Download or read book Adaptive and Non adaptive Plasticity and Fine scale Genetic Variation in Life history Reaction Norms in Atlantic Cod Gadus Morhua written by Rebekah A. Oomen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The persistence of a species in the face of environmental change is a function of the extent to which populations respond differently to changes in their environment and the spatial correspondence between the scale of disturbance and the scale of adaptation. The pattern by which a population, or genotype, expresses a range of phenotypes across an environmental gradient is called a norm of reaction. The level of phenotypic plasticity displayed within a population (i.e. the slope of the reaction norm) reflects the short-term response of a population to environmental change while variation in reaction norm slopes among populations reflects the spatial scale of variation in these responses. Using a reaction norm framework, I examined the spatial scale of genetic variation in plasticity for life-history traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), a marine fish of global biological and socioeconomic importance. Through common-garden experiments, I found evidence of both adaptive and non-adaptive plasticity for larval growth rate and survival in two cod populations that experience contrasting thermal environments in nature. A comparison of these reaction norms with those of four cod populations studied previously revealed significant genetic divergence in adaptive traits at a smaller spatial scale than has previously been shown for a marine fish with no apparent physical barriers to gene flow (

Download or read book The Genomic Basis and Spatial Scale of Variation in Thermal Responses of Atlantic Cod Gadus Morhua written by Rebekah Alice Oomen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis investigates the genomic basis and spatial scale of variation in thermal responses of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), with the over-arching aim of improving our understanding of plastic and evolutionary responses to environmental change in natural populations. It advances our understanding of how cod will respond to global climate change, how cod populations will respond differently depending on the local conditions to which they are adapted, and the genomic mechanisms of local adaptation with gene flow. We first review the potential of RNA sequencing as a tool to study the complex responses of non-model organisms to the environment and illustrate how it can help us understand plastic and evolutionary responses to global environmental change in fishes. We rear cod larvae at a range of temperatures in the laboratory and find, using RNA sequencing, changes in gene expression consistent with a severe cellular stress response at both ambient and forecasted (+2°C and +4°C) temperatures. Earlier onset of the transcriptomic stress response is observed at higher temperatures and is not explained by differences in degree-days among treatments. The stress response is accompanied by faster growth and an increase in mortality that suggests a reduction in fitness at higher temperatures. This knowledge fills a critical gap in our understanding of how marine fish larvae respond to warmer temperatures. We then use a common-garden-gradient approach to compare thermal responses in larval cod growth and survival among six genetic crosses originating from a single fjord system. We disentangle the effects of fine-scale environmental heterogeneity between inner and outer fjord areas, and genetic divergence between coexisting ecotypes, to better understand the genetic basis of cryptic diversity in thermal responses of cod. We find genetic divergence in plasticity at a microgeographic (

Download or read book Migration Ecology of Marine Fishes written by David H. Secor and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A synthetic treatment of all marine fish taxa (teleosts and elasmobranchs), this book employs explanatory frameworks from avian and systems ecology while arguing that migrations are emergent phenomena, structured through schooling, phenotypic plasticity, and other collective agencies. The book provides overviews of the following concepts: The comparative movement ecology of fishes and birds; The alignment of mating systems with larval dispersal; Schooling and migration as adaptations to marine food webs; Natal homing; Connectivity in populations and metapopulations; The contribution of migration ecology to population resilience

Download or read book Population variation in the life history traits and thermal responses of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L written by Marion Perutz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atlantic Cod written by George A. Rose and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-02-26 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive handbook, covering all aspects of the Atlantic cod including the biology, ecology, life histories, behaviour, commercial exploitation and conservation Not only is Atlantic cod one of the most valuable food fish in the world’s oceans, it is an important component of North Atlantic ecosystems and has been subject to much research into its biology, ecology and exploitation. After hundreds of years of exploitation, overfishing in the last half of the 20th Century caused many stocks to collapse, most famously the Northern cod stock off Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Since then, most cod stocks have been better researched and managed, but remain in a variety of states, from fully recovered to continued decline. This book, written by world experts, describes that research and management, and the importance of cod and its fisheries on North Atlantic cultures and economies, with impacts well beyond the range of the species. Atlantic Cod: Bio-Ecology of the Fish offers insightful chapter coverage of cod nomenclature, taxonomy, phylogeny and morphology; physiology and ecophysiology; reproduction and spawning behavior; early life history and pre-recruitment processes; migrations, movements and stock identity; feeding, growth and energetics; the place of cod in the ecosystem; the exploitation of cod through history and present day commercial fisheries and precautionary management for sustainable fisheries; impacts of climate change on cod biology and ecology; and the future of the species and its fisheries. Discusses the major commercial importance of Atlantic cod through history Provides a comprehensive treatment of the bio-ecology of the most researched and highly exploited fully marine species Examines how the decline (and recovery) of cod stocks is of great political and scientific interest An essential purchase for marine fisheries scientists Atlantic Cod: Bio-Ecology of the Fish is a vital book for all fisheries scientists, managers and fish biologists.

