Download or read book Adaptation of a Gas Chromatograph for the Measurement of Gases Dissolved in Sea water written by Claude Oudot and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissolved Gases and Total Inorganic Carbon in Seawater written by Ray Franklin Weiss and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Statistical Evaluation of Gas Chromatography for the Determination of Dissolved Gases in Sea Water written by V. J. Linnenbom and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A gas chromatographic method developed by the authors for the determination of dissolved gases in sea water has been evaluated with respect to precision and accuracy by comparison with other methods. Both laboratory and shipboard measurements were employed in the evaluation. Dissolved oxygen analyses made at sea under routine conditions of operation over a period of two weeks indicate statistically significant differences in precision for the three methods tested: gas chromatography (plus or minus 1.8%), standard Winkler method (plus or minus 1.0%), and a modification of the Winkler method (plus or minus 0.51%). No significant bias was found between gas chromatography and the improved Winkler method; a small but statistically significant bias ( -1%) was found for the standard Winkler method relative to the other two. From a practical point of view, these differences are not considered important for routine survey operations. The dissolved N2 data obtained by gas chromatography are grouped about a mean value of 100% saturation, with approximately 95% of the values falling within (100 plus or minus 5)% saturation. The advantages of gas chromatography (routine analyses by relatively nonskilled personnel to obtain simultaneous measurements of more than one gas on a small volume of liquid) are felt to be sufficient to warrant its further use in oceanography. (Author).
Download or read book Evaluation of Gas Chromatography for the Determination of Dissolved Gases in Sea Water written by V. J. Linnenbom and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Computation of Dissolved Gas Concentrations in Water as Functions of Temperature Salinity and Pressure written by John Colt and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both the measurement and control of dissolved gas concentrations depend on an accurate knowledge of equilibrium gas concentrations. It is necessary to be able to compute the equilibrium concentration as functions of temperature, salinity, pressure, and gas composition. In this book, solubilities of nitrogen, oxygen, argon, and carbon dioxide are presented for a variety of conditions. The book is divided into three sections: 1) the solubility of gases in fresh water; 2) the solubility of gases in saline waters; and 3) the computation and reporting of gas supersaturation levels. Solubility data are presented in both equation and tabular forms. With this information, the equilibrium concentration of pure gases, air, or mixtures of gases can be computed. In most cases, interpolation should not be required. Sample problems are included in each section. Programs for the computation of dissolved gas concentrations with hand-held calculators are also presented.
Download or read book Measurements of Dissolved Gases at Corps of Engineers Projects written by Steven C. Wilhelms and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Instruments to measure dissolved gases were tested and evaluated under field conditions. Limitations and potential problems with the various instruments were discussed and recommendations were made. For dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements, instruments that use polarographic probes were recommended. Chemical titration techniques were recommended for probe calibration and spot-checking polarographic probe readings. The D'Aoust Tensionometer and WES Saturometer were recommended for measurements to determine dissolved nitrogen (DN) concentrations. These techniques were recommended because they proved easy to use and were reasonably reliable under field conditions. Although it provided simultaneous determinations of DO and DN, gas chromatography was not recommended for field measurements. The instruments were too sensitive to field handling, and results were very operator dependent.
Download or read book Shipboard Determination of Dissolved Gases in Sea Water by Gas Chromatography written by J. W. Swinnerton and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gas chromatography was used for the routine determination of dissolved O and N in sea water. Previously, dissolved O was determined aboard ship by the standard Winkler chemical method, but dissolved N analyses were seldom made, since the manometric techniques employed were extremely difficult to carry out because of the motion of the ship. To obtain dissolved N data thus required that hundreds of samples of sea water be stored in tightly stoppered containers until the analyses could be carried out at a shorebased laboratory. The feasibility of the gas chromatographic method has been established for routine shipboard determination of dissolved gases in sea water. The method is less time consuming, sample size is reduced, no loss is experienced in either precision or sensitivity, and the instrumentation is relatively simple. In addition, the method is largely automatic and the recorded results can be analyzed at some later and more convenient time. (Author).
