition treats such foundational topics as memory, attention, and language, as well as other areas, including computational models of cognition, reward and decision making, social neuroscience, scientific ethics, and methods advances. Over the last twenty-five years, the cognitive neurosciences have seen the development of sophisticated tools and methods, including computational approaches that generate enormous data sets. This volume deploys these exciting new instruments but also emphasizes the value of theory, behavior, observation, and other time-tested scientific habits. Section editors Sarah-Jayne Blakemore and Ulman Lindenberger, Kalanit Grill-Spector and Maria Chait, Tomás Ryan and Charan Ranganath, Sabine Kastner and Steven Luck, Stanislas Dehaene and Josh McDermott, Rich Ivry and John Krakauer, Daphna Shohamy and Wolfram Schultz, Danielle Bassett and Nikolaus Kriegeskorte, Marina Bedny and Alfonso Caramazza, Liina Pylkkänen and Karen Emmorey, Mauricio Delgado and Elizabeth Phelps, Anjan Chatterjee and Adina Roskies
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Human Memory Two Volume Pack written by Michael J. Kahana and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-04-26 with total page 2426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Human Memory provides an authoritative overview of the science of human memory, its application to clinical disorders, and its broader implications for learning and memory in real-world contexts. Organized into two volumes and eleven sections, the Handbook integrates behavioral, neural, and computational evidence with current theories of how we learn and remember. Overall, The Oxford Handbook of Human Memory documents the current state of knowledge in the field and provides a roadmap for the next generation of memory scientists, established peers, and practitioners.
Download or read book Stress Concepts Cognition Emotion and Behavior written by George Fink and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress: Concepts, Cognition, Emotion, and Behavior: Handbook in Stress Series, Volume 1, examines stress and its management in the workplace and is targeted at scientific and clinical researchers in biomedicine, psychology, and some aspects of the social sciences. The audience is appropriate faculty and graduate and undergraduate students interested in stress and its consequences. The format allows access to specific self-contained stress subsections without the need to purchase the whole nine volume Stress handbook series. This makes the publication much more affordable than the previously published four volume Encyclopedia of Stress (Elsevier 2007) in which stress subsections were arranged alphabetically and therefore required purchase of the whole work. This feature will be of special significance for individual scientists and clinicians, as well as laboratories. In this first volume of the series, the primary focus will be on general stress concepts as well as the areas of cognition, emotion, and behavior. Offers chapters with impressive scope, covering topics including the interactions between stress, cognition, emotion and behaviour Features articles carefully selected by eminent stress researchers and prepared by contributors representing outstanding scholarship in the field Includes rich illustrations with explanatory figures and tables Includes boxed call out sections that serve to explain key concepts and methods Allows access to specific self-contained stress subsections without the need to purchase the whole nine volume Stress handbook series
Download or read book Distinctiveness and Memory written by R. Reed Hunt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-06 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research relevant to the topic of distinctiveness and memory dates back over 100 years and boasts a literature of well over 2,000 published articles. Throughout this history, numerous theories of distinctiveness and memory have been offered and subsequently refined. There has, however, never been a book that brings this rich history together with the latest research. This volume is the first to present an historical overview, the results of the current research, and several new theories on distinctiveness and memory. Each chapter contains a review of the relevant literature and latest research on its topic. The book includes sections that cover basic theory and behavioral research on distinctiveness, bizarreness effects, distinctiveness effects on implicit memory, the development of distinctiveness across the lifespan, distinctiveness in social context, and the neuroscience of distinctiveness and memory. In the concluding chapter, Fergus Craik offers his current perspective on distinctiveness and evaluates the various other theories of distinctiveness presented in the volume. Distinctiveness and Memory will be a valuable resource for student and professional researchers in neuroscience and cognitive, developmental, and social psychology.
