Download or read book An Analysis of Response Mode and Feedback Factors in Automated Instruction written by Robert Arthur Goldbeck and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technical Report written by Human Resources Research Organization and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparative Cognition written by Edward A. Wasserman and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1978, Hulse, Fowler, and Honig published Cognitive Processes in Animal Behavior, an edited volume that was a landmark in the scientific study of animal intelligence. It liberated interest in complex learning and cognition from the grasp of the rigid theoretical structures of behaviorism that had prevailed during the previous four decades, and as a result, the field of comparative cognition was born. At long last, the study of the cognitive capacities of animals other than humans emerged as a worthwhile scientific enterprise. No less rigorous than purely behavioristic investigations, studies of animal intelligence spanned such wide-ranging topics as perception, spatial learning and memory, timing and numerical competence, categorization and conceptualization, problem solving, rule learning, and creativity. During the ensuing 25 years, the field of comparative cognition has thrived and grown, and public interest in it has risen to unprecedented levels. In their quest to understand the nature and mechanisms of intelligence, researchers have studied animals from bees to chimpanzees. Sessions on comparative cognition have become common at meetings of the major societies for psychology and neuroscience, and in fact, research in comparative cognition has increased so much that a separate society, the Comparative Cognition Society, has been formed to bring it together. This volume celebrates comparative cognition's first quarter century with a state-of-the-art collection of chapters covering the broad realm of the scientific study of animal intelligence. Comparative Cognition will be an invaluable resource for students and professional researchers in all areas of psychology and neuroscience.

Download or read book From Is to Ought The Place of Normative Models in the Study of Human Thought written by Shira Elqayam and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of human thinking, two main research questions can be asked: “Descriptive Q: What is human thinking like? Normative Q: What ought human thinking be like?” For decades, these two questions have dominated the field, and the relationship between them generated many a controversy. Empirical normativist approaches regard the answers to these questions as positively correlated – in essence, human thinking is what it ought to be (although what counts as the ‘ought’ standard is moot). In contemporary theories of reasoning and decision making, this is often associated with a Panglossian framework, an adaptationist approach which regards human thinking as a priori rational. In contrast, prescriptive normativism sees the answers to these two questions as negatively correlated. Normative models are still relevant to human thought, but human behaviour deviates from them quite markedly (with the invited conclusion that humans are often irrational). Prescriptive normativism often results in a Meliorist agenda, which sees rationality as amenable to education. Both empirical and prescriptive normativism can be contrasted with a descriptivist framework for psychology of human thinking. Following Hume’s strict divide between the ‘is’ and the ‘ought’, descriptivism regards the descriptive and normative research questions as uncorrelated, or dissociated, with only the former question suitable for psychological study of human behaviour. This basic division carries over to the relation between normative (‘ought’) rationality, based on conforming to normative standards; and instrumental (‘is’) rationality, based on achieving one’s goals. Descriptivist approaches regard the two as dissociated, whereas normativist approaches tend to see them as closely linked, with normative arguments defining and justifying instrumental rationality. This research topic brings together diverse contributions to the continuing debate. Featuring contributions from leading researchers in the field, the e-book covers a wide range of subjects, arranged by six sections: The standard picture: Normativist perspectives In defence of soft normativism Exploring normative models Descriptivist perspectives Evolutionary and ecological accounts Empirical reports With a total of some 24 articles from 55 authors, this comprehensive treatment includes theoretical analyses, meta-theoretical critiques, commentaries, and a range of empirical reports. The contents of the Research Topic should appeal to psychologists, linguists, philosophers and cognitive scientists, with research interests in a wide range of domains, from language, through reasoning, judgment and decision making, and moral judgment, to epistemology and theory of mind, philosophical logic, and meta-ethics.

Download or read book Communication Yearbook 9 written by Margaret L. McLaughlin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 835 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Communication Yearbook annuals publish diverse, state-of-the-discipline literature reviews that advance knowledge and understanding of communication systems, processes, and impacts across the discipline. Sponsored by the International Communication Association, each volume provides a forum for the exchange of interdisciplinary and internationally diverse scholarship relating to communication in its many forms. This volume re-issues the yearbook from 1986.

