Download or read book An Evaluation of Tall Fescue Lolium Arundinaceum as an Alternative to Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne for Use on Dairy Farms in the Waikato written by Elena Minneé and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of the Production from Non toxic Endophyte Infected Tall Fescue Lolium Arundinaceum Under Grazing in Ohio written by Kristin Anne Mack and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Tall Fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.] is one of the most abundant perennial, cool-season forage grasses introduced into the United States and is an important species in Ohio because of its productivity and persistence in most weather conditions. Tall fescue is commonly infected by an endophytic fungus, [Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones & W. Gams) Glenn, Bacon, & Hanlini, which benefits the fescue with increased seed germination rates, growth, root mass, and tillering. Livestock that graze infected tall fescue experience a condition called fescue toxicosis, which can lead to lower productivity and possibly even animal mortality. Due to the potential losses incurred by producers and farmers, along with the growth of grass-based agriculture, investigations of alternative forms of tall fescue are important. Endophyte-free varieties (E-) of tall fescue have been found to be less persistent, so non-toxic endophyte (NE+) varieties of tall fescue were created to eliminate the livestock toxicity, while still maintaining the benefits of infection to the plant. Information was lacking on the productivity of NE+ tall fescue compared to alternative pastures on actual grazing dairy farms and cattle (Bos spp.) performance on the different treatments. The objectives of this research were to (i) measure the growth, growth rate, and persistence of NE+ tall fescue varieties compared to other alternative forages commonly used in grass-based systems, (ii) evaluate how the different varieties of forages fit into a grazing dairy system by measuring animal intake, pasture utilization, and forage nutritional quality, and (iii) to utilize information gathered to analyze what dairy farm situations might benefit from including NE+ tall fescue into a grazing rotation. This study consisted of three grazing dairies in Ohio (DeBruin's, Putnam's, and Stoller's) which each contained a NE+ tall fescue field pasture treatment and an alternative pasture treatment for comparison. The alternative pasture treatments consisted of E- tall fescue on DeBruin's, festulolium on Putnam's, and an unimproved mixed pasture on Stoller's. Forage growth, growth rate, and dry matter intake by cattle were measured, however no significant differences were found between the NE+ tall fescue and alternative pasture treatments (P0.722, 0.845, and 0.711 respectively). Also, forage quality was measured periodically during 2005 and no significant differences were found between the two treatments in percent crude protein, percent neutral detergent fiber, percent neutral detergent fiber digestibility, or net energy for lactation (P=0.678, 0.789, 0.906, and 0.742 respectively). The minerals in the forage samples were analyzed also, and no significant differences were found in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium (P=0.459, 0.143, 0.229, 0.65, respectively). On account of similar DM1 and forage qualities, there was no significant difference in pasture milk yield. The average percent utilization was higher on the alternative pasture treatments (29.18%) compared to the non-toxic tall fescue treatments (26.67%, P0.075). Based on farmer advice, as well as data collected in this study, NE+ varieties seemed to have a place in grazing dairy operations. While NE+ tall fescue was not shown to have significant benefits over the alternative forages tested on the farms in this study, the growth and forage quality of the fescue throughout the year made it a good, reliable feed source. Also, based on the persistence of the non-toxic varieties in a stand population in the years tested, there seem to be benefits of the having the fungus in the plant. The NE+ varieties should be used more in situations where there is a high reinfection pressure from endophyte infected tall fescue, while the lower cost endophytefree can be used in situations where infected tall fescue is not as prominent.

Download or read book Evaluation of tall fescue Festuca Arundinacea Schreb perennial ryegrass Lolium Perenne L and Kentucky bluegrass Poa Pratensis L turfgrass cultivars in Italy written by Simone Magni and published by . This book was released on with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Species Composition by Four Methods on Two Perennial Grass Pastures Festuca Arundinacea Schreb and Lolium Perenne L Grazed Lightly and Heavily in Western Oregon written by Rafael Pessot Zorich and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the seasonal botanical composition of two grass pastures, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Botanical composition was determined by four methods: dry-weight-rank, weight-estimate, hand separation, and the constituent differential, with cattle and sheep grazing at two intensities. The pastures were sampled eight times during the growing season (March 23-July 8), taking 50, 25, 5, and 5 observations with the dry-weight-rank, weight-estimate, hand separation, and constituent differential methods, respectively, using a 2.4-square-foot circular plot. New sets of multipliers had to be determined for the dry-weight-rank method. Three different ways of grouping the data were tested. Best results were obtained in both pastures when all the data were grouped from all grazing treatments, because no significant differences were detected among the experimental errors in the analyses of variance used to test data arrangements. Consequently, the use of only one set of multipliers was found to be more practical. The same ways of grouping the data were used to calculate the regression equations to give the most accurate correction for the weight-estimate method. Uncorrected data were also tested. It was determined that best results were obtained in the fescue pastures when all the data were grouped within each of the grazing treatments. In the ryegrass pastures, on the other hand, all data collected in each sampling period was found to be the best arrangement, provided that the number of observations is increased to compensate for greater pasture variability. An analysis of variance was run on the information obtained with each method in both pastures. It was concluded that, in the fescue sections, the methods gave similar results regardless of the kind of livestock, grazing intensity, and sampling period. Units grazed by cattle showed a lower fescue percentage, especially those heavily grazed, than those grazed by sheep; grazing intensity did not affect the trend of the fescue percentages in the mixture which declined as the season progressed. In ryegrass pastures, the ryegrass percentages obtained in each case were influenced by all four treatments: methods, kind of livestock, grazing intensity, and sampling periods. It is apparent from this study that the constituent differential method is the most promising one, and more attention should be directed to it in the future. A study is proposed to explore some of the factors influencing the use of the constituent differential method for determining production and botanical composition on mixed grass-legume pastures.