Download or read book Dissolved Gas Concentration in Water written by John Colt and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-01-17 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquacultural, oceanographic, and fisheries engineering, as well as other disciplines, require gas solubility data to compute the equilibrium concentration. These calculations, for example, can affect the output of aquacultural production or assist in environmental consulting. Until now, published solubility information has not been available in a consistent and uniform manner in one location. This book presents solubility concentrations of major atmospheric gases (oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide), noble gases (helium, neon, krypton, xenon), and trace gases (hydrogen, methane, nitrous oxide) as a function of temperature, salinity, pressure, and gas composition in a variety of formats. Data, equations, and theory are explained so that the user is able to understand the calculations and problems. Furthermore, data and solubility information are presented in a range of units to make them accessible across disciplines. This book will help the reader to look at a problem from a quantitative viewpoint and better understand carbonate chemistry. Revised from the earlier edition to include more accurate carbon dioxide tables and separate sections on the solubility of noble gases, trace gases, and oxygen in brines to provide a single resource for gas solubility data. This book is essential for all students and practitioners working in aquatic fields. - A single source for highly accurate and comprehensive tables for gas solubility in aquatic systems - Information provided in tables, equations, and computer programmes - Theory is presented to better understand the equations and calculations
Download or read book A Portable Gas Chromatographic Technique to Measure Dissolved Hydrocarbons in Sea Water written by James C. Perras and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report contains a description of an apparatus and a technique that can be used to determine the presence of alkane hydrocarbons from C3 to C6 which are dissolved in an aquatic environment. The apparatus is a gas-stripping device which continuously removes the hydrocarbon vapors from water and injects them into a gas chromatograph. The gas chromatograph separates and detects the components present in the stripped vapors. The instrument was to be suitable for use by the Coast Guard in surveillance operations, to detect the presence of hydrocarbons in the water, to be used in monitoring clean-up operations following an oil spill, and to measure the dissolved hydrocarbons remaining after apparent complete removal of oil from the water surface.
Download or read book Annotated Extracts of Some Papers Dealing with the Measurement and Solubility of Dissolved Atmospheric Gases with Nitrogen Gas Supersaturation and with Gas Bubble Disease in Fish written by British Columbia. Pollution Control Branch and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Gas Chromatographic System for Dissolved Organic Carbon Analysis in Seawater Annual Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the first six months of this two-year grant, we have completed the construction of the analytical portion of a prototype gas chromatograph-based system for the analysis of dissolved organic carbon in seawater. We also have begun testing the procedures to be used to cryogenically concentrate and transfer carbon dioxide from the oxidizing atmosphere of the high-temperature furnace into the reducing hydrogen carrier gas of the gas chromatograph. During the second half of the first year, we will construct the high-temperature catalytic oxidation furnace and test the entire system on laboratory-prepared aqueous solutions of various organic compounds. Also during this period, we will take part in an initial scoping study within the Cape Hatteras field area on board the R/V Gyre. This study will involve both the collection of samples of seawater for organic and inorganic carbon analysis and the measurement of surface-water pCO2.
Download or read book Development of Gas Chromatographic System for Dissolved Organic Carbon Analysis in Seawater written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the first six months of this two-year grant, we have completed the construction of the analytical portion of a prototype gas chromatograph-based system for the analysis of dissolved organic carbon in seawater. We also have begun testing the procedures to be used to cryogenically concentrate and transfer carbon dioxide from the oxidizing atmosphere of the high-temperature furnace into the reducing hydrogen carrier gas of the gas chromatograph. During the second half of the first year, we will construct the high-temperature catalytic oxidation furnace and test the entire system on laboratory-prepared aqueous solutions of various organic compounds. Also during this period, we will take part in an initial scoping study within the Cape Hatteras field area on board the R/V Gyre. This study will involve both the collection of samples of seawater for organic and inorganic carbon analysis and the measurement of surface-water pCO[sub 2].
Download or read book Field Analysis of Dissolved Gases in Lake Waters by Gas Chromatography written by DAJ Murray and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Equipment for the analysis in the field of dissolved gases in lake waters by gas chromatography is described. It is portable and can be battery operated. Water from the required depth is pumped continuously through a small glass stripping device. It is equilibrated with flowing helium and the gases introduced into the gas chromatograph by a sample loop. Problems of oxygen and carbon dioxide invasion and degassing of supersaturated gases are avoided. The method will measure from 2 to 1000 micromoles/liter of carbon dioxide.
Download or read book R D Abstracts written by Technology Reports Centre (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Study of Dissolved Gases in Sea Water by Mass Spectrometry written by Edward Warren Pough and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Instrument for on Stream Stripping and Analysis of Dissolved Gases in Water written by D. D. Williams and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multiple spinning disk stripper which utilizes the discharge carrier gas from the gas chromatograph was developed. Water was completely purged of its gas content in a single pass through this unit at carrier gas/H20 flow ratios of 10/1 through 1/2 for rates up to 100 cc/min. Stripping on a continuous basis with periodic sampling and analysis by gas chromatography provided a means for the on-stream monitoring of the dissolved gas content of water in the range of 0.02 cc/liter through saturation. Chromatograms and calibrations for O, N, and CO2 are shown. Previously tried ultrasonic stripping methods were ineffective. (Author).
Download or read book Gas Chromatographic Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in Sea Water Using Argon as Carrier Gas written by Kilho Park and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modification of the gas chromatographic method of Swinnerton, Linnenbom, and Cheek for the determination of dissolved oxygen in sea water is presented. Argon is used as the carrier gas. Relative standard deviation obtained by the modified method is = 1.4 per cent for surface sea water samples. One analysis takes four minutes. (Author).