Download or read book Handbook of Disaster Research written by Havidan Rodriguez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-14 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely Handbook is based on the principle that disasters are social constructions and focuses on social science disaster research. It provides an interdisciplinary approach to disasters with theoretical, methodological, and practical applications. Attention is given to conceptual issues dealing with the concept "disaster" and to methodological issues relating to research on disasters. These include Geographic Information Systems as a useful research tool and its implications for future research. This seminal work is the first interdisciplinary collection of disaster research as it stands now while outlining how the field will continue to grow.

Download or read book Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Validation by Experimental Design written by Lynn D Torbeck and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-06-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title demonstrates how designed experiments are the most scientific, efficient, and cost effective method of data collection for validation in a laboratory setting. Intended as a learn-by-example guide, Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Validation by Experimental Design demonstrates why designed experiments are the most logical and rational ap

Download or read book Applied Categorical and Count Data Analysis written by Wan Tang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-06 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed from the authors’ graduate-level biostatistics course, Applied Categorical and Count Data Analysis, Second Edition explains how to perform the statistical analysis of discrete data, including categorical and count outcomes. The authors have been teaching categorical data analysis courses at the University of Rochester and Tulane University for more than a decade. This book embodies their decade-long experience and insight in teaching and applying statistical models for categorical and count data. The authors describe the basic ideas underlying each concept, model, and approach to give readers a good grasp of the fundamentals of the methodology without relying on rigorous mathematical arguments. The second edition covers classic concepts and popular topics, such as contingency tables, logistic regression models, and Poisson regression models, along with modern areas that include models for zero-modified count outcomes, parametric and semiparametric longitudinal data analysis, reliability analysis, and methods for dealing with missing values. As in the first edition, R, SAS, SPSS, and Stata programming codes are provided for all the examples, enabling readers to immediately experiment with the data in the examples and even adapt or extend the codes to fit data from their own studies. Designed for a one-semester course for graduate and senior undergraduate students in biostatistics, this self-contained text is also suitable as a self-learning guide for biomedical and psychosocial researchers. It will help readers analyze data with discrete variables in a wide range of biomedical and psychosocial research fields. Features: Describes the basic ideas underlying each concept and model Includes R, SAS, SPSS and Stata programming codes for all the examples Features significantly expanded Chapters 4, 5, and 8 (Chapters 4-6, and 9 in the second edition Expands discussion for subtle issues in longitudinal and clustered data analysis such as time varying covariates and comparison of generalized linear mixed-effect models with GEE

Download or read book Multilevel Statistical Models written by Harvey Goldstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-08 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the social, medical and other sciences the importance of understanding complex hierarchical data structures is well understood. Multilevel modelling is now the accepted statistical technique for handling such data and is widely available in computer software packages. A thorough understanding of these techniques is therefore important for all those working in these areas. This new edition of Multilevel Statistical Models brings these techniques together, starting from basic ideas and illustrating how more complex models are derived. Bayesian methodology using MCMC has been extended along with new material on smoothing models, multivariate responses, missing data, latent normal transformations for discrete responses, structural equation modeling and survival models. Key Features: Provides a clear introduction and a comprehensive account of multilevel models. New methodological developments and applications are explored. Written by a leading expert in the field of multilevel methodology. Illustrated throughout with real-life examples, explaining theoretical concepts. This book is suitable as a comprehensive text for postgraduate courses, as well as a general reference guide. Applied statisticians in the social sciences, economics, biological and medical disciplines will find this book beneficial.