Download or read book Adaptive and Non adaptive Variation in Human Life history Traits written by Virpi Lummaa and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Insights from the Past written by Nina Overgaard Therkildsen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stock Identification Methods written by Steven X. Cadrin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stock Identification Methods, 2e, continues to provide a comprehensive review of the various disciplines used to study the population structure of fishery resources. It represents the worldwide experience and perspectives of experts on each method, assembled through a working group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. The book is organized to foster interdisciplinary analyses and conclusions about stock structure, a crucial topic for fishery science and management. Technological advances have promoted the development of stock identification methods in many directions, resulting in a confusing variety of approaches. Based on central tenets of population biology and management needs, this valuable resource offers a unified framework for understanding stock structure by promoting an understanding of the relative merits and sensitivities of each approach. - Describes 18 distinct approaches to stock identification grouped into sections on life history traits, environmental signals, genetic analyses, and applied marks - Features experts' reviews of benchmark case studies, general protocols, and the strengths and weaknesses of each identification method - Reviews statistical techniques for exploring stock patterns, testing for differences among putative stocks, stock discrimination, and stock composition analysis - Focuses on the challenges of interpreting data and managing mixed-stock fisheries

Download or read book Genetic Variation in the Atlantic Cod Gadus Morhua L written by Tracy Noble and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-01-06 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report indicates that climate change will significantly affect the availability and trade of fish products, especially for those countries most dependent on the sector, and calls for effective adaptation and mitigation actions encompassing food production.

Download or read book Marine Genetics written by Antonio M. Solé-Cava and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our current knowledge of marine organisms and the factors affecting their ecology, distribution and evolution has been revolutionised by the use, in the last 20 years, of molecular population genetics tools. This book is the result of a meeting of world-leading experts, in Rio de Janeiro, where the state of the art of this field was reviewed. Topics covered include the molecular analysis of bio-invasions, the recent developments in marine biotechnology, the factors affecting levels of genetic variation and population structure in marine organisms and their application to conservation biology, fisheries and aquaculture. This is the first book dedicated to the genetic study of marine organisms. It will be very useful to biology students, scientists and anyone working or simply interested in areas such as marine biology, zoology, ecology, and population and molecular genetics.

Download or read book Distribution Ecology written by Marcelo Hernán Cassini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-02 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a set of approaches to the study of individual-species ecology based on the analysis of spatial variations of abundance. Distribution ecology assumes that ecological phenomena can be understood when analyzing the extrinsic (environmental) or intrinsic (physiological constraints, population mechanisms) that correlate with this spatial variation. Ecological processes depend on geographical scales, so their analysis requires following environmental heterogeneity. At small scales, the effects of biotic factors of ecosystems are strong, while at large scales, abiotic factors such as climate, govern ecological functioning. Responses of organisms also depend on scales: at small scales, adaptations dominate, i.e. the ability of organisms to respond adaptively using habitat decision rules that maximize their fitness; at large scales, limiting traits dominate, i.e., tolerance ranges to environmental conditions.​

