Download or read book Aggregate Measures of Output in Transition Economies written by Rachael Walker and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Output Decline and Government Expenditures in European Transition Economies written by Mr.Ke-young Chu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-06-01 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the role of government expenditure policies in the decline in aggregate output in European transition economies. It is argued that there is little evidence for the hypothesis that more expansionary expenditure policies would have helped to mitigate the output decline. While measurement problems allow for very preliminary conclusions, it appears that government expenditures were, generally, not a binding constraint for output. In those cases where it could be argued that government expenditures were a binding constraint, they were usually not the only one. Government expenditure levels still remain on the high side, at least when compared with European market-based economies, and there exists few reasons for pursuing expansionary expenditure policies to lift European transition economies out of the “transitional recession.” While raising expenditure levels per se is an unappealing policy choice, a further reordering of expenditure priorities is desirable. In particular, increases in the share of government expenditures on capital--human and physical--are needed to improve long-run output potential.
Download or read book Output Decline and Government Expenditures in European Transition Economies written by Gerd Schwartz and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses the role of government expenditure policies in the decline in aggregate output in European transition economies. It is argued that there is little evidence for the hypothesis that more expansionary expenditure policies would have helped to mitigate the output decline. While measurement problems allow for very preliminary conclusions, it appears that government expenditures were, generally, not a binding constraint for output. In those cases where it could be argued that government expenditures were a binding constraint, they were usually not the only one. Government expenditure levels still remain on the high side, at least when compared with European market-based economies, and there exists few reasons for pursuing expansionary expenditure policies to lift European transition economies out of the quot;transitional recession.quot; While raising expenditure levels per se is an unappealing policy choice, a further reordering of expenditure priorities is desirable. In particular, increases in the share of government expenditures on capital--human and physical--are needed to improve long-run output potential.
Download or read book Efficiency Issues in Transitional Economies written by Jenifer Piesse and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1999, this text uses a number of approaches to measure the performance of firms in the transition economies of Central Eastern Europe during the early stages of reform. There is considerable controversy about the level of productivity in this period, as is evident by contradictory evidence quoted in the literature and a high degree of inconsistency in published national statistics. Indeed, the disagreement extends to the measurement approach and the results for this group of countries. Particularly difficult is any analysis at the firm level, as data is inconsistent, incomplete and based on now out-dated accounting systems. The information used in this book is a panel data set of 64 items collected from 1000 firms across 25 industry sectors in Hungary. Productive efficiency is measured and the reasons for poor performance are discussed. It was found that industrial sectors differ in their average performance levels and in the factors most likely to account for this. Finally, recommendations are developed to help to reverse the decline in productivity.
Download or read book Macroeconomic Stabilization in Transition Economies written by Mario I. Blejer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-03-28 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this volume explore the special type of policies that were needed in the post-socialist countries of Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union in order to reduce inflation and to stop the fall in output that followed the collapse of Communism. The book contains a number of general studies that discuss the type of reforms needed and how they condition policies and analyze the aggregate relationship between reducing inflation, implementing structural reforms, and renewing the process of growth.
Download or read book Agricultural Support Policies in Transition Economies written by Alberto Valdés and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of Russia, Romania, Poland, Bulgaria, and Turkey.
Download or read book Stabilization and Growth in Transition Economies written by Mr.Stanley Fischer and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-04-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the growth and stabilization experience in 26 transition economies in eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, and Mongolia for the period 1989-1994. Inflation rates have declined significantly in most countries following an inflation stabilization program. Growth resumes after stabilization occurs, typically with a lag of about two years. Reducing inflation thus appears to be a precondition for growth. An econometric analysis of the short-run determinants of inflation and growth illustrates the key roles of fixed exchange rates, improved fiscal balances, and structural reforms in spurring growth and lowering inflation, and confirms that inflation stabilization programs have been beneficial for growth even after controlling for structural reforms.
Download or read book Path Dependence in Aggregate Output written by Steven N. Durlauf and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies an economy in which incomplete markets and strong complementarities interact to generate path dependent aggregate output fluctuations. An economy is said to be path dependent when the effect of a shock on the level of aggregate output is permanent in the absence of future offsetting shocks. Extending the model developed in Durlauf 11991(a), (b)). we analyze the evolution of an economy which consists of a countable infinity of industries. The production functions of individual firms in each industry are nonconvex and are linked through localized technological complementarities. The productivity of each firm at t is determined by the production decisions of technologically similar industries at t-1. No markets exist which allow firms and industries to exploit complementarities by coordinating production decisions. This market incompleteness produces several interesting effects on aggregate output behavior. First, multiple stochastic equilibria exist in aggregate activity. These equilibria are distinguished by differences in both the mean and the variance of output. Second, output movements are path dependent as aggregate productivity shocks indefinitely affect real activity by shifting the economy across equilibria. Third, when aggregate shocks are recurrent, the economy cycles between periods of boom and depression. Simulations of example economies illustrate how market incompleteness can produce rich aggregate dynamics.