Download or read book Response Surfaces Mixtures and Ridge Analyses written by George E. P. Box and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-22 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authority on building empirical models and the fitting of such surfaces to data—completely updated and revised Revising and updating a volume that represents the essential source on building empirical models, George Box and Norman Draper—renowned authorities in this field—continue to set the standard with the Second Edition of Response Surfaces, Mixtures, and Ridge Analyses, providing timely new techniques, new exercises, and expanded material. A comprehensive introduction to building empirical models, this book presents the general philosophy and computational details of a number of important topics, including factorial designs at two levels; fitting first and second-order models; adequacy of estimation and the use of transformation; and occurrence and elucidation of ridge systems. Substantially rewritten, the Second Edition reflects the emergence of ridge analysis of second-order response surfaces as a very practical tool that can be easily applied in a variety of circumstances. This unique, fully developed coverage of ridge analysis—a technique for exploring quadratic response surfaces including surfaces in the space of mixture ingredients and/or subject to linear restrictions—includes MINITAB® routines for performing the calculations for any number of dimensions. Many additional figures are included in the new edition, and new exercises (many based on data from published papers) offer insight into the methods used. The exercises and their solutions provide a variety of supplementary examples of response surface use, forming an extremely important component of the text. Response Surfaces, Mixtures, and Ridge Analyses, Second Edition presents material in a logical and understandable arrangement and includes six new chapters covering an up-to-date presentation of standard ridge analysis (without restrictions); design and analysis of mixtures experiments; ridge analysis methods when there are linear restrictions in the experimental space including the mixtures experiments case, with or without further linear restrictions; and canonical reduction of second-order response surfaces in the foregoing general case. Additional features in the new edition include: New exercises with worked answers added throughout An extensive revision of Chapter 5: Blocking and Fractionating 2k Designs Additional discussion on the projection of two-level designs into lower dimensional spaces This is an ideal reference for researchers as well as a primary text for Response Surface Methodology graduate-level courses and a supplementary text for Design of Experiments courses at the upper-undergraduate and beginning-graduate levels.

Download or read book Diapir Field Oil and Gas Lease Sale No 87 1984 written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cognitive and affective control written by Gilles Pourtois and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, cognition and emotion are seen as separate domains that are independent at best and in competition at worst. The French scientist and philosopher Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) famously said “Le coeur a ses raisons que la raison ne connaît point” (The heart has its reasons that reason does not know). Over the last century, however, psychologists and neuroscientists have increasingly appreciated their very strong reciprocal connections and interactions. Initially this was demonstrated in cognitive functions such as attention, learning and memory, and decision making. For instance, an emotional stimulus captures attention (e.g., Anderson & Phelps, 2001). Likewise, emotional stimuli are better learned and remembered than neutral ones (e.g., McGaugh, 1990) and they can provide strong incentives to bias decision making (Bechara et al., 1997). In more recent years, cognitive control has also been found to be intimately intertwined with emotion. This is consistent with an approach that considers cognitive control as an adaptive learning process (Braver & Cohen, 1999), reinforcement learning in particular (Holroyd & Coles, 2002; Verguts & Notebaert, 2009). From this perspective, cognitive control is not a cool encapsulated executive function, but instead involves rapidly calculating the value of situational, contextual, and action cues (Rushworth & Behrens, 2008) for the purpose of adapting the cognitive system toward future optimal performance. A wide array of research has shed light on cognitive control and its interactions with affect or motivation. Behaviorally, important phenomena include how people respond to difficult stimuli (e.g., incongruent stimuli, task switches), negative feedback, or errors and how this influences subsequent task processing. Neurally, an important target structure has been the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its connections to traditional “emotional” (e.g., amygdala) and “cognitive” areas (e.g., (pre)motor cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). ACC seems to play a predominant role in integrating distant effects from remote cognitive and emotion systems in order to guide and optimize behavior. The current special issue focuses on the bi-directional link between emotion and cognitive control. We invite studies that investigate the influence from emotion on cognitive control, or vice versa, the influence of cognitive control on emotion. Contributions can be of different types: We welcome empirical contributions (behavioral or neuroscientific) but also computational modeling, theory, or review papers. By bringing together researchers from the traditionally separated domains, we hope to further stimulate the crosstalk between emotion and cognitive control, and thus to deepen our understanding of both.