Download or read book Analyzing Neural Correlates of Episodic Memory written by Sean Patrick Wright and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Examination of the Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Conceptual Implicit Memory Familiarity based Recognition and Cued Recall written by Wei-chun Wang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognition memory judgments can be based on two dissociable processes: recollection and familiarity. It has recently been proposed that the perirhinal cortex (PRC)-mediated process supporting familiarity-based recognition may be related to other forms of mnemonic retrieval. Utilizing an individual differences approach, the first chapter of this dissertation investigates the extent to which familiarity- and recollection-based recognition are related to conceptual implicit memory and cued recall. Results indicate that familiarity is correlated with conceptual implicit memory whereas both recollection and familiarity are correlated with cued recall. Chapters two and three utilize patient lesion studies and functional MRI to assess the role of the PRC in conceptual implicit memory. We found that amnesic patients with damage to PRC are impaired in tasks assessing conceptual implicit memory and that PRC activity at encoding predicts subsequent conceptual, but not perceptual, implicit memory. In a follow-up study (Chapter 3), we report that PRC exhibited repetition-related suppression during conceptual priming, and also exhibited decreasing activity as a function of increasing memory confidence, or familiarity strength. Furthermore, PRC also exhibited greater activity for high confidence (i.e., recollected) items. The last chapter examines the role of the medial temporal lobes during cued recall, and results indicated that PRC is sensitive to the cued recall of abstract fractals encoded as items, whereas the parahippocampal cortex is sensitive to the cued recall of abstract fractals encoded as contexts (i.e., backgrounds). In sum, these findings indicate that the processes of familiarity-based recognition, conceptual implicit memory, and cued recall can be behaviorally related, and that PRC supports these processes through the encoding and retrieval of item representations.
Download or read book Progress in Episodic Memory Research written by Ekrem Dere and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodic memory refers to the ability to remember personal experiences in terms of what happened and where and when it happened. Humans are also able to remember the specific perceptions, emotions and thoughts they had during a particular experience. This highly sophisticated and unique memory system is extremely sensitive to cerebral aging, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. The field of episodic memory research is a continuously expanding and fascinating area that unites a broad spectrum of scientists who represent a variety of research disciplines including neurobiology, medicine, psychology and philosophy. Nevertheless, important questions still remain to be addressed. This research topic on the Progress in Episodic Memory Research covers past and current directions in research dedicated to the neurobiology, neuropathology, development, measurement and treatment of episodic memory.
Download or read book Neural Correlates of Inhibition in Episodic Memory written by Maria Wimber and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neural Behavioral and Genetic Correlates of Learning and Memory written by Frauke Steiger-White and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neurological Rehabilitation E Book written by Darcy Ann Umphred and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-08-07 with total page 1526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a problem-solving approach based on clinical evidence, Neurological Rehabilitation, 6th Edition covers the therapeutic management of people with functional movement limitations and quality of life issues following a neurological event. It reviews basic theory and covers the latest screening and diagnostic tests, new treatments, and interventions commonly used in today's clinical practice. This edition includes the latest advances in neuroscience, adding new chapters on neuroimaging and clinical tools such as virtual reality, robotics, and gaming. Written by respected clinician and physical therapy expert Darcy Umphred, this classic neurology text provides problem-solving strategies that are key to individualized, effective care. UNIQUE! Emerging topics are covered in detail, including chapters such as Movement Development Across the Lifespan, Health and Wellness: The Beginning of the Paradigm, Documentation, and Cardiopulmonary Interactions. UNIQUE! A section on neurological problems accompanying specific system problems includes hot topics such as poor vision, pelvic floor dysfunction, and pain. A problem-solving approach helps you apply your knowledge to examinations, evaluations, prognoses, and intervention strategies. Evidence-based research sets up best practices, covering topics such as the theory of neurologic rehabilitation, screening and diagnostic tests, treatments and interventions, and the patient's psychosocial concerns Information. Case studies use real-world examples to promote problem-solving skills. Non-traditional approaches to neurological interventions in the Alternative and Complementary Therapies chapter include the movement approach, energy approach, and physical body system approaches therapies. Terminology adheres to the best practices of the APTA as well as other leading physical therapy organizations, following The Guide to Physical Therapy Practice, the Nagi model, and the ICF World Health Model of patient empowerment. Updated illustrations provide current visual references. NEW chapters on imaging and robotics have been added. Updated chapters incorporate the latest advances and the newest information in neuroscience and intervention strategies. Student resources on an Evolve companion website include references with links to MEDLINE and more.
Download or read book The Wiley Handbook on The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory written by Donna Rose Addis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-03 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory presents a comprehensive overview of the latest, cutting-edge neuroscience research being done relating to the study of human memory and cognition. Features the analysis of original data using cutting edge methods in cognitive neuroscience research Presents a conceptually accessible discussion of human memory research Includes contributions from authors that represent a “who’s who” of human memory neuroscientists from the U.S. and abroad Supplemented with a variety of excellent and accessible diagrams to enhance comprehension