Download or read book Macroeconomic Accounting and Analysis in Transition Economies written by Mr.Abdessatar Ouanes and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-06-18 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, by Abdessatar Ouanes and Subhash Thakur presents the principal elements of macroeconomic accounting and analysis for the real, fiscal, monetary, and external sectors of a transition economy, using Poland as a case study. Background information, exercises, and issues for discussion are also provided.
Download or read book Producer Dynamics written by Timothy Dunne and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Census Bureau has recently begun releasing official statistics that measure the movements of firms in and out of business and workers in and out of jobs. The economic analyses in Producer Dynamics exploit this newly available data on establishments, firms, and workers, to address issues in industrial organization, labor, growth, macroeconomics, and international trade. This innovative volume brings together a group of renowned economists to probe topics such as firm dynamics across countries; patterns of employment dynamics; firm dynamics in nonmanufacturing industries such as retail, health services, and agriculture; employer-employee turnover from matched worker/firm data sets; and turnover in international markets. Producer Dynamics will serve as an invaluable reference to economists and policy makers seeking to understand the links between firms and workers, and the sources of economic dynamics, in the age of globalization.
Download or read book World Economic Outlook May 1994 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-02-08 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Economic Outlook presents the IMF staff’s analysis and projections of economic developments at the global level, in major country groups (classified by region, stage of development, etc.), and in many individual countries. It focuses on major economic policy issues as well as on the analysis of economic developments and prospects. It is usually prepared twice a year, as documentation for meetings of the International Monetary and Financial Committee, and forms the main instrument of the IMF’s global surveillance activities.
Download or read book Explaining Russia s Output Collapse written by Irina Dolinskaya and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2001 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Output in Transition Economies written by Mr.Eduardo Borensztein and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-05-01 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the relative roles of macroeconomic variables, structural policies, and initial conditions in explaining the time path of output in transition and the large observed differences in output performance across transition economies? Using a sample of 26 countries, this paper follows a general-to-specific modeling approach that allows for differential effects of policies and initial conditions on the private and state sectors and for time-dependent effects of initial conditions. While showing some fragility to model specification, the results point to the preeminence of structural reforms over both initial conditions and macroeconomic variables in explaining cross-country differences in performance and the timing of the recovery.
Download or read book Economic Development and Environmental Quality Nexus in Developing and Transition Economies written by Alexandra-Anca Purcel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transition the First Ten Years written by Pradeep Mitra and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wide variation in transition economies raises questions about differences in economic growth, the applicability of transition policies, and the advantages of economic reform. This report seeks to answer these questions.
Download or read book Institutional Change in Transition Economies written by Michael Cuddy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2002.The importance of institutions for transition economies has so far been overlooked; Michael Cuddy and Ruvin Gekker bring together leading experts in the field to fill this crucial void in the literature. The contributors concentrate on an ongoing tension between informal constraints and mechanisms and the new formal rules and mechanisms that have gradually evolved through the transition period. Experiences are primarily drawn from Russia. The book consists of three parts, the first comprising an analysis, synthesis and generalizations of the institutional adaptations, as a market economy slowly emerges from a fog of shifting rules and varying interpretations. This is followed by the study of business and taxation authorities’ behavior as they try to minimize or maximize the taxation take. The volume also analyzes the challenges facing central and regional governments in delivering equitable levels of public services across regions of vastly different development levels, while at the same time trying to stimulate regional economic growth.
Download or read book The Central Asian Economies Since Independence written by Richard Pomfret and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 9/11 attacks, the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, and the oil boom of recent years have greatly increased the strategic importance of resource-rich Central Asia, making an understanding of its economic--and therefore political--prospects more important than ever. In The Central Asian Economies Since Independence, Richard Pomfret provides a concise and up-to-date analysis of the huge changes undergone by the economies of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. The book assesses the economic prospects of each country, and the likelihood that economic conditions will spur major political changes. With independent chapters on each country, and chapters analyzing their comparative economic performance, the book highlights similarities and differences. Facing common problems caused by the breakdown of Soviet economic relations and the hyperinflation of the early 1990s, these countries have taken widely divergent paths in the transition from Soviet central planning to more market-based economies. The book ends in 2005 with the bloodless Kyrgyz revolution and the violence in Uzbekistan, which signaled the end of the region's political continuity. Throughout the book, Pomfret emphasizes the economic forces that foster political instability--from Kazakhstan's resource boom and Turkmenistan's lack of reform to Tajikistan's abject poverty.