Download or read book Comparative Response of Tall Fescue Lolium Arundinaea Schreb and Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Swards to Variation in Defoliation Interval and Height written by Salesi Kaufononga and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tall Fescue for the Twenty first Century written by Henry A. Fribourg and published by ASA-CSSA-SSSA. This book was released on 2009 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Book and Multimedia Publishing Committee; David Baltensperger, chair ... [et al.]."

Download or read book Root and Top Growth of Tall Fescue Festuca Elatior L and Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L as Influenced by Defoliation and Levels of Soil Nitrogen written by Nephus Jefferson and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Turf Type Intergeneric Hybrids of Lolium Perenne with Festuca Pratensis for Improved Stress Tolerance written by Brent D. Barnes and published by Proquest, UMI Dissertation Publishing. This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recurrent selection for drought and heat tolerance among hybrids of perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) with meadow fescue ( Festuca pratensis Huds.), was used to develop turf-type populations with a marked increase in stress tolerance. Increased tolerance was associated with the presence of an introgression of F. pratensis chromatin on chromosome 3 of L. perenne . To determine if root characteristics were responsible for the improved stress tolerance, a greenhouse study was conducted to compare sister lines of Festulolium both with or without the introgression; the recurrent backcross parent; a representative F. pratensis ; and turf-type tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) grown under well-watered conditions in 5.1-cm diam. x 160-cm long tubes containing sand. Two separate 120-day experiments revealed that F. pratensis produced deeper roots, more root biomass, and a higher root:shoot, while the industry standard, F. arundinacea , ranked at or near the lowest value. For the hybrids and ryegrass, the root parameters were intermediate between the 2 fescues, with no statistically significant difference among the 3 lines tested. The results indicate that in the tested Festulolium turf, drought and heat tolerance were not a consequence of increased root depth or root biomass as reported in previous reports for forage-type intergeneric hybrids of ryegrass and fescue.

Download or read book Growth and Forage Quality of Tall Fescue Festuca Arundinacea Schreb and Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L as Affected by Mefluidide written by Sabam Oloan Manurung and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field study with 5 tall fescue genotypes treated at the vegetative growth stage, with 0, 0.28, 0.56, and 0.84 kg/ha of mefluidide was initiated in July, 1980. The regrowth of these plants were again treated at the booting growth stage in April, 1981, with the same rates of mefluidide as in the first experiment. In addition, three rates of mefluidide (0, 0.28, and 0.56 kg/ha) were applied at the floral initiation stage of perennial ryegrass cv. Linn in March, 1981. Four varieties of tall fescue were transplanted from the field into 6-inch pots in February, 1981, and grown under 50/60°F and 70/80°F night/day temperature regimes in growth chambers. Mefluidide at the rate of 0, 0.28, and 0.56 kg/ha were applied at the pre-floral or at floral initiation growth stage. The same varieties were again transplanted from the field into 6-inch pots in April, 1981, and grown under the same temperature regimes and treated at pre-booting or at booting growth stage with the same rate of mefluidide as those in the first growth chamber experiment. Mefluidide interacted with tall fescue genotypes and also resulted in a reduction in dry matter yield, ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) and increased CP (Crude Protein) content in both tall fescue trials in the field. The WSC (Water Soluble Carbohydrate) concentration was reduced by mefluidide applied at the vegetative growth stage in the first experiment, but it was increased at the booting growth stage application of mefludide on regrowth of these plants. Late applications of mefluidide did maintain forage quality of tall fescue with some elimination of dry matter yield reduction caused by earlier application. In perennial ryegrass cv. Linn, mefluidide reduced stem dry matter production, but did not affect leaf dry matter yield. This was accompanied by high leaf/stem ratios and retardation of plant height. Fertile tiller production was inhibited, accompanied by reduction in ADF, increased stem CP and increased WSC of leaf and stem tissue. Under the 70/80°F night/day temperature regime, all varieties produced a higher dry matter yield than plants under a 50/60°F night/ day temperature regime. However, WSC content of leaf and stem were higher in the low temperature regime. There were indications that mefluidide reduced ADF and WSC content of leaf and stem tissues, but increased leaf and stem CP under both temperature regimes in both experiments. This was accompanied by high leaf/stem ratios of treated plants.