Download or read book Food Webs written by Gary A. Polis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting the recent surge of activity in food web research fueled by new empirical data, this authoritative volume successfully spans and integrates the areas of theory, basic empirical research, applications, and resource problems. Written by recognized leaders from various branches of ecological research, this work provides an in-depth treatment of the most recent advances in the field and examines the complexity and variability of food webs through reviews, new research, and syntheses of the major issues in food web research. Food Webs features material on the role of nutrients, detritus and microbes in food webs, indirect effects in food webs, the interaction of productivity and consumption, linking cause and effect in food webs, temporal and spatial scales of food web dynamics, applications of food webs to pest management, fisheries, and ecosystem stress. Three comprehensive chapters synthesize important information on the role of indirect effects, productivity and consumer regulation, and temporal, spatial and life history influences on food webs. In addition, numerous tables, figures, and mathematical equations found nowhere else in related literature are presented in this outstanding work. Food Webs offers researchers and graduate students in various branches of ecology an extensive examination of the subject. Ecologists interested in food webs or community ecology will also find this book an invaluable tool for understanding the current state of knowledge of food web research.

Download or read book Individual Differences in Arithmetical Development written by Ann Dowker and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Business Resumption Planning written by Edward S. Devlin and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-12-24 with total page 1105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without a disaster recovery plan, there's no second chance. This is a low-cost, turnkey tool to prepare your company for emergencies. Easy-to-follow and concise, Business Resumption Planning is the most up-to-date reference source with answers to the most frequently asked questions about data center recovery, communications recovery, general business operations recovery and more. You'll learn how to: Identify and document critical business processes Determine resource requirements and organize recovery teams Establish, document and test recovery policies and procedures Protect and recover data center, voice and data, communications equipment and business operations Conduct a Technical Vulnerability Analysis of the physical environment Perform a Business Impact Analysis Included with your volume are complete forms and checklists on a CD-ROM to help organize and custom-tailor your own contingency and disaster recovery plan quickly and inexpensively without overlooking details. No one knows what the future will bring, but with Business Resumption Planning you can prepare for it. And, you'll receive an annual update-shipped on approval-to keep you advised of all the latest trends and techniques in this extremely important field. With Business Resumption Planning you can profit from the experiences of professionals like yourself and learn exactly what to do when disaster strikes. You owe it to yourself and to your company to purchase this valuable tool today.

Download or read book Global Aging and Challenges to Families written by Vern Bengtson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent explosion in population ageing across the globe represents one of the most remarkable demographic changes in human history. Population ageing will profoundly affect families. Who will care for the growing numbers of tomorrows very old members of societies? Will it be state governments? The aged themselves? Their families? The purpose of this book is to examine consequences of global aging for families and intergenerational support, and for nations as they plan for the future.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science written by Saul I. Gass and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operations Research: 1934-1941," 35, 1, 143-152; "British The goal of the Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Operational Research in World War II," 35, 3, 453-470; Management Science is to provide to decision makers and "U. S. Operations Research in World War II," 35, 6, 910-925; problem solvers in business, industry, government and and the 1984 article by Harold Lardner that appeared in academia a comprehensive overview of the wide range of Operations Research: "The Origin of Operational Research," ideas, methodologies, and synergistic forces that combine to 32, 2, 465-475. form the preeminent decision-aiding fields of operations re search and management science (OR/MS). To this end, we The Encyclopedia contains no entries that define the fields enlisted a distinguished international group of academics of operations research and management science. OR and MS and practitioners to contribute articles on subjects for are often equated to one another. If one defines them by the which they are renowned. methodologies they employ, the equation would probably The editors, working with the Encyclopedia's Editorial stand inspection. If one defines them by their historical Advisory Board, surveyed and divided OR/MS into specific developments and the classes of problems they encompass, topics that collectively encompass the foundations, applica the equation becomes fuzzy. The formalism OR grew out of tions, and emerging elements of this ever-changing field. We the operational problems of the British and U. s. military also wanted to establish the close associations that OR/MS efforts in World War II.