Download or read book Adaptability to New Technologies of the USSR and East European Countries written by Philip Joseph and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pressures for Reform in the East European Economies written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book Comecon written by J. J. Brine and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1992 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comecon, or the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, was founded by Joseph Stalin in 1949 to counteract the Marshall Plan and reinforce the bonds between the Soviet Union and the "people's democracies" of Eastern Europe. Other Soviet Bloc nations later joined "Comecon, "and for forty years it dominated the trade policies of the Soviet Bloc and profoundly influenced their domestic economic development and relations with the West. "Comecon "collapsed in 1991 after the countries of Eastern Europe rejected communism. It was often compared with the (West European) Common Market, but differed vastly in its aims, structure, powers, and activities. Its influence is a critical factor in assessing both the economic failures of the Soviet Bloc and the problems facing former member states as they make the transition to free-market economies. This detailed, annotated bibliography is an essential guide to the extensive English-language literature about "Comecon "from its founding until its demise. Chapters cover "Comecon's "history, structure, and law; socialist economic integration; the organization's arrangements for international trade and finance; environment, natural resources, and energy; labor; industry and agriculture; science and technology. "Comecon, "like the rest of the Soviet Bloc, collapsed suddenly, but its legacy will color international relations and worldwide economic issues for years to come. An understanding of its institutions, mechanisms, and policies remains vital hi appreciating the economic organization of the former Soviet empire. This bibliography will therefore be indispensable to policymakers, economists, historians, and political scientists.
Download or read book The Comparative Economics of Research Development and Innovation in East and West written by Professor Philip Hanson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic comparison of the institutions and incentive systems governing the processes of technological invention, innovation and diffusion in advanced market and centrally planned economies.
Download or read book Export Controls written by Robert S. Kirk and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book USSR Foreign Policies After D tente written by Richard F. Staar and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based largely on primary sources in the Russian language, this succinct volume cover the following aspects of Soviet foreign policy: world outlook, personalities and structures of the decisionmaking process, implementation of objectives, and a discussion of practices toward geographic regions as well as specific countries.
Download or read book The Status of Soviet Civil Science written by Craig Sinclair and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents one outcome of the initiatives, taken from time to time by the NATO Science Committee, to add to the work of supporting civil science within the Alliance by mounting open meetings or other projects dealing with some topical aspect of science and technology policy. Past examples have included the 20th anniversary meeting of the establish ment of the Science Committee in 1978 which made a review of the achieve ments of the various programmes. It proved to be a valuable opportunity to take stock of the impact of science and technology on Western societies and was a particularly useful occasion for a critical analysis of the changing nature and social role of science and technology. In contrast, the Science Committee Conferences in 1973, and 1976, on the 'Technology of Efficient Energy Utilization' and on 'Thermal Energy Storage' were responses of the Committee to specific technological problems, engendered by the then acute energy supply position. A similar technologically oriented study was made in 1975 of the 'Rational Use of Potentially Scarce Metals'. These initiatives were the counterpoint to the bulk of the continuing work of the Committee in funding scientific mobility in the Alliance, as support to civil science. This latter is done competitively in response to unsolicited applications. The Committee hopes to demon strate, by its special activities, its flexibility and responsiveness to the evolving activities, technologists and policy makers.
Download or read book East West Trade and the Atlantic Alliance written by Helen V. Milner and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990-10-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Law and Politics of West East Technology Transfer written by Hiroshi Oda and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on an international conference at the University of Tokyo on CoCom and its related export control system'. Despite the changes in the overall political climate, such as the new thinking' in Soviet foreign policy, it seems that CoCom will continue to function for some years. Although the scope of control has been narrowed, the control itself has been tightened. All the old problems which caused conflicts within and outside CoCom still exist. The United States is still exercising export controls in an extra-territorial way via its extensive re-export control system. The 1988 Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act remains unaltered, notwithstanding its controversial nature. This book is a major contribution to the discussion of current legal and political issues concerning export controls, a discussion which has gained greatly in importance as a result of the Gulf crisis.
Download or read book U S Supercomputer Export Control Policy written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on National Security and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Green Post Communism written by Mikael Sandberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1998-12-03 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book asks whether foreign aid can help post-communist societies to steer their technological innovation systems in more environmentally sound directions. Mikael Sandberg examines the legacy of Soviet-type innovation systems, then looks at opportunities for greener innovations in post-communist Poland, considering:* institutional transformation
Download or read book The Soviet Union 1984 85 written by Gertraud Seidenstecher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1984 and 1985, the swift succession in the USSR's leadership affected all levels of Soviet society. This eighth volume in a series of biennial reports on the Soviet Union analyzes domestic affairs, economics, and foreign policy in light of that succession. Power struggles within the highest echelons of the Soviet communist party are examined. Contributors evaluate prospects for the attempted economic modernization in a system that leaves little room for radical reform. Moscow's swings between extremes of self-isolation and readiness to talk raise questions about foreign and security policy during die transitional period. The contributors also identify perspectives, priorities, and trends for the future of Soviet politics, economics, and social developments. The Federal Institute for East European and International Studies in Cologne was established in 1961 as an academically autonomous research institution. It operates under the administrative and financial authority of Germany's Federal Ministry of the Interior.
Download or read book International Cooperation on Nonproliferation Export Controls written by Gary K. Bertsch and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can export controls further nonproliferation goals in the new world order?
Download or read book Economic Reform in Eastern Europe written by Graham R. Bird and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1992 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This analysis of economic reform in Eastern Europe covers topics such as the economics of conversion, reforming the Soviet economy, reform in Hungary, economic adjustment in Eastern Europe, and Eastern Europe and financial markets.
Download or read book The Soviet Union s Agricultural Biowarfare Programme written by Anthony Rimmington and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses upon the secret agricultural biological warfare programme codenamed Ekologiya – which was pursued by the Soviet Union from 1958 through to the collapse of the USSR in 1991. It was the largest offensive agricultural biowarfare project the world has ever seen and Soviet anti-crop and anti-livestock weapons had the capability to inflict enormous damage on Western agriculture. Beginning in the early 1970s, there was a new focus within the Soviet agricultural biowarfare programme on molecular biology and the development of genetically modified agents. A key characteristic of the Ekologiya project was the creation of mobilization production facilities. These ostensibly civil manufacturing plants incorporated capacity for production of biowarfare agents in wartime emergency. During the 1990s-2000s, the counter-proliferation efforts undertaken by the US and UK played a major role in preventing the transfer of Ekologiya scientists, technologies and pathogens to Iran and other countries of potential proliferation concern. Anthony Rimmington is a former Senior Research Fellow at Birmingham University’s Centre for Russian, European and Eurasian Studies, UK. He has published widely on the civil life sciences sector in the post-Soviet states and on the Soviet Union’s offensive biological warfare programme, including Stalin’s Secret Weapon: The Origins of Soviet Biological Warfare.
Download or read book Advances in Computers written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1988-07-01 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Computers