Download or read book Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries written by Paul J. B. Hart and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent decades have witnessed strong declines in fish stocks aroundthe globe, amid growing concerns about the impact of fisheries onmarine and freshwater biodiversity. Fisheries biologists andmanagers are therefore increasingly asking about aspects ofecology, behaviour, evolution and biodiversity that weretraditionally studied by people working in very separate fields.This has highlighted the need to work more closely together, inorder to help ensure future success both in management andconservation. The Handbook of Fish Biology and Fisheries has beenwritten by an international team of scientists and practitioners,to provide an overview of the biology of freshwater and marine fishspecies together with the science that supports fisheriesmanagement and conservation. This volume, subtitled Fish Biology, reviews a broadvariety of topics from evolutionary relationships and globalbiogeography to physiology, recruitment, life histories, genetics,foraging behaviour, reproductive behaviour and community ecology.The second volume, subtitled Fisheries, uses much of thisinformation in a wide-ranging review of fisheries biology,including methods of capture, marketing, economics, stockassessment, forecasting, ecosystem impacts and conservation. Together, these books present the state of the art in ourunderstanding of fish biology and fisheries and will serve asvaluable references for undergraduates and graduates looking for acomprehensive source on a wide variety of topics in fisheriesscience. They will also be useful to researchers who needup-to-date reviews of topics that impinge on their fields, anddecision makers who need to appreciate the scientific backgroundfor management and conservation of aquatic ecosystems. To order volume I, go to the box in the top right hand corner.Alternatively to order volume II, go to:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/book.asp?ref=063206482X or toorder the 2 volume set, go to:http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/book.asp?ref=0632064838. Provides a unique overview of the study of fish biology andecology, and the assessment and management of fish populations andecosystems. The first volume concentrates on aspects of fish biology andecology, both at the individual and population levels, whilst thesecond volume addresses the assessment and management of fishpopulations and ecosystems. Written by an international team of expert scientists andpractitioners. An invaluable reference tool for both students, researchers andpractitioners working in the fields of fish biology andfisheries.

Download or read book Ecology written by Charles J. Krebs and published by Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. This book was released on 2001 with total page 695 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This best-selling majors ecology book continues to present ecology as a series of problems for readers to critically analyze. No other text presents analytical, quantitative, and statistical ecological information in an equally accessible style. Reflecting the way ecologists actually practice, the book emphasizes the role of experiments in testing ecological ideas and discusses many contemporary and controversial problems related to distribution and abundance. Throughout the book, Krebs thoroughly explains the application of mathematical concepts in ecology while reinforcing these concepts with research references, examples, and interesting end-of-chapter review questions. Thoroughly updated with new examples and references, the book now features a new full-color design and is accompanied by an art CD-ROM for instructors. The field package also includes The Ecology Action Guide, a guide that encourages readers to be environmentally responsible citizens, and a subscription to The Ecology Place (www.ecologyplace.com), a web site and CD-ROM that enables users to become virtual field ecologists by performing experiments such as estimating the number of mice on an imaginary island or restoring prairie land in Iowa. For college instructors and students.

Download or read book Biology of Stress in Fish written by Carl B. Schreck and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology of Stress in Fish: Fish Physiology provides a general understanding on the topic of stress biology, including most of the recent advances in the field. The book starts with a general discussion of stress, providing answers to issues such as its definition, the nature of the physiological stress response, and the factors that affect the stress response. It also considers the biotic and abiotic factors that cause variation in the stress response, how the stress response is generated and controlled, its effect on physiological and organismic function and performance, and applied assessment of stress, animal welfare, and stress as related to model species. Provides the definitive reference on stress in fish as written by world-renowned experts in the field Includes the most recent advances and up-to-date thinking about the causes of stress in fish, their implications, and how to minimize the negative effects Considers the biotic and abiotic factors that cause variation in the stress response

Download or read book Production and Distribution of Cod Eggs in Massachusetts Bay in 1924 and 1925 written by Charles John Fish and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early Life History and Recruitment in Fish Populations written by R.C. Chambers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-07-31 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many of the processes influencing recruitment to an adult fish population or entry into a fishery occur very early in life. The variations in life histories and behaviours of young fish and the selective processes operating on this variation ultimately determine the identities and abundance of survivors. This important volume brings together contributions from many of the world's leading researchers from the field of fish ecology. The book focuses on three major themes of pressing importance in the analysis of the role that the early life history of fishes plays in the number and quality of recruits: the selective processes at play in their early life history; the contributions of early life history to the understanding of recruitment.