Download or read book An Investigation Into the Effect of Seasonal Root Replacement Upon Plant Longevity in Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne Italian Ryegrass L Multiflorum Tall Fescue Festuca Arundinacea and Annual Meadow Grass Poa Annua written by R. H. Schwass and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluating Commercial Cultivars and Farm collected Biotypes of Italian Ryegrass lolium Perenne L Ssp Multiflorum lam Husnot for Potential Herbicide Resistance in Georgia written by Danielle Burke Simmons and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot] is known for being the most troublesome weed in small grains in Georgia. This Lolium species is also a highly recommended cool-season forage that becomes problematic when total control is never achieved in warm-season bermudagrass or tall-fescue hayfields. Concerns about the lack of control in Italian ryegrass require Georgia populations be evaluated. Therefore, the response of Italian ryegrass populations to small grain herbicides was assessed. Greenhouse experiments from 2015 to 2017 indicate that post-emergence use herbicides lack control of some Georgia commercialized Italian ryegrass cultivars and farm-collected biotypes. A continuation of these experiments within the field setting are needed to determine if the responses can be replicated, and further analyses on other ryegrass populations should be conducted to determine if these trends are developing in experimental seed lots and currently available populations.

Download or read book Alternative Pasture Grasses for Newfoundland written by B. McKenzie and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Biomass Production Nutrient Content and Silage Quality of Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Cocksfoot Dactylis Glomerata L and Tall Fescue Festuca Arundinacea Schreb Varieties Grown Under Irrigation in Alice South Africa written by Sizwe Edward Tikwayo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of the Grazed Horizon in Perennial Ryegrass Lolium Perenne L Swards on the Conjugated Linoleic Acid Concentration in Milk of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows written by Eric van der Hoeven and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effects of Ploidy and Heading Date of Perennial Ryegrass lolium Perenne Cultivars on Sward Characteristics and Milk Production by Dairy Cows in Ireland written by Noel Christopher Gowen and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Control of Rattail Fescue Vulpia Myuros in Carbon seeded Kentucky Bluegrass and Perennial Ryegrass written by Raul Arroyo Rosas and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlling winter germinating weeds in fall planted turf grasses grown for seed in the Pacific North West (PNW) has become a challenge due to the lack of labeled herbicides and herbicide resistance. Rattail fescue (Vulpia myuros) is a problematic weed for grass seed growers due to the lack of effective herbicide treatments during establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Due to the increased cases of diuron resistance, new alternatives to diuron are needed for stand establishment. In an effort to find new alternatives to diuron, a root growth assay was performed to identify the variation in species response to indaziflam prior to evaluating indaziflam and pyroxasulfone for the management of V. myuros in carbon-seeded P. pratensis (cv 'Dauntless') and L. perenne (cv 'Pillar', 'Playfast', or 'Prominent') at the USDA Central Ferry Farm and Cook Agronomy Farm near Pullman, WA. Mesotrione was included as an industry standard. Treatments of indaziflam and pyroxasulfone were applied PRE at planting and POST to 3-leaf stage turfgrass. In these studies, carbon-seeded turfgrass varieties were successfully established when using indaziflam (7.3, 14.6 g ai ha-1) and pyroxasulfone (89, 179 g ai ha-1) applied PRE. Crop safety was achieved by spraying a 2.5 cm wide band of activated carbon over the row at the time of planting. Vulpia myuros was controlled at the Central Ferry site, and populations were reduced at the Pullman site. Lolium perenne varieties germinated rapidly, grew vigorously and were strong competitors to weeds within the row. Lolium perenne varieties also showed better weed control within the bands than the P. pratensis variety due to slower to germination and establishment. The Poa pratensis variety 'Dauntless' had a slow germination rate and was slower to establish, and thus appeared to be less competitive with weeds in the row. These results suggest that using activated carbon during early establishment of turfgrasses grown for seed appears to be a safe and effective weed control technique when using indaziflam and pyroxasulfone to control invasive grass species.

Download or read book Agronomic Evaluation of Perennial Ryegrass Tall Fescue and White Clover Under Three Simulated Stocking Systems Aboveground Dry Matter Yield and Feeding Value written by Q. Qi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three cool-season species: perennial ryegrass, tall fescue and white clover, and three simulated stocking systems: Continuous, Pure and Rotational were evaluated for agronomic performances.